Comparative transcriptomic profiling of liver tissue from lean (fa/+) female Zucker rats (~15 weeks old) fed a standard diet supplemented (0.5% w/w) with a rosemary extract enriched in carnosic acid (40% CA)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE48373 | GEO | 2013/09/15
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA209863
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:We used Affymetrix microarrays to investigate gene expression changes in the liver of lean female Zucker rats exposed to a normal diet supplemented with a rosemary extract rich in the diterpenic compound, carnosic acid (CA). The aim of this work was to determine whether the daily intake (with the standard diet) of the rosemary extract (RE) enriched in CA (40%) for 64 days exerted any modulatory effects, at the level of gene expression, in the liver of lean Zucker female rats. Female lean Zucker rats were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n= 7 animals per group) as follows: (1) control group, fed a standard diet (CT); (2) treated group, fed a standard diet supplemented (0.05% w/w) with the RE rich in CA (RE). At the end of the experimental procedure (64 days), total RNA was extracted from the liver to compare differential gene expression between the two groups. Liver differential gene expression after 64 days of supplementation between the CT group and the RE group (effects of the extract supplementation).
2013-09-15 | E-GEOD-48373 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gene expression profiles in tissues of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats compared with age matched Zucker lean control (ZLC) rats. Keywords: other
2004-03-01 | GSE1080 | GEO
Project description:Analysis of the gene signature of steatosis associated to obesity in hepatocytes of Zucker fa/fa obese rats and their controls; identifying target genes linked to steatosis progression. or Obesity and insulin resistance-associated steatosis can be a non-inflammatory condition affecting hepatocytes or progress to steatohepatitis: a condition that can result in end-stage liver disease. Although molecular events leading to accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver have been identified individually, the complexity of the condition suggested that emergent target would be uncovered by a more comprehensive examination. Then, this study was aimed at establishing a gene signature of steatosis in hepatocytes and at identifying target genes linked to steatosis progression. Using Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays, we compared transcriptomes of hepatocytes isolated from Zucker "fa/fa" obese rats with three different age-related grades of steatosis with those of their counterpart non-steatotic cells.
2008-07-31 | E-MEXP-1414 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ecdysteroids are a class of steroid hormones occurring in insects, where they are referred as zooecdysteroids, and in plants, where they are termed phytoecdysteroids. While zooecdysteroids in insects regulate important developmental processes, such as embryogenesis, molting (ecdysis), metamorphosis, reproduction, and diapause, phytoecdysteroids provide protection against invertebrate predators by acting as feeding deterrents and by disrupting critical developmental processes of such invertebrates. The ecdysteroids in insects and plants comprise a great number of different analogues, with 20‐hydroxyecdysone, also called ecdysterone, being the quantitatively dominating biologically active analogue in both, insects and plants. Although phytoecdysteroids are effective toxins or antifeedants towards non-adapted herbivorous invertebrate predators, ecdysteroids are apparently non-toxic to mammals and even have been shown to exert a variety of interesting metabolic actions, such as antiobesity, hypoglycemic and protein-anabolic effects. In the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that ecdysterone causes lipid-lowering effects in obese Zucker rats. To test this hypothesis, two groups of obese Zucker rats were fed a nutrient-adequate diet supplemented without or with 0.05% ecdysterone. This ecdysterone concentration was appropriate to achieve a similar dose of ecdysterone per kg body weight BW as applied in other rodent studies, in which ecdysterone caused either hepatic and plasma lipid-lowering effects or antiobesity effects in different rodent models. In order to decipher the potential lipid-lowering actions of ecdysteroids in Zucker rats, measurements of liver and plasma lipid concentrations and hepatic transcriptome analysis was carried out. To further study if ecdysterone is capable of alleviating the strong lipid-synthetic activity in the liver of obese Zucker rats, the study included also two groups of lean Zucker rats which also received either the ecdysterone-supplemented or the non-supplemented diet.
2021-03-07 | GSE168390 | GEO
Project description:Endurance exercise training has been shown to decrease whole-body and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and increase glucose tolerance in conditions of both pre-diabetes and overt type 2 diabetes. However, the adaptive responses in skeletal muscle at the molecular and genetic level for these beneficial effects of exercise training have not been clearly established in an animal model of pre-diabetes. The present study identifies alterations in skeletal muscle gene expression that occur with exercise training in pre-diabetic, insulin-resistant obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats and insulin-sensitive lean Zucker (Fa/-) rats. Treadmill running for up to 4 weeks caused significant enhancements of glucose tolerance as assessed by the integrated area under the curve for glucose (AUCg) during an oral glucose tolerance test in both lean and obese animals. Using microarray analysis, a set of only 12 genes was identified as both significantly altered (>1.5-fold change relative to sedentary controls; p<0.05) and significantly correlated (p<0.05) with the AUCg. Two of these genes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g coactivator 1a (PGC-1a) and the z-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC-z), have known involvement in the regulation of skeletal muscle glucose transport. We confirmed that protein expression levels of PGC-1a and PKC-z were positively correlated with the mRNA expression levels for these two genes. Overall, this study has identified a limited number of genes in soleus muscle of lean and obese Zucker rats that are associated with decreased insulin resistance and increase glucose tolerance following endurance exercise training. These findings could guide the development of pharmaceutical M-^Sexercise mimeticsM-^T in the treatment of insulin-resistant, pre-diabetic or overtly type 2 diabetic individuals.
2009-11-16 | E-TABM-213 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:1. The populations of alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptors in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of genetically obese Zucker rats (fa/fa) were studied with [3H]prazosin and [3H]CGP-12177 respectively. 2. The density of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in BAT was significantly lower in obese than in lean Zucker rats, both at 2-4 months of age and at 6 weeks of age. The density of beta-adrenergic receptors was identical in BAT of lean and obese 6-week-old Zucker rats. 3. Cold-acclimation increased the alpha 1-receptor density significantly in BAT of both lean and obese Zucker rats, and the number of beta-receptors was also somewhat increased. 4. Sucrose feeding did not affect the density of alpha 1-receptors in BAT of lean or obese Zucker rats, but it increased beta-receptor density. 5. Adrenalectomy restored the density of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in BAT of obese Zucker rats to the value observed in lean rats. 6. It is concluded that there is a direct correlation between alpha 1-receptor density and tissue recruitment, and that alpha 1-receptor density is thus positively correlated with sympathetic activity. beta-Receptor density is apparently better correlated with feeding conditions.
| S-EPMC1148782 | biostudies-other
Project description:Supercritical rosemary extract (containing 16.90% carnosic acid, 1.90% carnosol and 13.59% volatile compounds) showed antitumor activity on colon cancer cells in vitro. We treated colon cancer cells with the extract and we employed whole genome microarray expression profiling to identify genes potentially involved in its antitumor mechanism of action.
2014-04-04 | GSE56496 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundZucker fatty (fa/fa) rats are a well-understood model of obesity and hyperinsulinemia. It is now thought that obesity/hyperinsulinemia is an important cause of endocrinological abnormality, but to date there have been no reports on the changes in ovarian morphology or the ovarian androgen profile in rat models of obesity and insulin resistance.MethodsIn this study we investigated the effects of obesity and hyperinsulinemia on ovarian morphology and the hormone profile in insulin-resistant Zucker fatty rats (5, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age, n = 6-7).ResultsOvaries from 5-week-old fatty rats had significantly greater total and atretic follicle numbers, and higher atretic-to-total follicle ratios than those from lean rats. Ovaries from 12- and 16-week-old fatty rats showed interstitial cell hyperplasia and numerous cysts with features of advanced follicular atresia. In addition, serum testosterone and androstenedione levels significantly declined in fatty rats from age 8 to 16 weeks, so that fatty rats showed significantly lower levels of serum testosterone (12 and 16 weeks) and androstenedione (all weeks) than lean rats. This may reflect a reduction of androgen synthesis during follicular atresia. Serum adiponectin levels were high in immature fatty rats, and although the levels declined significantly as they matured, it remained significantly higher in fatty rats than in lean rats. On the other hand, levels of ovarian adiponectin and its receptors were significantly lower in mature fatty rats than in lean mature rats or immature fatty rats.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that ovarian morphology and hormone profiles are significantly altered by the continuous insulin resistance in Zucker fatty rats. Simultaneously, abrupt reductions in serum and ovarian adiponectin also likely contribute to the infertility seen in fatty rats.
| S-EPMC2907382 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Thiazolidinediones increase tissue insulin sensitivity and are protective against worsening of nephropathy and hypertension in diabetes. Mechanisms underlying protection at the renal level likely involve a variety of unknown changes in gene expression. We examined kidney gene expression in obese and lean Zucker rats in response to rosiglitazone (Avandia®), a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (gamma-subtype) agonist. Lean and obese Zucker rats were treated with either control chow or chow with added rosiglitazone (3 mg/kg�bw) for 12 weeks (n = 3/group). Total kidney mRNA expression was evaluated using the Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 GeneChip. 903 probe sets were significantly (P < 0.05) altered with at least 1.5-fold changes between groups. In untreated obese rats, 300 probe sets were increased and 244 decreased, relative to lean. Increased genes included the β-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter, and aquaporin 3. Decreased genes included angiotensin converting enzyme, type 1 (ACE1). FatiGO analysis showed that the highest number of altered genes between lean and obese belonged to the categories: ion binding, hydrolase activity, and protein binding. RGZ increased expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), CD36, and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FAbp4) in both lean and obese rats. In obese rats, 33 genes were normalized by RGZ (no longer different from lean) including ACE1, fatty acid synthase (Fasn), and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 2 (Scd2). Ingenuity Pathways System analysis of genes upregulated by RGZ in obese rats revealed two major nodes affected: PPAR-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Experiment Overall Design: Twelve male Zucker rats (6 Lean and 6 Obese) were used in the study. Three rats from each body type were fed either with control diet (ground chow diet) or control diet with rosiglitazone (3 mg/kg body weight). The rats were weighed weekly and fed diets and recieved water ad libitum for 12 weeks.
2008-04-06 | E-GEOD-7193 | biostudies-arrayexpress