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Effect of Aid deletion on the global DNA methylation status of iPS cells

ABSTRACT: It has been shown that DNA demethylation has a pivotal role in the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Previous reports indicated that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (Aid) is involved in DNA demethylation in several developmental processes and cell fusion-mediated reprogramming. Based on the reports, we hypothesized that Aid may be involved in DNA demethylation during the iPS cell generation. In this study, we examined the function of Aid in iPS cell generation using Aid knockout (Aid-/-) mice expressing a GFP reporter under the control of a pluripotent stem cell marker, Nanog. By the introduction of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, Nanog-GFP positive iPS cells could be generated from the fibroblasts and primary B cells of Aid-/- mice. The Aid-/- iPS cells showed normal proliferation and gave rise to chimeras, indicating their capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency. The comprehensive DNA methylation analysis by MBD-sequening demonstrated that there were only a few differences between Aid+/+ and Aid-/- iPS cells.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE52136 | GEO | 2014/04/10

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA227013

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Effect of Aid deletion on the global DNA methylation status of iPS cells

Project description:It has been shown that DNA demethylation has a pivotal role in the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Previous reports indicated that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (Aid) is involved in DNA demethylation in several developmental processes and cell fusion-mediated reprogramming. Based on the reports, we hypothesized that Aid may be involved in DNA demethylation during the iPS cell generation. In this study, we examined the function of Aid in iPS cell generation using Aid knockout (Aid-/-) mice expressing a GFP reporter under the control of a pluripotent stem cell marker, Nanog. By the introduction of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, Nanog-GFP positive iPS cells could be generated from the fibroblasts and primary B cells of Aid-/- mice. The Aid-/- iPS cells showed normal proliferation and gave rise to chimeras, indicating their capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency. The comprehensive DNA methylation analysis by MBD-sequening demonstrated that there were only a few differences between Aid+/+ and Aid-/- iPS cells. Aid+/+ and Aid-/- iPS colonies were generated from Aid+/+ and Aid-/- MEFs and picked up mechanically. The clones were passaged four times on feeder cells and two times on gelatin-coated dishes to exclude the contamination of feeder cells. Subsequently, the genome was isolated. Four Aid+/+ iPS cell clones and four Aid-/- iPS cell clones were compared. To confirm the validity of MBD-sequencing, four Aid+/+ iPS cell clones were compared with three ES cell clones or three Aid+/+ MEFs.

2014-04-10 | E-GEOD-52136 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effect of Aid deletion on the global gene expression iPS cells

Project description:It has been shown that DNA demethylation has a pivotal role in the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Previous reports indicated that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (Aid) is involved in DNA demethylation in several developmental processes and cell fusion-mediated reprogramming. Based on the reports, we hypothesized that Aid may be involved in DNA demethylation during the iPS cell generation. In this study, we examined the function of Aid in iPS cell generation using Aid knockout (Aid-/-) mice expressing a GFP reporter under the control of a pluripotent stem cell marker, Nanog. By the introduction of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, Nanog-GFP positive iPS cells could be generated from the fibroblasts and primary B cells of Aid-/- mice. The Aid-/- iPS cells showed normal proliferation and gave rise to chimeras, indicating their capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency. Microarray analysis demonstrated that the global gene expression of Aid-/- iPS cells was similar to that of Aid+/+ iPS cells. Aid+/+ and Aid-/- iPS colonies were generated from Aid+/+ and Aid-/- MEFs and picked up mechanically. The clones were passaged four times on feeder cells and two times on gelatin-coated dishes to exclude the contamination of feeder cells. Subsequently, the RNA was isolated. Six Aid+/+ iPS cell clones and six Aid-/- iPS cell clones were compared by microarray. Samples from Aid+/+ and Aid-/-iPS cells

2014-04-10 | E-GEOD-51955 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effect of Aid deletion on the global gene expression iPS cells

Project description:It has been shown that DNA demethylation has a pivotal role in the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Previous reports indicated that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (Aid) is involved in DNA demethylation in several developmental processes and cell fusion-mediated reprogramming. Based on the reports, we hypothesized that Aid may be involved in DNA demethylation during the iPS cell generation. In this study, we examined the function of Aid in iPS cell generation using Aid knockout (Aid-/-) mice expressing a GFP reporter under the control of a pluripotent stem cell marker, Nanog. By the introduction of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, Nanog-GFP positive iPS cells could be generated from the fibroblasts and primary B cells of Aid-/- mice. The Aid-/- iPS cells showed normal proliferation and gave rise to chimeras, indicating their capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency. Microarray analysis demonstrated that the global gene expression of Aid-/- iPS cells was similar to that of Aid+/+ iPS cells. Aid+/+ and Aid-/- iPS colonies were generated from Aid+/+ and Aid-/- MEFs and picked up mechanically. The clones were passaged four times on feeder cells and two times on gelatin-coated dishes to exclude the contamination of feeder cells. Subsequently, the RNA was isolated. Six Aid+/+ iPS cell clones and six Aid-/- iPS cell clones were compared by microarray.

2014-04-10 | GSE51955 | GEO

Generation of germ-line competent induced pluripotent stem cells

2007-06-07 | GSE7841 | GEO

Transcription profiling of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells

Project description:We have previously shown that pluripotent stem cells are induced from mouse fibroblasts by retroviral introduction of Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4, and subsequent selection for Fbx15 expression. These iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells are similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells in morphology, proliferation and teratoma formation. Fbx15-iPS cells, however, are different in gene expression and DNA methylation patterns and fail to produce adult chimeras. Here we show that selection for Nanog results in germ-line competent iPS cells, with more ES cell-like gene expression and DNA methylation patterns. The four transgenes were strongly silenced. We obtained adult chimeras from seven Nanog-iPS clones, with one clone transmitted through the germ-line to the next generation. Approximately 20% of the offspring developed tumors, where c-Myc transgene was reactivated. Thus iPS cells competent for germ-line chimeras can be obtained from fibroblasts, but retroviral introduction of c-Myc should be avoided for clinical application. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA from Fbx15-null MEF (duplicate), Fbx15-null ES cells (duplicate), Fbx15-iPS cells (clone MEF4-7, duplicate), or Nanog-iPS cells (clones 20D -2, 16, 17, and 18) were labeled with Cy3. Samples were hybridized to a Mouse Oligo Microarray (Agilent) according to the manufacturerâs protocol. Arrays were scanned with a G2565BA Microarray Scanner System (Agilent). Data were analyzed using GeneSprings GX software (Agilent). We excluded genes whose value fluctuated more than 2-fold between duplicated analyses.

2008-06-15 | E-GEOD-7841 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide erasure of DNA methylation in mouse primordial germ cells is affected by Aid deficiency

Project description:Epigenetic reprogramming including demethylation of DNA occurs in mammalian primordial germ cells (PGCs) and in early embryos, and is important for the erasure of imprints and epimutations, and the return to pluripotency. The extent of this reprogramming and its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We previously showed that the cytidine deaminases Aid and Apobec1 can deaminate 5-methylcytosine in vitro and in E coli, and in the mouse are expressed in tissues in which demethylation occurs. Here we profiled DNA methylation throughout the genome by unbiased bisulfite Next Generation Sequencing (BS-Seq) in wildtype and Aid deficient PGCs at E13.5. Wildtype PGCs revealed dramatic genome-wide erasure of methylation to a level below that of methylation deficient (Np95-/-) ES cells, with female PGCs being less methylated than male ones. By contrast, Aid deficient PGCs were up to three times more methylated than wildtype ones; this substantial difference occurred throughout the genome, with introns, intergenic regions and transposons being relatively more methylated than exons. Relative hypermethylation in Aid deficient PGCs was confirmed by analysis of individual loci in the genome. Our results reveal that erasure of DNA methylation in the germ line is a global process, hence limiting the potential for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Aid deficiency interferes with genome-wide erasure of DNA methylation patterns, suggesting that Aid has a critical function in epigenetic reprogramming and potentially in restricting the inheritance of epimutations in mammals. Comparison of methylation in wild-type and Aid deficient mouse tissues

2010-01-26 | E-GEOD-19960 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Global gene expression analysis in murine iPS cells derived with mouse and human Nanog orthologs

Project description:Nanog null neural stem (NS) cells were reprogrammed to naive pluripotency in 2i/LIF conditions with mouse (m) Nanog and human (h) Nanog. Global gene expression in resulting iPS cells was compared to embryonic stem (ES) cells and nanog null NS cells. Murine iPS cells derived with mouse nanog iPS and human nanog iPS and then compared to embryonic stem cells and nanog null neural stem cells (3 replicates each).

2011-10-23 | E-GEOD-32464 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Activation-induced deaminase is critical for the establishment of DNA methylation patterns prior to the germinal center reaction

Project description:Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates antibody diversification in germinal center B cells by deaminating cytosines, leading to somatic hypermutation and class-switch recombination. Loss-of-function mutations in AID lead to hyper-IgM syndrome type 2 (HIGM2), a rare human primary antibody deficiency. AID-mediated deamination has been proposed as leading to active demethylation of 5-methycytosines in the DNA, although evidence both supports and casts doubt on such a role. In this study, using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of HIGM2 B cells, we investigated direct AID involvement in active DNA demethylation. HIGM2 naïve and memory B cells both display widespread DNA methylation alterations, of which approximately 25% are attributable to active DNA demethylation. For genes that undergo active demethylation that is impaired in HIGM2 individuals, our analysis discards AID involvement. We demonstrate that the widespread alterations in the DNA methylation and expression profiles of HIGM2 naïve B cells result from premature overstimulation of the B-cell receptor prior to the germinal center reaction. Our data support a role for AID in B cell central tolerance in preventing the expansion of autoreactive cell clones, affecting the correct establishment of DNA methylation patterns.

2021-04-13 | GSE172011 | GEO

The DNA methylomes of hyper-IgM syndrome type 2 B cells provide insights into the roles of activation-induced deaminase prior to the germinal center reaction

Project description:Inactivating mutations in activation induced deaminase (AID) lead to hyper-IgM syndrome type 2 (HIGM2), a rare primary antibody deficiency. AID-mediated cytosine deamination has been proposed as mediating active demethylation, although there is evidence both to support and cast doubt on such a role. We here made use of HIGM2 B cells to investigate direct AID involvement in active DNA demethylation. HIGM2 naïve and memory B cells both display widespread DNA methylation defects. For genes that undergo demethylation in the transition from naïve to memory B cells but not in HIGM2 individuals, we did not observe AID involvement but a participation of TET enzymes. DNA methylation alterations in HIGM2 naïve B cells are related to premature overstimulation of the B-cell receptor prior to the germinal center reaction. Our data supports a role for AID in B cell central tolerance in preventing the expansion of autoreactive cell clones, affecting the correct establishment of DNA methylation patterns without involvement of its cytosine deaminase activity.

2020-12-31 | GSE134664 | GEO

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase induces DNA demethylation and expression of Ninjurin-2 gene

Project description:This study investigated the epigenetic role of AID induced by inflammation. AID, which binds to the promoter region of NINJ2, induces DNA demethylation. Thus, these findings suggest physiological roles of AID expression in colonic epithelial cells.

2024-06-30 | GSE271083 | GEO

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