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Real-time quantitative PCR analysis reveals high expression of activin A during NK-DC interactions

ABSTRACT: The interaction of natural killer (NK) cells with dendritic cells (DC) results in reciprocal cell activation through the interaction of membrane proteins and the release of soluble factors. Here we report that in NK-DC cocultures, among a set of 84 cytokines investigated, activin A was the second highest induced gene, with CXCL8 being the most upregulated one. Activin A is a member of the TGF-β superfamily and was previously shown to possess both pro- and antiinflammatory activities. In NK-DC cocultures, the induction of activin A required cell contact and was dependent on the presence of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e. IFN-γ, TNF-α and GM-CSF) as well as on NK cell-mediated DC killing. CD1+ DC were the main activin A producer cells among myeloid blood DC subsets. In NK-DC cocultures, inhibition of acitivn A by follistatin, a natural inhibitory protein, or by a specific blocking antibody, resulted in the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine release (i.e. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) by DC and in the increase of DC maturation. In conclusion, our study reports that activin A, produced during NK-DC interactions, represents a relevant negative feedback mechanism that might function to prevent excessive immune activation by DC.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE52306 | GEO | 2013/11/13

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA227367

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Real-time quantitative PCR analysis reveals high expression of activin A during NK-DC interactions

Project description:The interaction of natural killer (NK) cells with dendritic cells (DC) results in reciprocal cell activation through the interaction of membrane proteins and the release of soluble factors. Here we report that in NK-DC cocultures, among a set of 84 cytokines investigated, activin A was the second highest induced gene, with CXCL8 being the most upregulated one. Activin A is a member of the TGF-M-NM-2 superfamily and was previously shown to possess both pro- and antiinflammatory activities. In NK-DC cocultures, the induction of activin A required cell contact and was dependent on the presence of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e. IFN-M-NM-3, TNF-M-NM-1 and GM-CSF) as well as on NK cell-mediated DC killing. CD1+ DC were the main activin A producer cells among myeloid blood DC subsets. In NK-DC cocultures, inhibition of acitivn A by follistatin, a natural inhibitory protein, or by a specific blocking antibody, resulted in the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine release (i.e. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-M-NM-1) by DC and in the increase of DC maturation. In conclusion, our study reports that activin A, produced during NK-DC interactions, represents a relevant negative feedback mechanism that might function to prevent excessive immune activation by DC. Human CD14 positive monocytes were differentiated to DC in vitro in the presence of IL-4 (20 ng/ml) and GM-CSF (50 ng/ml) for 6 days. Immature DC were then cocultured with allogeneic IL-15-activated NK cells (at 1:1 NK:DC ratio) for 0, 2 and 6 hrs. RNA was obtained from three independent coculture experiments. Equal amount of total RNA from each experiment was pooled prior to gene expression analysis. The gene expression of common cytokines was quantified using an RT2 Profiler PCR Array (Qiagen).

2013-11-13 | E-GEOD-52306 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide expression study of the responses of murine NK cells and dendritic cell subsets after poly(I:C) injection

Project description:The injection of the pathogen-associated molecular pattern Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) leads to the activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and Natural Killer (NK) cells. This activation is due to different innate cytokines produced early after injection, in particular IFN-I. The objective of the study was to compare the pattern of expression of IFN-I stimulated genes between DC and NK cells. The project focused on a specific subset of conventional DC, CD8a DC, which responsiveness to IFN-I determines the capacity to activate CD8 T cells by cross-presentation of exogenous antigens. To identify the responses to IFN-I selectively induced in CD8a+ DC, we compared their gene expression profile to that of NK cells, using gene chips, before and after poly(I:C) stimulation. This study includes data from CD8a+ cDCs and NK cells purified by flow cytometry from the spleen of WT C57BL/6 mice, under steady-state conditions or 3 hours after administration of 100 ug poly(I:C) by intravenous injection. Two independent replicates were made for each cell type.

2012-10-17 | E-GEOD-39556 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide expression study of the responses of murine NK cells and dendritic cell subsets to MCMV infection

2012-10-17 | GSE39555 | GEO

Dendritic cell maturation by proinflammatory TNF or pathogenic Trypanosoma brucei antigens instruct similar T helper-2 cell responses in murine models of autoimmunity and asthma

Project description:Background Dendritic cells (DC) represent the major cell type leading to polarized T helper (Th) cell responses in vivo. The current data indicate that DC maturation under inflammatory conditions or by helminth infections induce only incomplete DC maturation bearing a partially tolerogenic potential. Such semi-mature DC promoted a Th2 profile with increasing proportions of regulatory IL-10 producing T cells (Tr-1) upon restimulation. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we asked whether the instruction of DC by the proinflammatory cytokine TNF is qualitatively different from maturation by two types of variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs) of Trypanosoma brucei. We tested differentially matured murine bone marrow (BM)-derived DC for changes in surface markers or cytokines, by microarray analyses, for their induction of Th2 responses and their capacity to influence the disease models asthma for Th2 immunity and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) for a Th1/Th17 response. Conclusions/Significance Together, our data suggest that the partial maturation signatures induced by TNF and VSG antigens are highly similar and result in comparable Th2/Tr1 profiles, effects on asthma and EAE. This is remarkable since the responses resulting from endogenous inflammatory TNF-receptor signals or exogenous pathogenic MyD88 ligands are comparable. total samples analysed are 5

2012-03-19 | E-GEOD-28231 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide expression study of the responses of murine NK cells and dendritic cell subsets to MCMV infection

Project description:Murine Cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection leads to the activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and Natural Killer (NK) cells. This activation is partly driven by innate cytokines including IFN-I, which are induced early after infection. The objective was to address the role of different innate cytokines in shaping DC subsets and NK cell responses, in particular the role of cell intrinsic responses to IFN-I. In order to decipher the specific impact of cell-intrinsic IFN-I on cell subsets, we performed a genome-wide expression analysis on CD45.1 WT and CD45.2 IFNAR-/- splenic conventional DC (cDC) subsets and NK cells isolated from C57BL/6 [CD45.1 WT / CD45.2 IFNAR-KO] mixed bone marow chimera mice. This study includes data from cDC subsets (CD8a and CD11b) and NK cells purified by flow cytometry sorting from the spleen of bone marrow chimera (BMC) mice, under steady-state or MCMV condition. Two independent replicates were made for each cell type, from two independent pools of spleens from uninfected or d1.5 MCMV-infected BMC 5-8 mice, and were hybridized on 3 separate batches of gene chips.

2012-10-17 | E-GEOD-39555 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Activin A and NK cell function

Project description:Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play a major role in immunosurveillance against tumor initiation and metastasis spread. Signals and checkpoints that regulate NK cell fitness and function in the tumor microenvironment are not well defined. Transforming grow factor (TGF)- is a recognized suppressor of NK cells that inhibits IL-15 dependent signaling events and induces cellular transdifferentiation, however the role of other SMAD signaling pathways in NK cells is unknown. We used a global, label-free proteomics approach to compare the protein expression profiles of NK cells in the presence of TGF-b or activin-A.

2020-04-06 | PXD011672 | Pride

Genome-wide expression study of the responses of murine NK cells and dendritic cell subsets after poly(I:C) injection

2012-10-17 | GSE39556 | GEO

Cellular senescence reprograms human NK cells to promote vascular remodeling

Project description:Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that participate in immune responses through their cytotoxic activity and secretion of cytokines and chemokines. They can be activated by interaction with ligands on target cells or by soluble mediators such as cytokines. In addition, soluble HLA-G, a major histocompatibility complex molecule secreted by fetal trophoblast cells during early pregnancy, stimulates resting NK cells to secrete proinflammatory and proangiogenic factors. Human NK cells are abundant in uterus, where they remain after implantation. Soluble HLA-G is endocytosed into early endosomes of NK cells where its receptor, CD158d, initiates a signaling cascade through DNA-PKcs, Akt and NF-kB3. The physiological relevance of this endosomal signaling pathway, and how the fate and function of NK cells during early pregnancy is regulated, is unknown. Here we show that soluble agonists of CD158d trigger DNA damage response signaling and p21 (CIP1/WAF1) expression to promote senescence in primary NK cells. CD158d engagement resulted in morphological alterations in cell size and shape, chromatin remodeling, and survival in the absence of proliferation, all hallmarks of senescence. Microarray analysis revealed a senescence signature of upregulated genes upon sustained activation through CD158d. The proinflammatory and proangiogenic factors secreted by these metabolically active NK cells are part of a senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that promoted tissue remodeling and angiogenesis as assessed by functional readouts of vascular permeability and endothelial cell tube formation. We propose that ligand-induced senescence is a molecular switch for the sustained activation of NK cells in response to soluble HLA-G for the purpose of remodeling the maternal vasculature in early pregnancy. Time series (4 hr, 16 hr, 64 hr) of NK cells treated with agonist (anti-CD158d mAb) or control. NK cells were from 4 donors.

2012-12-03 | E-GEOD-35330 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Dendritic cell maturation by proinflammatory TNF or pathogenic Trypanosoma brucei antigens instruct similar T helper-2 cell responses in murine models of autoimmunity and asthma

2012-03-19 | GSE28231 | GEO

Interleukins 12 and 15 induce cytotoxicity and early natural killer cell differentiation in type 3 innate lymphoid cells

Project description:Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) fulfill protective functions at mucosal surfaces via cytokine production. While their plasticity to become ILC1s, the innate counterparts of type 1 helper T cells, has been described previously, we report that they can differentiate into cytotoxic lymphocytes with many characteristics of early differentiated natural killer (NK) cells. This transition is promoted by the proinflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-15, and correlates with expression of the master transcription factor of cytotoxicity eomesodermin (Eomes). As revealed by transcriptome analysis and flow cytometric profiling, differentiated ILC3s express CD94, NKG2A, NKG2C, CD56 and CD16 among other NK cell receptors, and possess all components of the cytotoxic machinery. These characteristics allow them to recognize and kill leukemic cells. Therefore, ILC3s can be harnessed for cytotoxic responses via differentiation under the influence of proinflammatory cytokines.

2018-01-09 | GSE99246 | GEO

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