Genome-wide analysis of vascular smooth muscle cells treated by etonogestrel (ETO), medroxyprogesterone acetate (M) or progesterone (P)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE55736 | GEO | 2014/03/11
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA240877
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Analysis of long-acting progestin-only contraceptive (LAPC)-mediated differential gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We tested the hypothesis that LAPCs influence expression of several common genes associated with differentiation, survival and migration of VMSCs. Results provide important information of several common and unique gene expression profiles in cultured VSMC treated with ETO, M or P. Among ETO and M responsive genes, up- or down-regulated common genes were determined and used further confirmation and in vitro functional analyses. Total RNA (n=3) obtained from cultured aortic VSMCs treated with vehicle only (CON) or ETO or M or P for 6h.
2014-03-11 | E-GEOD-55736 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Molecular mechanisms responsible for abnormal endometrial vasculature in women receiving long-acting progestin-only contraceptives (LAPCs) are unknown. We hypothesize that LAPCs impairs vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and pericyte proliferation and/or migration producing thin-walled hyperdilated fragile microvessels prone to bleeding. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and alpha smooth muscle actin (aSMA) double-immunohistochemistry assessed VSMC differentiation and proliferation in endometria from women pre- and postDepoProvera (Depo) treatment and from oophorectomized guinea pigs (OVX-GPs) treated with vehicle, estradiol (E2), medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or E2+MPA pellets. After treating cultured VSMCs with MPA or etonogestrel (ETO), whole genome profiling, proliferation and migration assays were performed. Endometrial vasculature of Depo-administered women displayed reduced M-DM-.SMA immunoreactivity and fewer PCNA (+) nuclei among aSMA (+) cells (P<0.008). Microarray analysis of VSMCs identified several MPA and ETO-altered transcripts regulated by STAT1 signaling (p<2.22x10-6), including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). Both MPA and ETO reduced VSMC proliferation and migration (p<0.001), recombinant CCL2 reversed this progestin inhibition, and, in turn, a STAT1 inhibitor abolished these CCL2 effects. Similarly, the endometria of MPA treated OVX-GPs displayed decreased aSMA staining and fewer PCNA (+) nuclei in VSMC (p<0.005). In conclusion, LAPCs promote abnormal endometrial vessel formation by inhibiting VSMC proliferation and migration. Total RNA (n=3) obtained from cultured TDCs incubated 6h with estradiol or estradio + medroxyprogesterone acetate with or without 1 ng/ml IL-1M-NM-2 for 6h.
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Project description:To investigate progestin resistance in endometrial cancer ,we examined the changes in gene expression before and after development of acquired MPA resistance. Results provide insight into molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance to MPA in endometrial cancer.
2019-12-31 | GSE121367 | GEO
Project description:Use of long-acting progestin-only contraceptives (LAPCs) offers a discrete and highly effective family planning method. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the major side effect of, and cause for, discontinuation of LAPCs. The endometria of LAPC-treated women display abnormally enlarged, fragile blood vessels, decreased endometrial blood flow and oxidative stress. To understand the mechanisms underlying AUB, we propose to identify LAPC-modulated unique gene cluster(s) in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). Protein and RNA isolated from cultured HESCs treated 7 days with estradiol (E2) or E2+medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or E2+ etonogestrel (ETO) or E2+progesterone (P4) were analyzed by q-PCR and immunoblotting. HSCORES were determined for immunostained-paired endometria of pre-and 3 months post-Depo-Provera (Depo) treated women (n=6) and ovariectomized guinea pigs (GPs; n=12) treated with placebo or E2 or MPA or E2+MPA for 21 days. In HESCs, whole genome analysis identified a 67-gene group regulated by all three progestins, whereas a 235-gene group was regulated by E2+ETO and E2+MPA, but not E2+P4. Ingenuity pathway analysis identified glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation as an upstream regulator of the 235 LAPCMPA and ETO-specific genes. Among these, microarray results demonstrated significant enhancement of FKBP51, a repressor of PR/GR transcriptional activity, by both LAPCsMPA and ETO. q-PCR and immunoblot analysis confirmed the microarray results. In endometria of post-Depo versus pre-Depo administered women, FKBP51 expression was significantly increased in endometrial stromal and glandular cells. In GPs, E2+MPA or MPA significantly increased FKBP51 immunoreactivity in endometrial stromal and glandular cells versus placebo- and E2-administered groups. LAPC MPA or ETO administration activates GR signaling and increases endometrial FKBP51 expression, which could be one of the mechanisms causing AUB by inhibiting feeds back to inhibit PR- and GR-mediated transcription. The resultant PR- and/or GR-mediated functional withdrawal may contribute to associated endometrial inflammation, aberrant angiogenesis, and bleeding.
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Project description:Loss of contractility and acquisition of an epithelial phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are key events in proliferative vascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis and post-angioplastic restenosis. There is no proper cell culture system allowing VSMC differentiation so that it is difficult to delineate the molecular mechanism responsible for proliferative vasculopathy. We investigated whether a micro-patterned substrate could restore the contractile phenotype of VSMCs in vitro. To induce and maintain the differentiated VSMC phenotype in vitro, we introduced a micro-patterned groove substrate to modulate the morphology and function of VSMCs.
2013-11-14 | E-MTAB-1888 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysregulation is a hallmark of vascular disease, including atherosclerosis. In particular, the majority of cells within atherosclerotic lesions are generated from pre-existing VSMCs and a clonal nature has been documented for VSMC-derived cells in multiple disease models. However, the mechanisms underlying the generation of oligoclonal lesions and the phenotype of proliferating VSMCs are unknown.Here we analyse clonal dynamics in multi-color lineage-traced animals over time after vessel injury to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying clonal VSMC expansion in disease.We demonstrate that VSMC proliferation is initiated in a small fraction of VSMCs that initially expand clonally in the medial layer and then migrate to form the oligoclonal neointima. Selective activation of VSMC proliferation also occurs in vitro, suggesting that this is a cell-autonomous feature. Mapping of VSMC trajectories using single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals a continuum of cellular states after injury and suggests that VSMC proliferation initiates in cells that have downregulated the contractile phenotype and show evidence of pronounced phenotypic switching. We show that proliferation is associated with induced expression of stem cell antigen 1 (SCA1) and the expression signature previously identified in SCA1+ VSMCs in healthy arteries. A remarkably increased proliferation of SCA1+ VSMCs, directly validated in functional assays, indicates that SCA1+ VSMCs act as "first responders" in vascular injury. Early atherosclerotic lesions also had clonal VSMC contribution and we show that the proliferation-associated injury response is conserved in plaque VSMCs, extending these findings to atherosclerosis. Finally, we identify VSMCs in healthy human arteries that correspond to the SCA1+ state in mouse VSMCs and show that genes identified as differentially expressed in this human VSMC subpopulation are enriched for genes showing genetic association with cardiovascular disease. We show that cell-intrinsic, selective VSMC activation drives clonal proliferation after injury and in atherosclerosis. Our study suggests that healthy mouse and human arteries contain VSMCs characterised by expression of disease-associated genes that are predisposed for proliferation. Targeting such "first responder" cells in patients undergoing vascular surgery could effectively prevent injury-associated VSMC activation and neoatherosclerosis.
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Project description:Somatic rearrangements of transcription factors are common abnormalities in the acute leukemias. With rare exception, however, the resultant protein products have remained largely intractable as pharmacologic targets. One example is AML1-ETO, the most common translocation reported in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To identify AML1-ETO modulators, we screened a small molecule library using a chemical genomic approach. Gene expression signatures were used as surrogates for the expression versus loss of the translocation in AML1-ETO-expressing cells. The top classes of compounds that scored in this screen were corticosteroids and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitors. In addition to modulating the AML1-ETO signature, both classes induced evidence of differentiation, dramatically inhibited cell viability, and ultimately induced apoptosis via on-target activity. Furthermore, AML1-ETO-expressing cell lines were exquisitely sensitive to the effects of corticosteroids on cellular viability compared with nonexpressers. The corticosteroids diminished AML1-ETO protein in AML cells in a proteasome- and glucocorticoid receptor-dependent manner. Moreover, these molecule classes demonstrated synergy in combination with standard AML chemotherapy agents and activity in an orthotopic model of AML1-ETO-positive AML. This work suggests a role for DHFR inhibitors and corticosteroids in treating patients with AML1-ETO-positive disease.
2016-12-08 | GSE91002 | GEO
Project description:The use of the hormonal contraceptive DMPA has been associated with a moderate increase in sexually transmitted infections, including HIV-1. To better understand the biological mechanisms behind this phenomenon, we report here the use of mRNA-sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq2000 of vaginal epithelial cells from women using DMPA or controls. We found that women using DMPA demonstrate over 330-fold decrease in the anti-microbial peptide human beta defensin 3 (HBD3) and massive downregulation of genes involved in structural integrity, barrier function, and wound healing. CXCL6, CXCL1, and IL-1B among other inflammatory genes were up-regulated in the tissue of DMPA users compared to controls. Overall, these results demonstrate significant differences in basic epithelial functions following DMPA use.
2016-04-23 | GSE68229 | GEO
Project description:Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) show pronounced heterogeneity across and within vascular beds, with direct implications for their function in injury response and atherosclerosis. Here we combine single-cell transcriptomics with lineage tracing to examine VSMC heterogeneity in healthy mouse vessels. The transcriptional profiles of single VSMCs consistently reflect their region-specific developmental history and show heterogeneous expression of vascular disease-associated genes involved in inflammation, adhesion and migration. We detect a rare population of VSMC-lineage cells that express the multipotent progenitor marker Sca1, progressively downregulate contractile VSMC genes and upregulate genes associated with VSMC response to inflammation and growth factors. We find that Sca1 upregulation is a hallmark of VSMCs undergoing phenotypic switching in vitro and in vivo, and reveal an equivalent population of Sca1-positive VSMC-lineage cells in atherosclerotic plaques. Together, our analyses identify disease-relevant transcriptional signatures in VSMC-lineage cells in healthy blood vessels, with implications for disease susceptibility, diagnosis and prevention.
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Project description:Background: Ectopic vascular calcifications represent a major clinical problem associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, the mechanisms underlying pathological vascular calcifications are largely unknown hampering the development of therapies to tackle this life threatening medical condition. Results: In order to gain insight into the genes and mechanisms driving this pathological calcification process we analyzed the transcriptional profile of calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells (C-VSMCs). These profiles were compared to differentiating osteoblasts, cells that constitute their physiological calcification counterparts in the body. Overall the transcriptional program of C-VSMC and osteoblasts did not overlap. Several genes, some of them relevant for bone formation, were distinctly modulated by C-VSMCs which did not necessarily lose their smooth muscle cell markers while calcifying. Bioinformatics gene clustering and correlation analysis disclosed limited bone-related mechanisms being shared by two cell types. Extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomineralization genes represented common denominators between pathological vascular and physiological bone calcifications. These genes constitute the strongest link between these cells and represent potential drivers for their shared end-point phenotype. Conclusions: the analyses support the hypothesis that VSMC trans-differentiate into C-VSMCs keeping their own identity while using mechanisms that osteoblasts use to mineralize. The data provide novel insights into groups of genes and biological processes shared in MSC and VSMC osteogenic differentiation. The distinct gene regulation between C-VSMC and osteoblasts might hold clues to find cell-specific pathway modulations, opening the possibility to tackle undesired vascular calcifications without disturbing physiologic bone formation and vice versa. Total RNA obtained from hMSC and hVSMC cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium supplemented with 1.8 mM Ca2+ for 0, 2, 8, 12 or 25 days respectively. For each timepoint 3 replicates were used, with exception for day 0 where 4 replicates were collected.
2014-10-10 | E-GEOD-37558 | biostudies-arrayexpress