Peri-adolescent high-fructose diet effects on hypothalamic transcriptome
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE56238 | GEO | 2015/03/25
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA242679
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The crucial role of nutrition for cerebral health and the impact of dietary habits on brain structure and function have been long far recognized. To date a major health concern is associated with the increased consumption of fructose as added sugar in many types of drinks and processed foods, especially among young people. High-fructose intake has been pointed out as the possible culprit for the raised incidence of chronic diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabete. Further, it has been reported that high-fructose intake is associated with the over-activation of its cerebral metabolism, which was proposed to negatively impact on whole brain physiology and cognitive function. Notably, we previously reported that short-term fructose-rich diet induces mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in hippocampus of young rats, as well as the imbalance of redox homeostasis, autophagic mechanisms and representation of synaptic markers in frontal cortex of both adult and young rats. Animal studies have also revealed the damaging effect of high-fructose diets on hippocampal functions during periods of neurocognitive development, such as childhood and adolescence. Hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining whole body homeostasis. Long-term fructose overfeeding was reported to alter hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, leading to elevations in glucocorticoids in peri-adolescent rats [22]. Further, fructose overconsumption was associated with impairment of hypothalamic insulin signalling, oxidative stress and inflammation , and it was proposed that fructose-driven perturbations of hypothalamic function may compromise the potential for satiety, thereby increasing the prospect of developing obesity. Data currently available on hypothalamic dysfunctions related to a high-fructose diet essentially refer to the effects of long-term sugar feeding, while information on corresponding alterations associated with a short-term dietary treatment, particularly in the critical period of adolescence, is still lacking. Due to complexity and multiplicity of hypothalamic functions, there is also the need for a holistic characterization aimed at unveiling the general picture of hypothalamic dysfunctions associated with a high-fructose diet. To fill this gap, we investigated adolescent rats fed a fructose-rich or control diet, for 3 weeks. To verify whether the fructose-driven changes are rescued after the switch to a control diet, half of the rats from both animal groups were then fed a control diet for additional 3 weeks until young adulthood phase. Quantitative proteomics on hypothalamic extracts of all animal groups was used to identify molecular alterations triggered by fructose-rich diet and to obtain insights into the relationship between sugar feeding and possible dysfunctions of hypothalamus.
2023-03-11 | PXD038834 | Pride
Project description:Excessive fructose consumption causes fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis, conditions that elevate liver cancer risk. Although fructose was documented to cause metabolic abnormalities and microbial dysbiosis, whether and how it triggers liver tumorigenesis was unknown. We now describe a mouse model in which fructose acts as a carcinogen, giving rise to intestinal dysbiosis and translocation of inflammation-evoking microbial products that reach the liver via the portal circulation. These inflammatory stimuli initiate hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Genetic enhancement of epithelial barrier integrity and microbiota depletion with broad spectrum antibiotics prevent fructose-induced steatosis and liver cancer.
2020-03-30 | GSE119080 | GEO
Project description:Excessive consumption of beverages sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is associated with obesity and with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Whether HFCS contributes directly to tumorigenesis is unclear. We investigated the effects of daily oral administration of HFCS in APC mutant mice, which are predisposed to develop intestinal tumors. The HFCS-treated mice showed a dramatic increase in tumor size and tumor grade in the absence of obesity or metabolic syndrome. HFCS increased the levels of fructose and glucose in the intestinal lumen and serum, respectively, and the tumors absorbed both sugars. Within the tumors, fructose was converted to fructose-1-phosphate, leading to activation of glycolysis and increased synthesis of fatty acids that support tumor growth. These mouse studies support the hypothesis that the combination of dietary glucose and fructose, even at a moderate dose, can enhance tumorigenesis.
2019-03-29 | GSE126858 | GEO
Project description:In the analysis of a carbohydrate metabolite pathway, we found that a mutant strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum deficient in pfkB1, which encodes fructose-1-phosphate kinase, showed interesting characteristics. After aerobically cultivated with fructose as a carbon source, this mutant consumed glucose and produced lactate more than 2-fold as compared with the wild-type under conditions of oxygen deprivation. This considerably higher fermentation capacity was unique for the combination of the pfkB1 deletion and fructose cultivation. On the basis of the metabolome and transcriptome analyses, we identified marked intracellular accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate and significant upregulation of several genes related to the phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system, glycolysis, and organic acid synthesis in this strain. Therefore, the considerably enhanced glucose consumption and organic acid production presumably resulted from a relief of transcriptional repression driven by global regulator SugR owing to the accumulated fructose-1-phosphate. Furthermore, we demonstrated that engineered strains overexpressing the above upregulated genes showed enhanced glucose consumption and organic acid production. The ppc deletion mutant of the engineered strain consumed 1,250 mM glucose and produced 2,390 mM lactate in 48 h under oxygen deprivation, which are 2.6- and 2.7-fold higher than the corresponding parameters of the ppc-deleted wild-type.
2016-11-28 | GSE83383 | GEO
Project description:The escalating prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses significant risks to type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. High fructose intake has emerged as an environmental risk for MetS and the associated metabolic diseases. To examine inter-individual variability in MetS susceptibility in response to fructose consumption, here we fed three inbred mouse strains, namely C57BL/6J (B6), DBA (DBA) and FVB/NJ (FVB) with 8% fructose in drinking water for 12 weeks. We found that fructose-fed DBA mice had significantly higher amount of body weight, adiposity, and glucose intolerance starting from the 4th week of fructose feeding compared to the control group, while B6 and FVB showed no differences in these phenotypes over the course of fructose feeding. In addition, elevated insulin levels were found in fructose-fed DBA and FVB mice, and cholesterol levels were uniquely elevated in B6 mice. To explore the molecular underpinnings of the observed distinct phenotypic responses among strains, we applied RNA sequencing to investigate the effect of fructose on the transcriptional profiles of liver and hypothalamus tissues, revealing strain- and tissue-specific patterns of transcriptional and pathway perturbations. Strain-specific liver pathways altered by fructose include fatty acid and cholesterol metabolic pathways for B6 and PPAR signaling for DBA. In hypothalamus tissue, only B6 showed significantly enriched pathways such as protein folding, pancreatic secretion, and fatty acid beta-oxidation. Using network modeling, we predicted potential strain-specific key regulators of fructose response such as Fgf21 (DBA) and Lss (B6) in liver, and Fmod (B6) in hypothalamus. We validated strain-biased responses of Fgf21 and Lss to fructose in primary hepatocytes. Our findings support that fructose perturbs different tissue networks and pathways in genetically diverse mice and associates with distinct features of metabolic dysfunctions. These results highlight individualized molecular and metabolic responses to fructose consumption and may help guide the development of personalized strategies against fructose-induced MetS.
2019-12-03 | GSE123894 | GEO
Project description:The escalating prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses significant risks to type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. High fructose intake has emerged as an environmental risk for MetS and the associated metabolic diseases. To examine inter-individual variability in MetS susceptibility in response to fructose consumption, here we fed three inbred mouse strains, namely C57BL/6J (B6), DBA (DBA) and FVB/NJ (FVB) with 8% fructose in drinking water for 12 weeks. We found that fructose-fed DBA mice had significantly higher amount of body weight, adiposity, and glucose intolerance starting from the 4th week of fructose feeding compared to the control group, while B6 and FVB showed no differences in these phenotypes over the course of fructose feeding. In addition, elevated insulin levels were found in fructose-fed DBA and FVB mice, and cholesterol levels were uniquely elevated in B6 mice. To explore the molecular underpinnings of the observed distinct phenotypic responses among strains, we applied RNA sequencing to investigate the effect of fructose on the transcriptional profiles of liver and hypothalamus tissues, revealing strain- and tissue-specific patterns of transcriptional and pathway perturbations. Strain-specific liver pathways altered by fructose include fatty acid and cholesterol metabolic pathways for B6 and PPAR signaling for DBA. In hypothalamus tissue, only B6 showed significantly enriched pathways such as protein folding, pancreatic secretion, and fatty acid beta-oxidation. Using network modeling, we predicted potential strain-specific key regulators of fructose response such as Fgf21 (DBA) and Lss (B6) in liver, and Fmod (B6) in hypothalamus. We validated strain-biased responses of Fgf21 and Lss to fructose in primary hepatocytes. Our findings support that fructose perturbs different tissue networks and pathways in genetically diverse mice and associates with distinct features of metabolic dysfunctions. These results highlight individualized molecular and metabolic responses to fructose consumption and may help guide the development of personalized strategies against fructose-induced MetS.
2019-12-03 | GSE123893 | GEO
Project description:The escalating prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses significant risks to type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. High fructose intake has emerged as an environmental risk for MetS and the associated metabolic diseases. To examine inter-individual variability in MetS susceptibility in response to fructose consumption, here we fed three inbred mouse strains, namely C57BL/6J (B6), DBA (DBA) and FVB/NJ (FVB) with 8% fructose in drinking water for 12 weeks. We found that fructose-fed DBA mice had significantly higher amount of body weight, adiposity, and glucose intolerance starting from the 4th week of fructose feeding compared to the control group, while B6 and FVB showed no differences in these phenotypes over the course of fructose feeding. In addition, elevated insulin levels were found in fructose-fed DBA and FVB mice, and cholesterol levels were uniquely elevated in B6 mice. To explore the molecular underpinnings of the observed distinct phenotypic responses among strains, we applied RNA sequencing to investigate the effect of fructose on the transcriptional profiles of liver and hypothalamus tissues, revealing strain- and tissue-specific patterns of transcriptional and pathway perturbations. Strain-specific liver pathways altered by fructose include fatty acid and cholesterol metabolic pathways for B6 and PPAR signaling for DBA. In hypothalamus tissue, only B6 showed significantly enriched pathways such as protein folding, pancreatic secretion, and fatty acid beta-oxidation. Using network modeling, we predicted potential strain-specific key regulators of fructose response such as Fgf21 (DBA) and Lss (B6) in liver, and Fmod (B6) in hypothalamus. We validated strain-biased responses of Fgf21 and Lss to fructose in primary hepatocytes. Our findings support that fructose perturbs different tissue networks and pathways in genetically diverse mice and associates with distinct features of metabolic dysfunctions. These results highlight individualized molecular and metabolic responses to fructose consumption and may help guide the development of personalized strategies against fructose-induced MetS.
2019-12-03 | GSE123875 | GEO
Project description:Elevated fructose consumption has been associated with metabolic and renal diseases. It is controversial whether kidney problems are a result of systemic metabolic disease or stem, at least in part, from changes due to local fructose metabolism. To study the short-term effect of fructose on genetic programs in renal proximal tubules, the diet for rats in experimental groups was supplemented for 7 days with 20% fructose in the drinking water. Two sets of 8 rats each on different baseline rodent diets were used in this study. 4 animals of each set received fructose in the drinking water while the other 4 served as controls. Animals were sacrificed after the experimental period of 7 days and slices of superficial kidney cortex were used for total RNA extraction. The RNA was analyzed with Affymetrix RaGene-2_0-st.
2017-08-26 | GSE103110 | GEO
Project description:To decipher the beneficial effects of Polyphenols on health, healthy volunteers were randomized into two groups and were submitted to either a red grape polyphenol rich extract supplemented diet (PP) or a placebo diet (PCB) during 8 weeks. Then they were submitted to a fructose load (3g/kg Fat Free Mass/day) during 7 days. Muscle biopsies were taken before the protocol, 8 weeks after PP or PCB diet and after the 7 days fructose load. We have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify genes regulated by fructose and to identify the mechanism of action of Polyphenols. Healthy volunteers were randomized into two groups and were submitted to either a red grape polyphenol rich extract supplemented diet (PP) or a placebo diet (PCB) during 8 weeks. Then they were submitted to a fructose load (3g/kg Fat Free Mass/day) during 7 days. Muscle biopsies were taken before the protocol, 8 weeks after PP or PCB diet and after the 7 days fructose load. We have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify genes regulated by fructose and to identify the mechanism of action of Polyphenols. Ten biological replicates were processed for PP diet, nine for PCB diet.
2013-02-04 | E-GEOD-35764 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This proposed study is designed to investigate the specific uptake of fructose by human colorectal tumors. In this study, subjects with colorectal cancer undergoing surgery will receive an oral sugar solution containing fructose or xylose prior to surgery. The tumor will then be resected, and a portion of the tissue will be used to measure the abundance of fructose and xylose. The study hypothesis is that the tumors will take up fructose sugar but not xylose sugar. A comparison of the sugar uptake between the tumor and normal tissues from the adjacent intestinal epithelium and smooth muscle and the liver will be conducted. This proposal will confirm that human colorectal cancer tumors can directly absorb dietary sugars, which has never been demonstrated.
| 2396702 | ecrin-mdr-crc