Gene expression profiling of normal mouse hepatocyte, premalignant hepatocytes and fully malignant HCC
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE50431 | GEO | 2013/10/11
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA217479
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Gene expression was analyzed and compared of normal mouse hepatocyte, premalignant hepatocytes and fully malignant HCC cells. The results provide valuable information about the gene expression alterations during the chronic process of liver cancer development. HCC in age-matched male mice were induced by DEN injection. Normal mouse hepatocyte, premalignant hepatocytes and fully malignant HCC were freshly isolated and RNA extracted.
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Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third most common cancer, originates from differentiated hepatocytes undergoing compensatory proliferation in livers damaged primarily by viruses or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)1,2. While increasing HCC risk3, NASH also induces TP53-dependent hepatocyte senescence4. How this tumor-suppressive response is activated but eventually bypassed to license HCC progression is unknown. We identified the gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) as a TP53 target, induced in senescent NASH hepatocytes but downregulated in most human HCCs. Initial FBP1 downregulation in disease-associated hepatocytes, whose accumulation precedes HCC development5, activates AKT to inhibits GSK3 substrate binding, thereby augmenting activation of NRF2 which accelerates FBP1 and TP53 degradation. Intrinsic NRF2 activation and FBP1 loss trigger overlapping transcriptomic responses that suppress senescence, enhance hepatocyte proliferation and metabolism, and enable NRAS- or NASH-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. This AKT-dependent metabolic switch, operative in mice and humans, controls NASH to HCC progression. Our results further suggest that NASH-related hepatocyte senescence is triggered by hypernutrition-induced single strand DNA breaks. Senescence reversal enables HCC progenitor expansion and somatic mutagenesis.
2024-07-15 | GSE240047 | GEO
Project description:Objective: Antigen-specific immunotherapy is a promising strategy to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and (HBV-related) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To facilitate killing of malignant and/or infected hepatocytes, it is vital to know which T cell targets are presented by HLA-I complexes on patient-derived hepatocytes. Here, we aimed to reveal the hepatocyte-specific HLA-I peptidome with emphasis on peptides derived from HBV proteins and tumor associated antigens (TAAs) to guide development of antigen-specific immunotherapy. Design: Primary human hepatocytes were isolated with high purity from (HBV infected) non-tumor and HCC tissues using a newly designed perfusion-free procedure. Subsequently, hepatocyte-derived HLA-bound peptides were identified by mass spectrometry after which source proteins were subjected to gene ontology and pathway analysis. Finally, all HBV-antigen and TAA-derived HLA-peptides were extracted and a selection was tested for immunogenicity. Results: We acquired a high quality HLA-I peptidome of 2x105 peptides, of which source proteins were associated with hepatocyte function. Importantly, we demonstrated HLA-I presentation of HBV-derived and TAA-derived peptides for the first time in immune cell-depleted primary liver cell isolates. The peptidome included 8 HBV-derived peptides and 14 peptides from 8 known HCC-associated TAAs that were exclusively identified in tumor eluates. Of these, immunogenicity was demonstrated for 5 HBV-derived and 3 TAA-derived peptides. Conclusion: We present a first HLA-I immunopeptidome of isolated primary human hepatocytes, devoid of immune cells. Our results directly aid development of antigen-specific immunotherapy for HBV infection and HCC. Described methodology can also be applied to personalize immunotherapeutic treatment of liver diseases in the future.
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Project description:Induction of hepatocyte senescence is known to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Until now, it has not been clear how the degree of liver injury dictates hepatocyte senescence and carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether the severity of injury determines cell fate decisions between hepatocyte senescence and carcinogenesis. After testing of different degrees of liver injury, we found that hepatocyte senescence is strongly induced in the setting of severe acute liver injury. Longer-term, moderate liver injury did not result into hepatocyte senescence, but instead led to a significant incidence of HCC. In addition, carcinogenesis was significantly reduced by the induction of severe acute injury after chronic moderate liver injury. We conclude that severe acute liver injury leads to hepatocyte senescence along with a low incidence of HCC, whereas chronic moderate injury allows hepatocytes to proliferate rather than to enter into senescence, and correlates with a high incidence of HCC. This study improves our understanding in hepatocyte cell fate decisions and suggests a potential clinical strategy to induce senescence to treat HCC.
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Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently characterized by metabolic and immune remodeling in the tumor microenvironment. We previously discovered that liver-specific deletion of fructose-1, 6-bisphphotase 1 (FBP1), a gluconeogenic enzyme ubiquitously suppressed in HCC tissues, promotes liver tumorigenesis, and induces metabolic and immune perturbations closely resembling human HCC. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we reported that FBP1-deficient livers exhibit diminished amounts of natural killer (NK) cells and accelerated tumorigenesis. Using the diethylnitrosamine-induced HCC mouse model, we analyzed potential changes in the immune cell populations purified from control and FBP1-depleted livers and found that NK cells were strongly suppressed. Mechanistically, FBP1 attenuation in hepatocytes derepresses an EZH2-dependent transcriptional program to inhibit PKLR expression. This leads to reduced levels of PKLR cargo proteins sorted into hepatocyte-derived EVs, dampened activity of EV-targeted NK cells, and accelerated liver tumorigenesis. Our study demonstrated that hepatic FBP1 depletion promotes HCC-associated immune remodeling, partly through the transfer of hepatocyte-secreted, PKLR-attenuated EVs to NK cells.
2023-03-11 | PXD026822 | Pride
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality, develops almost exclusively in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and advanced fibrosis. Here we interrogated functions of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), the main source of liver fibroblasts, during hepatocarcinogenPesis. Genetic depletion, activation or inhibition established HSC as tumour-promoting in mouse models of HCC. HSC were enriched in the preneoplastic environment, where they closely interacted with hepatocytes and modulated hepatocarcinogenesis by regulating hepatocyte proliferation and death. Analysis of mouse and human HSC subpopulations and their associated mediators by single cell RNA-sequencing in conjunction with genetic ablation revealed dual functions of HSC in hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatocyte growth factor, enriched in quiescent and cytokine-producing HSC (cyHSC), protected from hepatocyte death and HCC development. In contrast, type I collagen, enriched in activated myofibroblastic HSC (myHSC), promoted proliferation and tumour development via increased stiffness and TAZ activation in pretumoural hepatocytes and via activation of discoidin domain receptor 1 in established tumours. An increasing HSC dysbalance between cyHSC and myHSC during liver disease progression was associated with elevated HCC risk in patients. In summary, the dynamic shift of HSC subpopulations and their mediators during CLD is associated with a switch from HCC protection to HCC promotion.
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