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A Cbx8-containing Polycomb complex facilitates gene activation during ES cell differentiation [ChIP-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Polycomb proteins play an essential role in maintaining the repression of developmental genes in self-renewing embryonic stem cells. The exact mechanism allowing the derepression of polycomb target genes during cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we show that several differentiation genes transiently recruit a Cbx8-containing Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 during their early activation. Depletion of Cbx8 partially impairs the transcriptional activation of these genes. This correlates with a reduction in low but detectable levels of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation. Prolonged gene activation results in eviction of PRC1 despite persisting H3K27me3. The composition of PRC1 is highly modular and changes when ES cells commit to differentiation. We further demonstrate that the exchange of Cbx7 for Cbx8 is required for the effective activation of differentiation genes. Taken together our results establish a function for a Cbx8-containing complex in facilitating the transition from a Polycomb-repressed chromatin state to an active state. As this affects several key regulatory differentiation genes this mechanism is likely to contribute to the robust execution of differentiation programs.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE54052 | GEO | 2014/11/04

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA234484

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A Cbx8-containing Polycomb complex facilitates gene activation during ES cell differentiation [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Polycomb proteins play an essential role in maintaining the repression of developmental genes in self-renewing embryonic stem cells. The exact mechanism allowing the derepression of polycomb target genes during cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we show that several differentiation genes transiently recruit a Cbx8-containing Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 during their early activation. Depletion of Cbx8 partially impairs the transcriptional activation of these genes. This correlates with a reduction in low but detectable levels of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation. Prolonged gene activation results in eviction of PRC1 despite persisting H3K27me3. The composition of PRC1 is highly modular and changes when ES cells commit to differentiation. We further demonstrate that the exchange of Cbx7 for Cbx8 is required for the effective activation of differentiation genes. Taken together our results establish a function for a Cbx8-containing complex in facilitating the transition from a Polycomb-repressed chromatin state to an active state. As this affects several key regulatory differentiation genes this mechanism is likely to contribute to the robust execution of differentiation programs. Examination of cbx8 in ES E14 mouse cells in 2 condition before and after 72h stimulation with retinoic acid compared with IgG

2014-11-04 | E-GEOD-54052 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A Cbx8-containing Polycomb complex facilitates gene activation during ES cell differentiation [Agilent Array]

2014-11-04 | GSE54051 | GEO

A Cbx8-containing Polycomb complex facilitates gene activation during ES cell differentiation [Agilent Array]

Project description:Polycomb proteins play an essential role in maintaining the repression of developmental genes in self-renewing embryonic stem cells. The exact mechanism allowing the derepression of polycomb target genes during cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we show that several differentiation genes transiently recruit a Cbx8-containing Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 during their early activation. Depletion of Cbx8 partially impairs the transcriptional activation of these genes. This correlates with a reduction in low but detectable levels of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation. Prolonged gene activation results in eviction of PRC1 despite persisting H3K27me3. The composition of PRC1 is highly modular and changes when ES cells commit to differentiation. We further demonstrate that the exchange of Cbx7 for Cbx8 is required for the effective activation of differentiation genes. Taken together our results establish a function for a Cbx8-containing complex in facilitating the transition from a Polycomb-repressed chromatin state to an active state. As this affects several key regulatory differentiation genes this mechanism is likely to contribute to the robust execution of differentiation programs. Four biological replicates were used for each condition (untreated and after 72h of retinoic acid stimulation) and samples were prepared and hybridized to SurePrint G3 Gene Expression Microarrays (Agilent technologies) following the supplier's instructions. Analyses were essentially performed as described (Uribesalgo et al. 2011) selecting differentially expressed probes with a FDR of 0.05 and fold change of > 1.5.

2014-11-04 | E-GEOD-54051 | biostudies-arrayexpress

REPROGRAMMING CBX8-PRC1 FUNCTION WITH A POSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR

Project description:Canonical targeting of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) to repress developmental genes is mediated by cell type-specific, paralogous chromobox (CBX) proteins (CBX2, 4, 6, 7 and 8). Based on their central role in silencing and their dysregulation associated with human disease including cancer, CBX proteins are attractive targets for small molecule chemical probe development. Here, we have used a quantitative and target-specific cellular assay to discover a potent positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of CBX8. The PAM activity of UNC7040 antagonizes H3K27me3 binding by CBX8 while increasing interactions with nucleic acids. We show that treatment with UNC7040 leads to efficient and selective eviction of CBX8-containing PRC1 from chromatin, loss of silencing and reduced proliferation across different cancer cell lines. Our discovery and characterization of UNC7040 not only reveals the most cellularly potent CBX8-specific chemical probe to date, but also corroborates a mechanism of Polycomb regulation by non-specific CBX nucleotide binding activity.

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A Cbx8-containing Polycomb complex facilitates gene activation during ES cell differentiation

Project description:A Cbx8-containing Polycomb complex facilitates gene activation during ES cell differentiation

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Project description:The polycomb group protein, CBX8, is a neuron-specific component of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) in the adult olfactory epithelium. We performed ChIP-seq to identify genes occupied by CBX8-PRC1.

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Polycomb Cbx orthologs mediate the balance between Hematopoietic Stem Cell self-renewal and differentiation

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Polycomb Cbx orthologs mediate the balance between Hematopoietic Stem Cell self-renewal and differentiation

Project description:By genome-wide ChIP-seq analyses we show that Cbx7 and Cbx8 share ~95% of their targets in bone marrow cells. Cbx7 and Cbx8 have only ~200 targets that are not overlapping between the two proteins. These distinct Cbx7 and Cbx8 targets show reciprocal expression patterns along hematopoietic differentiation. Overexpression of empty vector (negative control), flag-Cbx7 and flag-Cbx8 in 5-FU treated bone marrow cells (progenitor and stem cells), followed by 1 week culture and subsequent ChIP using flag-M2 agarose beads.

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