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Characterization of extended transcripts by RNA-Seq suggests that Rrp6 influences Nrd1-dependent termination

ABSTRACT: RNAPII is responsible for transcription of protein-coding genes and short, regulatory RNAs. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, termination of RNAPII-transcribed RNAs ≤1000 bases requires the NNS complex (comprised of Nrd1, Nab3, and Sen1) processing by the exosome, and the nuclear specific catalytic subunit, Rrp6. It has been shown that Rrp6 interacts directly with Nrd1, but whether or not Rrp6 is required for NNS-dependent termination is unclear. Loss of Rrp6 function may result in extension (or inhibition of termination) of NNS-dependent transcripts, or Rrp6 may only function after the fact to carry out RNA 3’ end processing. Here, we performed in-depth differential expression analyses and compare RNA-sequencing data of transcript length and abundance in cells lacking RRP6 to previously published sequencing data measuring the length of RNAs in Nrd1-depleted cells. We find many transcripts that were defined as unterminated upon loss of Nrd1 activity are of similar length in rrp6Δ, and expression levels of downstream genes are significantly decreased. This suggests a similar transcription interference mechanism occurs in cells lacking either Nrd1 or Rrp6, supporting the hypothesis that Rrp6 activity is required for proper NNS termination in vivo.

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE57155 | GEO | 2015/04/14

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA245806

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Characterization of extended transcripts by RNA-Seq suggests that Rrp6 influences Nrd1-dependent termination

Project description:RNAPII is responsible for transcription of protein-coding genes and short, regulatory RNAs. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, termination of RNAPII-transcribed RNAs ≤1000 bases requires the NNS complex (comprised of Nrd1, Nab3, and Sen1) processing by the exosome, and the nuclear specific catalytic subunit, Rrp6. It has been shown that Rrp6 interacts directly with Nrd1, but whether or not Rrp6 is required for NNS-dependent termination is unclear. Loss of Rrp6 function may result in extension (or inhibition of termination) of NNS-dependent transcripts, or Rrp6 may only function after the fact to carry out RNA 3’ end processing. Here, we performed in-depth differential expression analyses and compare RNA-sequencing data of transcript length and abundance in cells lacking RRP6 to previously published sequencing data measuring the length of RNAs in Nrd1-depleted cells. We find many transcripts that were defined as unterminated upon loss of Nrd1 activity are of similar length in rrp6Δ, and expression levels of downstream genes are significantly decreased. This suggests a similar transcription interference mechanism occurs in cells lacking either Nrd1 or Rrp6, supporting the hypothesis that Rrp6 activity is required for proper NNS termination in vivo. Four biological replicates each for deletion mutant (RRP6) and reference cells (WT)

2015-04-14 | E-GEOD-57155 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The Nrd1-like protein Seb1 coordinates co-transcriptional 3â end processing and polyadenylation site selection

Project description:Termination of RNAPII transcription is associated with RNA 3â end formation. For coding genes, termination is initiated by the cleavage/polyadenylation machinery. In contrast, a majority of noncoding transcription events in S. cerevisiae do not rely on RNA cleavage for termination, but instead terminate via a pathway that requires the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 (NNS) complex. Here we show that the S. pombe ortholog of Nrd1, Seb1, does not function in NNS-like termination, but promotes polyadenylation site selection of coding and noncoding genes. We found that Seb1 associates with 3â end processing factors, is enriched at the 3â end of genes, and binds RNA motifs downstream of cleavage sites. Importantly, a deficiency in Seb1 resulted in widespread changes in 3â UTR length as a consequence of increased alternative polyadenylation. Given that Seb1 levels affected the recruitment of conserved 3â end processing factors, our findings indicate that the conserved RNA-binding protein Seb1 co-transcriptionally controls alternative polyadenylation. Two biological replicates of Seb1 and Control (parental strain) CRAC experiments

2016-07-22 | E-GEOD-82326 | biostudies-arrayexpress

High-resolution mapping of budding yeast Nab3, Nrd1, and RNA polymerase II by CRAC in wild-type and rrp6∆ strains.

Project description:We obtained Nab3, Nrd1, and RNA polymerase II occupancy profiles across the genome of S.cerevisiae in wild-type and rrp6∆ strains. This allowed us to determine the impact of defective nuclear exosome on NNS-dependent transcription termination.

2020-07-24 | GSE137881 | GEO

The Nrd1-like protein Seb1 coordinates co-transcriptional 3’ end processing and polyadenylation site selection

Project description:Termination of RNAPII transcription is associated with RNA 3’ end formation. For coding genes, termination is initiated by the cleavage/polyadenylation machinery. In contrast, a majority of noncoding transcription events in S. cerevisiae do not rely on RNA cleavage for termination, but instead terminate via a pathway that requires the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 (NNS) complex. Here we show that the S. pombe ortholog of Nrd1, Seb1, does not function in NNS-like termination, but promotes polyadenylation site selection of coding and noncoding genes. We found that Seb1 associates with 3’ end processing factors, is enriched at the 3’ end of genes, and binds RNA motifs downstream of cleavage sites. Importantly, a deficiency in Seb1 resulted in widespread changes in 3’ UTR length as a consequence of increased alternative polyadenylation. Given that Seb1 levels affected the recruitment of conserved 3’ end processing factors, our findings indicate that the conserved RNA-binding protein Seb1 co-transcriptionally controls alternative polyadenylation.

2016-07-22 | GSE82326 | GEO

Yeast RNA-binding protein Nab3 regulations genes involved in nitrogen metabolism

Project description:Termination of yeast RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcripts occurs through two alternative pathways. Termination of mRNAs is coupled to cleavage and polyadenylation while non-coding transcripts are terminated through the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 (NNS) pathway in a process that is linked to RNA degradation by the nuclear exosome. Some mRNA transcripts are also attenuated through premature termination directed by the NNS complex. In this paper we present the results of nuclear depletion of the NNS component Nab3. As expected many non-coding RNAs fail to terminate properly. In addition, we observe that nitrogen catabolite repressed genes are up-regulated by Nab3 depletion.

2017-07-12 | GSE97345 | GEO

Common mechanism of transcription termination at coding and noncoding RNA genes in fission yeast

Project description:Termination of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription is a fundamental step of gene expression that is critical for determining the borders between genes. In budding yeast, termination at protein-coding genes is initiated by the cleavage/polyadenylation machinery, whereas termination of most noncoding RNA (ncRNA) genes occurs via the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 (NNS) pathway. Unexpectedly, we show here that NNS-like transcription termination is not conserved in fission yeast. Instead, genome-wide location analyses show global recruitment of mRNA 3’ end processing factors at the end of ncRNA genes, including snoRNAs and snRNAs, and that this recruitment coincides with high levels of Ser2 and Tyr1 phosphorylation on the RNAPII C-terminal domain. We further show that termination of mRNA and ncRNA transcription requires the conserved Ysh1/CPSF-73 and Dhp1/XRN2 nucleases, supporting widespread cleavage-dependent transcription termination in fission yeast. Our findings thus reveal that a common mode of transcription termination can produce functionally and structurally distinct types of polyadenylated and non-polyadenylated RNAs.

2018-08-10 | GSE115595 | GEO

Transcription profiling of S. cerevisiae Nab3 and Nrd1 mutants

Project description:Nrd1 and Nab3 are two yeast RNA binding proteins which have been shown to be involved in transcription termination of non poly(A) genes. We have used expression profiling of a Nab3 mutant to discover novel RNA targets of the Nrd1 and Nab3 transcription termination pathway. Failure to terminate RNA polymerase II by Nab3 leads to continued transcription well beyond the correct termination sites, altering the expression of adjacent downstream genes. Using this concept, our microarray uncovered the up-regulation of numerous genes that are located downstream of âcryptic unstable transcriptsâ, transcripts that are transcribed, terminated and rapidly degraded by Nrd1, Nab3, and the nuclear exosome. Experiment Overall Design: Four yeast total RNA samples where analyzed in this study. These RNAs come from two separate strains of yeast, each strain at either the permissive temperature (25C) or the non-permissive temperature (37C). One of these strains is a wild type strain of yeast used as a control. The other strain has a mutation in the Nab3 protein that confers temperature sensitivity at the non-permissive temperature of 37C. After two hours at the non-permissive temperature, we observe disruptions in the Nrd1/Nab3 transcription termination pathway and this is the scheme that we followed for our microarray experiment. Our goal was to observe the global expression changes after 2 hours without Nab3 function.

2008-06-13 | E-GEOD-4657 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genetic and pharmacological evidence for kinetic competition between alternative poly(A) sites in yeast - NNS complex

Project description:PAT-seq approach was used to determine changes to 3'UTR length in yeast upon mutation of NNS subunits Nrd1 (nrd1-5), Nab3 (nab3-11) and Sen1 (sen1-1) compared to wild type cells

2021-06-25 | GSE160567 | GEO

The Nrd1 CTD-interaction domain contributes to the choice of RNA polymerase II termination pathway and couples to RNA processing by the nuclear exosome

Project description:The RNA polymerase II (RNApII) C-terminal domain (CTD)-interacting domain (CID) proteins are involved in two distinct termination pathways and recognize different phosphorylated forms of CTD. To investigate the role of differential CTDM-^VCID interactions in the choice of termination pathway, we altered the CTD-binding specificity of Nrd1 by domain swapping. ChIP-chip was performed to examine the effect of Nrd1 CID swapping on genome-wide RNA polymerase II (Rpb3 antibody, Neoclone) occupancy. Nrd1 with the CID from Rtt103 (Nrd1[CID-Rtt103]; strain YSB2445) causes read-through transcription at many genes, but can trigger termination where multiple Nrd1/Nab3-binding sites and serine 2 phosphorylated CTD co-exist.

2013-12-04 | E-MTAB-1626 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Molecular basis for coupling transcription termination to non-coding RNA degradation

Project description:The Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 (NNS) complex plays a pivotal role in the control of pervasive transcription and the generation of sn- and snoRNAs in S. cerevisiae. The NNS-complex terminates transcription of non-coding RNA genes and promotes processing/degradation of transcripts by the nuclear exosome. To assess the role of the Nrd1p CTD-interacting domain (CID) in the function of the NNS-complex, we re-examined whether this domain is required for efficient transcription termination by the NNS pathway. We compared the RNA polymerase II distribution by ChIP and tiling arrays (ChIP-chip) in wild type and nrd1 deltaCID cells. Moreover, we compared the genome-wide chromatin distribution of Nrd1p in the presence and the absence of the CID by ChIP-chip analysis. ChIP of RNA polymerase II was performed using an anti-Rpb3 antibody (1Y26, Neoclone). ChIP of Nrd1 was performed using TAP-tagged S. cerevisiae strains. For details see protocols. To download the wild-type Pol II and Nrd1 data go to E-MTAB-1626 and E-MTAB-1060, respectively.

2014-04-24 | E-MTAB-2175 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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