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Transcriptome and Biomineralization Responses of the Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata to Ocean Acidification and Ocean Warming

ABSTRACT: To elucidate how does the gene expression profiles of whole transcriptome of P.fucata response to seawater acidification and warming, we have employed microarray as a tool to identify gene responses in these stress.The pearl oysters were added into the tanks with the maintaining conditions of temperature 25 °C and 31 °C, acidity pH7.8 and pH7.5, salinity 33‰ in recirculating seawater. The temperatures and pH values in the studies were near future levels and predicted for 2100 and 2300.

ORGANISM(S): Pinctada fucata

PROVIDER: GSE57171 | GEO | 2014/05/02

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA246020

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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miRNA expression profile of mantle tissues for pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

Project description:To elucidate the modulatory participation of miRNAs in mollusk biomineralization, we have employed high-throughput sequencing to identify miRNAs of pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata. Our study focused on the miRNA expression profile of the mantle, an organ responsible for shell formation of the oyster. The pearl oysters were cultured in the tank with the maintaining conditions of temperature 19 ℃, PH 8.1 and salinity 33‰ in recirculating seawater.

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Development of gene expression profiles for pearl oyster Pinctada fucata exposed in near-future ocean warming and acidification.

Project description:To elucidate how does the gene expression profiles of whole transcriptome of P.fucata response to acute and gradual seawater acidification and warming, and which genes or functional gene clusters are involved in the stress response to enviromental stressors, we have employed microarray as a tool to identify genes in these stress. For acute temperature and acidity stress treatment, oysters were added into the tanks immediately with the maintaining conditions of temperature 25M-BM-11 M-BM-0C and 31M-BM-11 M-BM-0C, acidity pH7.8M-BM-10.05 and pH7.5M-BM-10.05, salinity 33M-BM-11M-bM-^@M-0 in recirculating seawater. The temperatures and pH values in the studies were near future levels and predicted for 2100 and 2300. The pallial zone of mantle were collected and preserved on the hours of 72 after treatment for subsequent studies. All the collected mantles above were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80M-BM-0C. The conditions of salinity 33M-BM-11M-bM-^@M-0, 19M-BM-11 M-BM-0C and pH8.1M-BM-10.05 (~380 ppm CO2) in pre-culture tanks was as a control. In total, 15 mantle tissue samples from 15 individuals were used for the microarray analysis and 3 samples were used as control .Three biological replicates were employed in each treatment.

2014-05-02 | E-GEOD-57171 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Pinctada fucata martensii mantle edge tissue LC-MS/MS

Project description:We have got a yellow shell variety of Pinctada fucata martensii after years of artificial breeding. To identify differentially expressed genes between yellow shell and normal black shell pearl oysters, we performed label-free proteomic analyses by LC-MS using mantle edge tissues.

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cDNA microarray analysis revealing candidate biomineralizational genes of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii

Project description:In order to screen and identify biomineralization gene, microarray technique was used to reveal tissues specific expression genes in the brunet mantle edge (ME), mantle centre (MC), and both ME and MC (ME-MC) from assembled transcriptome contigs of Pinctada fucata martensii, ideal pearl oyster for the study of biomineralization. Tissues of ME, MC, hepatopancreas, foot, gill, adductor muscle, heart and intestine were sampled from two females and one male pearl oyster. Gonad was sampled from above three individuals and another two male and one female. Equal amount RNA of each individual hepatopancreas, foot, gill, adductor muscle, heart and intestine were mixed as a composite viscera sample (CV), and equal amount gonad RNA from one male and one female were combined together as a gonad sample (GS). Hybridizations were performed with twelve samples of ME, MC, CV and GS.

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cDNA microarray analysis revealing candidate biomineralizational genes of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii

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Transcriptome and biomineralization responses of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata to elevated CO2 and temperature.

Project description:Ocean acidification and global warming have been shown to significantly affect the physiological performances of marine calcifiers; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, the transcriptome and biomineralization responses of Pinctada fucata to elevated CO2 (pH 7.8 and pH 7.5) and temperature (25?°C and 31?°C) are investigated. Increases in CO2 and temperature induced significant changes in gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, net calcification rates and relative calcium content, whereas no changes are observed in the shell ultrastructure. "Ion and acid-base regulation" related genes and "amino acid metabolism" pathway respond to the elevated CO2 (pH 7.8), suggesting that P. fucata implements a compensatory acid-base mechanism to mitigate the effects of low pH. Additionally, "anti-oxidation"-related genes and "Toll-like receptor signaling", "arachidonic acid metabolism", "lysosome" and "other glycan degradation" pathways exhibited responses to elevated temperature (25?°C and 31?°C), suggesting that P. fucata utilizes anti-oxidative and lysosome strategies to alleviate the effects of temperature stress. These responses are energy-consuming processes, which can lead to a decrease in biomineralization capacity. This study therefore is important for understanding the mechanisms by which pearl oysters respond to changing environments and predicting the effects of global climate change on pearl aquaculture.

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The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii genome and multi-omic analyses provide insights into biomineralization.

Project description:Nacre, the iridescent material found in pearls and shells of molluscs, is formed through an extraordinary process of matrix-assisted biomineralization. Despite recent advances, many aspects of the biomineralization process and its evolutionary origin remain unknown. The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii is a well-known master of biomineralization, but the molecular mechanisms that underlie its production of shells and pearls are not fully understood. We sequenced the highly polymorphic genome of the pearl oyster and conducted multi-omic and biochemical studies to probe nacre formation. We identified a large set of novel proteins participating in matrix-framework formation, many in expanded families, including components similar to that found in vertebrate bones such as collagen-related VWA-containing proteins, chondroitin sulfotransferases, and regulatory elements. Considering that there are only collagen-based matrices in vertebrate bones and chitin-based matrices in most invertebrate skeletons, the presence of both chitin and elements of collagen-based matrices in nacre suggests that elements of chitin- and collagen-based matrices have deep roots and might be part of an ancient biomineralizing matrix. Our results expand the current shell matrix-framework model and provide new insights into the evolution of diverse biomineralization systems.

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Identification and Characterization of microRNAs and Their Predicted Functions in Biomineralization in the Pearl Oyster (Pinctada fucata).

Project description:The biological process of pearl formation is an ongoing research topic, and a number of genes associated with this process have been identified. However, the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in biomineralization in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, is not well understood. In order to investigate the divergence and function of miRNAs in P. fucata, we performed a transcriptome analysis of small RNA libraries prepared from adductor muscle, gill, ovary, and mantle tissues. We identified 186 known and 42 novel miRNAs in these tissues. Clustering analysis showed that the expression patterns of miRNAs were similar among the somatic tissues, but they differed significantly between the somatic and ovary tissues. To validate the existence of the identified miRNAs, nine known and three novel miRNAs were verified by stem-loop qRT-PCR using U6 snRNA as an internal reference. The expression abundance and target prediction between miRNAs and biomineralization-related genes indicated that miR-1990c-3p, miR-876, miR-9a-3p, and novel-3 may be key factors in the regulatory network that act by controlling the formation of matrix proteins or the differentiation of mineralogenic cells during shell formation in mantle tissue. Our findings serve to further clarify the processes underlying biomineralization in P. fucata.

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The receptor genes PfBMPR1B and PfBAMBI are involved in regulating shell biomineralization in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata.

Project description:Mounting evidence suggests that TGF?/BMP signaling pathway is most likely involved in shell biomineralization in molluscs, but the function of pathway receptors is poorly studied. Here, we cloned and identified two homologous BMP receptor genes, PfBMPR1B and PfBAMBI, from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata. Real-time quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization revealed that these genes were expressed in mantle edge and pallial, specifically located at the outer epithelia. Knockdown of PfBMPR1B by RNA interference (RNAi) significantly decreased the expression levels of matrix protein (MP) genes and induced the abnormal ultrastructure of prismatic and nacreous layers. Conversely, knockdown of PfBAMBI significantly increased the expression levels of a portion of MP genes and induced the overgrowth of nacreous layer crystals. In the RNAi and shell notching experiments, MP gene expressions were competitively regulated by PfBMPR1B and PfBAMBI. In addition, the receptor inhibitor LDN193189 reduced the expression levels of MP genes in mantle primary cells and larvae, and induced abnormal D-shaped shell formation during larval development. Collectively, these results clearly show that PfBMPR1B and PfBAMBI are involved in regulating shell biomineralization in P. fucata. Our study therefore provides the direct evidence that BMP receptors participate in mollusc biomineralization.

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