Expression data from Th17 cells of different origins
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE48428 | GEO | 2013/12/21
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA210021
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Foxp3 is indispensable for Treg suppressive function, but the stability of Foxp3 has been controversial. In autoimmune arthritis, Th17 cells play a critically important pathological role, but the origin of Th17 cells remains unknown We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression of Th17 cells originated from Foxp3+T cells compared to conventional naive CD4+T cells derived Th17 cells. We also take samples of Treg cells and Th0 cells for the experimetnatl control. Each T cell subset after the culture was subjected to RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
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Project description:The molecular mechanisms that govern differential T cell development into pro-inflammatory Th17 vs. regulatory T (Treg) cells remain unclear. Here, we show that selective deletion of CREB in T cells or Th17 cells impaired Th17 differentiation in vitro and in vivo, and led to resistance to autoimmune diseases. Mechanistically, CREB, activated by CD3-PKC-ϴ signaling, plays a key role in regulating Th17 differentiation, at least in part through directly binding to the Il17-Il17f gene locus. Unexpectedly, although dispensable for FOXP3 expression and for the homeostasis and function of thymus-derived Treg cells, CREB negatively regulates the survival of TGF-β-induced Treg cells, and deletion of CREB resulted in increased FOXP3+ Treg cells in the intestine and protection in a colitis model. Thus, CREB is critical in autoimmune diseases by promoting Th17 and inhibiting de novo Treg generation.
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Project description:Upon antigen stimulation, the bioenergetic demands of T cells increase dramatically over the resting state. Although a role for the metabolic switch to glycolysis has been suggested to support increased anabolic activities and facilitate T cell growth and proliferation, whether cellular metabolism controls T cell lineage choices remains poorly understood. Here we report that the glycolytic pathway is actively regulated during the differentiation of inflammatory TH17 and Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg), and controls cell fate determination. TH17 but not Treg-inducing conditions resulted in strong upregulation of the glycolytic activity and induction of glycolytic enzymes. Blocking glycolysis inhibited TH17 development while promoting Treg cell generation. Moreover, the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF1a) was selectively expressed in TH17 cells and its induction required signaling through mTOR, a central regulator of cellular metabolism. HIF1a-dependent transcriptional program was important for mediating glycolytic activity, thereby contributing to the lineage choices between TH17 and Treg cells. Lack of HIF1a resulted in diminished TH17 development but enhanced Treg differentiation, and protected mice from autoimmune CNS inflammation. Our studies demonstrate that HIF1a-dependent glycolytic pathway orchestrates a metabolic checkpoint for the differentiation of TH17 and Treg cells. Naïve CD4 T cells from wild-type and HIF1a-deficient mice (in triplicates each group) were differentiated under TH17 conditions for 2.5 days, and RNA was analyzed by microarrays.
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Project description:Mechanisms by which regulatory T (Treg) cells fail to control inflammation in asthma remain poorly understood. We show that a severe asthma-associated polymorphism in the interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4Rα-R576) biases induced Treg (iTreg) cells towards a T helper 17 (TH17) cell fate. This skewing reflects the recruitment by IL-4Rα-R576 of the adaptor protein growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2), which drives IL-17 expression by an extracellular signal-regulated kinase-, IL-6- and STAT3-dependent mechanism. We showed that the IL-4Rα-R576 mutation elicits TH17 airway responses in vivo, in a house dust mite (HDM)- or ovalbumin (OVA)-driven model of airway inflammation in the mice carry the IL-4Rα-R576 mutation (Il4raR576 mice). Treg cell-specific deletion of genes encoding IL-6Rα or the master TH17 cell regulator Retinoid-related Orphan Receptor γt (RORγt), but not IL-4 and IL-13, protected mice against exacerbated airway inflammation induced by IL-4Rα--576. Analysis of lung tissue Treg cells revealed that the expression of IL-17 and the TH17 cell-associated chemokine receptor CCR6 was largely overlapping and highly enriched in Treg and conventional T (Tconv) cells of allergen-treated Il4raR576 mice. To further characterize the subset of IL-17 producing Foxp3+ Treg in the lung of OVA-treated mice we utilized CCR6 as a marker of Treg cells committed towards the TH17 cell lineage to examine their functional, epigenetic and transcriptional profiles. CCR6+Foxp3EGFP+ Treg cells isolated from OVA-sensitized and challenged Il4raR576 mice, by FACS (Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting) exhibited decreased methylation of the Foxp3 CNS2 locus comparing to CCR6âFoxp3EGFP+ Treg cells from same animals, indicative of decreased stability. They also exhibited profoundly decreased suppressive function as compared to CCR6â WT and CCR6â Il4raR576 counterparts. Transcriptional profiling of CCR6+Foxp3EGFP+ Treg cells revealed increased relative expression in CCR6+ Il4raR576 Treg cells of genes associated with a TH17 cell signature, including Rorc, Ccr6, Il23r, Il17a, Il17f, Il1r1, Nr1d1, Cstl, and Ahr comparing to CCR6âFoxp3EGFP+ Treg cells from same animals. Three CCR6+Foxp3EGFP+ Il4raR576 replicates and four CCR6âFoxp3EGFP+ Il4raR576 Treg replicates (controls) were sampled
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Project description:An imbalance of T helper (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The endogenous metabolite itaconate (ITA) is a regulator of macrophages; however, its role in T cells regulation is unclear. Here, we show that ITA inhibited Th17 cell differentiation and promoted Treg cell differentiation via metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. Mechanistically, ITA suppressed glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in Th17 and Treg-polarizing T cells. In Th17 cells, the S-adenosyl-L-methionine/ S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio was decreased following ITA administration in vitro, subsequently altering the epigenetic status. Further, ITA inhibited RORγt binding at the Il17a promoter, resulting in reduced IL-17A expression. In Treg cells, ITA reduced 2-hydroxyglutarate levels, which suppressed Foxp3 expression. The adoptive transfer of ITA-treated Th17-polarizing T cells ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Collectively, these results indicate that ITA serves as a crucial metabolic regulator for Th17/Treg cell balance and a potential therapeutic agent against autoimmune diseases.
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Project description:T helper 17 and Regulatory T cells (Th17 and Treg, respectively) are two well-described lymphocyte subsets with opposing actions. The divergent fates of Th17 and Treg cells are accounted for, at least in part, by molecular antagonism that occurs between their respective specific transcription factors, RORγt and Foxp3. An imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells may lead to tissue inflammation and is associated with certain types of autoimmunity. In order to understand the heterogeneity and dynamics of the differentiation process, we studied Th17/Treg cell differentiation of naïve cells in vitro, using RORγtGFPFoxp3RFP dual-reporter mouse. Flow cytometry revealed the consistent emergence of a population of double positive RORγt+Foxp3+ (DP) cells during the early stages of Th17 cell differentiation. These DP cells are closely related to RORγt+ single positive (SPR) cells in terms of global gene expression. Nevertheless, for some genes, DP cells share an expression pattern with Foxp3+ single positive (SPF) Treg cells, most importantly by reducing IL17 levels. Using time-lapse microscopy, we could delineate the expression dynamics of RORγt and Foxp3 at a clonal level. While the RORγt expression level elevates early during differentiation, Foxp3 rises later and is more stable upon environmental changes. These distinct expression profiles are independent of each other. During differentiation and proliferation, individual cells transit between SPR, DP, and SPF states. Nevertheless, the differentiation of sister cells within a clone progeny was highly correlated. We further demonstrated that sorted SPR and DP populations were not significantly affected by changes in their environment, suggesting that the correlated fate decision emerged at early time points, before the first division. Overall, this study provides the first quantitative analysis of differentiation dynamics during the generation of DP RORγt+Foxp3+ cells. Characterizing these dynamics and the differentiation trajectory could provide a profound understanding and be used to better define the distinct fates of T cells, critical mediators of the immune response.
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Project description:Th17 cells secrete IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22 cytokines that are critical in mediating inflammation and protecting the host from microorganisms infection. The basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like (Batf) contributes to the transcriptional programming of multiple effector T cells, and is required for Th17 cell development. Here, we have interrogated mechanisms by which Batf promotes and stabilizes Th17 cell phenotype. We have shown that in vitro differentiated Th17 cells have increased expression of Th1 and Treg signature genes in the absence of Batf. In addition, Citrobacter rodentium infected Batf-deficient (Batf KO) mice fail to clear the infection, and that is correlated with diminished IL-17A and IL-22 cytokine production and increased Foxp3 and Ifng expression compared to WT mice. We find that Batf sustains Th17 phenotype in long-term culture conditions by suppressing Th1- and Treg-specific gene expression. Mechanistically, we reveal that Batf negatively regulates IL-2-STAT5 signaling and modulates STAT5 binding at the Ifng and Foxp3 gene loci thus suppressing Th1-Treg phenotype in Th17 cell development. Inhibition of STAT5 DNA binding activity in Batf KO Th17 cells was able to repress Ifng and Foxp3 expression compared to control-treated cells. Moreover, STAT5 cooperates with transcription factors Ets1 and Runx1 to mediate epigenetic modification and regulate gene expression. Thus, our study has revealed an essential function of Batf in modulating the IL-2-STAT5 signaling to promote and stabilize Th17 cell development.
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