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Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 and REST-associated histone deacetylases are independent pathways toward a mature neuronal phenotype.

ABSTRACT: These experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that REST and Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 function cooperatively in undifferentiated ESCs. Our results showed that a majority of REST-bound genomic regions were not associated with H3K27me3 enrichment and loss of H3K27me3 enrichment was not a general observation in REST -/- ESCs. These results support the conclusion that REST and PRC2 function independently in ESCs and similarly contribute to maintaing a transcriptionally poised state through antagonism of H3K4me3.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE48320 | GEO | 2014/09/30

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA209701

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 and REST-associated histone deacetylases are independent pathways toward a mature neuronal phenotype.

Project description:These experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that REST and Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 function cooperatively in undifferentiated ESCs. Our results showed that a majority of REST-bound genomic regions were not associated with H3K27me3 enrichment and loss of H3K27me3 enrichment was not a general observation in REST -/- ESCs. These results support the conclusion that REST and PRC2 function independently in ESCs and similarly contribute to maintaing a transcriptionally poised state through antagonism of H3K4me3. Examination of REST-bound regions in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC), and a comparison of H3K27me3 distribution between WT and REST-/- ESCs.

2014-09-30 | E-GEOD-48320 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Polycomb Repressor Complex2 and REST-associated histone deacetylases are independent pathways toward a mature neuronal phenotype

Project description:These experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that REST and Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 function cooperatively in undifferentiated ESCs. Our results show that H3K27me3-enriched genes show no de-repression in REST-/- ESCs, while REST target genes show significant de-repression.

2014-09-30 | GSE59442 | GEO

Polycomb Repressor Complex2 and REST-associated histone deacetylases are independent pathways toward a mature neuronal phenotype

Project description:These experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that REST and Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 function cooperatively in undifferentiated ESCs. Our results show that H3K27me3-enriched genes show no de-repression in REST-/- ESCs, while REST target genes show significant de-repression. RNA-seq was performed and analyzed using two biological replicates for each genotype, WT (N6) and REST-/- (N8) mouse embryonic stem cells.

2014-09-30 | E-GEOD-59442 | biostudies-arrayexpress

REST–Mediated Recruitment of Polycomb Repressor Complexes in Mammalian Cells

Project description:Genome-wide analysis of REST and Polycomb binding in Rest-/- and Eed-/- mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells showed that Rest was required for PRC1 recruitment to a subset of Polycomb regulated neuronal genes. Furthermore, we found that PRC1 can be recruited to Rest binding sites independently of CpG islands and the H3K27Me3 mark., and that PRC2 was frequently increased around Rest binding sites located in CpG-rich regions in the Rest2/2 mES cells. Published here: PLoS Genet 8(3): e1002494. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002494

2013-06-20 | GSE48122 | GEO

REST–Mediated Recruitment of Polycomb Repressor Complexes in Mammalian Cells

2013-06-20 | E-GEOD-48122 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression data from REST knock-out versus REST wild type cells during in vitro neurogenesis

Project description:While changes in chromatin are integral to transcriptional reprogramming during cellular differentiation, it is currently unclear how chromatin modifications are targeted to specific loci. We developed a computational model on the premise that transcription factors (TFs) direct dynamic chromatin changes during cell fate decisions. When applied to a neurogenesis paradigm, this approach predicted the TF REST as a determinant of gain of Polycomb-mediated H3K27me3 in neuronal progenitor cells. We prove this prediction experimentally by showing that the absence of REST causes loss of H3K27me3 at target promoters in trans at the same cellular state. Moreover, promoter fragments containing a REST binding site are sufficient to recruit H3K27me3 in cis, while deletion of their REST site results in loss of H3K27me3. These findings illustrate that computational modeling can systematically identify TFs that regulate chromatin dynamics genome-wide. Local determination of Polycomb activity by REST exemplifies such TF based regulation of chromatin.

2012-09-04 | GSE27114 | GEO

Expression data from REST knock-out versus REST wild type cells during in vitro neurogenesis

2012-09-04 | E-GEOD-27114 | biostudies-arrayexpress

REST Couples Loss of Pluripotency with Neural Induction and Neural Differentiation

Project description:Neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) requires coordinated repression of the pluripotency regulatory programme and reciprocal activation of the neurogenic regulatory programme. Upon neural induction, ESCs rapidly repress expression of pluripotency genes followed by staged activation of neural progenitor and differentiated neuronal and glial genes. The transcriptional factors that underlie pluripotency are partially characterized, whereas those underlying neural induction are much less explored, and the factors that coordinate these two developmental programs are completely unknown. One transcription factor, REST (RE1 silencing transcription factor), has been linked with terminal differentiation of neural progenitors, and more recently and controversially, with control of pluripotency. Here, we show that in the absence of REST, coordination of pluripotency and neural induction is lost and there is a resultant delay in repression of pluripotency genes and a precocious activation of both neural progenitor and differentiated neuronal and glial genes. Further, we show that REST is not required for production of radial glia-like progenitors but is required for their subsequent maintenance and differentiation into neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. We propose that REST acts as a regulatory hub that coordinates timely repression of pluripotency with neural induction and neural differentiation. We have investigated the role of REST in the coupling of pluripotency and neural induction and neurogenesis using Rest-null mouse ESCs (mESCs) in conjunction with a novel mESC neural differentiation protocol. Differential expression between Rest-null ESCs and controls was tested using Illumina Mouse Ref-8 v2 BeadArray technology. Three replicates were used for Rest-null and three for control. Data analysis was performed using Bioconductor libraries beadarray and limma.

2011-12-08 | E-GEOD-34244 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A comparative epigenomics approach reveals REST as a mediator of Polycomb reprogramming during neuronal differentiation

Project description:Transcription factors (TFs) in concert with chromatin pathways stably reset transcriptional programs during differentiation. Yet we know little how local sites of chromatin reprogramming are specified and how the estimated 3000 TF encoded in mammalian genomes contribute to chromatin dynamics. To identify candidate TFs we developed an integrated computational approach (Epi-MARA) that models chromatin dynamics in terms of predicted transcription factor binding sites and show that it correctly predicts key TFs involved in epigenome reorganization. When applied to a time course of genome-wide H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), a chromatin mark set by the Polycomb system, during neuronal differentiation of murine stem cells Epi-MARA predicted that the repressive transcription factor REST contributes to a gain of H3K27me3 at a subset of promoters during the transition from the stem to the progenitor state. To test this prediction we identified, genome-wide, the actual binding sites of REST and H3K27me3 during the differentiation in cells that are either wildtype or in which REST had been deleted. REST indeed localizes to a subset of sites that gain H3K27me3 in progenitors. Importantly, absence of REST in trans leads to a loss of H3K27me3 predominantly in the neuronal progenitor state and specifically at those regions where REST was bound. This function further requires REST binding sites in cis as their mutation leads to substantial loss of H3K27me3. Taken together we provide a novel approach to identify epigenome and TF crosstalk during cellular reprogramming and prove experimentally the prediction that REST acts as an important recruiter of Polycomb repression during early steps of neurogenesis. Dataset comprises of 15 ChIP-seq samples using chromatin from embryonic stem (ES) and neuronal progentor (NP) of wildtype and RESTko cells, which was immunoprecipitated, using antibodies against REST, H3K27me3, or Suz12

2012-09-04 | E-GEOD-27148 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A comparative epigenomics approach reveals REST as a mediator of Polycomb reprogramming during neuronal differentiation

2012-09-04 | GSE27148 | GEO