Zinc Finger Protein 407 (ZFP407) Regulates Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Uptake and Glucose Transporter 4 (Glut4) mRNA
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE64757 | GEO | 2015/01/16
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA271802
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Using RNA-Seq, we compared the transcriptomes of differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes for control and ZFP407-deficient cells Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were electroporated with control or 1 of 2 Zfp407 siRNAs. Six independent siRNA electroporations were conducted for the control siRNA and 3 independent electroporations were conducted for each Zfp407 siRNA.
2015-01-16 | E-GEOD-64757 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The glucose transporter GLUT4 facilitates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in peripheral tissues including adipose, muscle, and heart. GLUT4 function is impaired in obesity and type 2 diabetes leading to hyperglycemia and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. To better understand the regulation of GLUT4 function, a targeted siRNA screen was performed and led to the discovery that ZFP407 regulates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. The decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake due to ZFP407 deficiency was attributed to a reduction in GLUT4 mRNA and protein levels. The decrease in GLUT4 was due to both decreased transcription of Glut4 mRNA and decreased efficiency of Glut4 pre-mRNA splicing. Interestingly, ZFP407 coordinately regulated this decrease in transcription with an increase in the stability of Glut4 mRNA, resulting in opposing effects on steady-state Glut4 mRNA levels. More broadly, transcriptome analysis revealed that ZFP407 regulates many peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ target genes beyond Glut4. ZFP407 was required for the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone to increase Glut4 expression, but was not sufficient to increase expression of a PPARγ target gene reporter construct. However, ZFP407 and PPARγ co-overexpression synergistically activated a PPARγ reporter construct beyond the level of PPARγ alone. Thus, ZFP407 may represent a new modulator of the PPARγ signaling pathway.
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Project description:Insulin action in adipocytes affects whole-body insulin sensitivity. Studies of adipose-specific Glut4 knockout mice have established that adipose Glut4 contributes to the control of systemic glucose homeostasis. Presumably, this reflects a role for Glut4-mediated glucose transport in the regulation of secreted adipokines. In cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, Rab10 GTPase is required for insulin-stimulated translocation of Glut4 (Sano et al., 2007). The physiological importance of adipose Rab10 and the significance of its role in the control of Glut4 vesicle trafficking in vivo are unknown. Here we report that adipocytes from adipose-specific Rab10 knockout mice have a ~50% reduction in glucose uptake and Glut4 translocation to the cell surface in response to insulin, demonstrating a role for Rab10 in Glut4 trafficking. Moreover, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp shows decreased whole-body glucose uptake as well as impaired suppression of hepatic glucose production in adipose Rab10 knockout mice. Thus, fully functional Glut4 vesicle trafficking in adipocytes is critical for maintaining insulin sensitivity. Comparative transcriptome analysis of perigonadal adipose tissue demonstrates significant transcriptional similarities between adipose Rab10 knockout mice and adipose Glut4 knockout mice, consistent with the notion that the phenotypic similarities between the two models are mediated by reduced insulin-stimulated glucose transport into adipocytes. Transcriptome sequencing of perigonadal white adipose tissue
2016-06-30 | E-GEOD-70123 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Insulin action in adipocytes affects whole-body insulin sensitivity. Studies of adipose-specific Glut4 knockout mice have established that adipose Glut4 contributes to the control of systemic glucose homeostasis. Presumably, this reflects a role for Glut4-mediated glucose transport in the regulation of secreted adipokines. In cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, Rab10 GTPase is required for insulin-stimulated translocation of Glut4 (Sano et al., 2007). The physiological importance of adipose Rab10 and the significance of its role in the control of Glut4 vesicle trafficking in vivo are unknown. Here we report that adipocytes from adipose-specific Rab10 knockout mice have a ~50% reduction in glucose uptake and Glut4 translocation to the cell surface in response to insulin, demonstrating a role for Rab10 in Glut4 trafficking. Moreover, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp shows decreased whole-body glucose uptake as well as impaired suppression of hepatic glucose production in adipose Rab10 knockout mice. Thus, fully functional Glut4 vesicle trafficking in adipocytes is critical for maintaining insulin sensitivity. Comparative transcriptome analysis of perigonadal adipose tissue demonstrates significant transcriptional similarities between adipose Rab10 knockout mice and adipose Glut4 knockout mice, consistent with the notion that the phenotypic similarities between the two models are mediated by reduced insulin-stimulated glucose transport into adipocytes.
2016-06-30 | GSE70123 | GEO
Project description:Mammalian preimplantation blastocysts exhibit insulin-stimulated glucose uptake despite the absence of the only known insulin-regulated transporter, GLUT4. We describe a previously unidentified member of the mammalian facilitative GLUT superfamily that exhibits approximately 20-25% identity with other murine facilitative GLUTs. Insulin induces a change in the intracellular localization of this protein, which translates into increased glucose uptake into the blastocyst, a process that is inhibited by antisense oligoprobes. Presence of this transporter may be necessary for successful blastocyst development, fuel metabolism, and subsequent implantation. Moreover, the existence of an alternative transporter may explain examples in other tissues of insulin-regulated glucose transport in the absence of GLUT4.
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Project description:Microbiota contributes to induction of type 2 diabetes by high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS), but which organs/pathways are impacted by microbiota remains unknown. Using multi-organ network and transkingdom analyses, we found that microbiota-dependent. impairment of OXPHOS /mitochondria in white adipose tissue (WAT) plays a primary role in regulating systemic glucose metabolism. The follow-up analysis established that Mmp12+ macrophages link microbiota-dependent inflammation and OXPHOS damage in WAT. Moreover, the molecular signature of Mmp12+ macrophages in WAT was associated with insulin resistance in obese patients. Next, we tested functional effects of MMP12 and found that Mmp12 genetic deficiency or MMP12 inhibition improved glucose metabolism in conventional, but not in germfree mice. MMP12 treatment induced insulin resistance in adipocytes. TLR2-ligands present in Oscillibacter valericigenes bacteria, which are expanded by HFHS, induce Mmp12 in WAT macrophages in a MYD88-ATF3-dependent manner. Thus, HFHS induces Mmp12+ macrophages and MMP12, representing a microbiota-dependent bridge between inflammation and mitochondrial damage in WAT and causing insulin resistance. doi: https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20220017
2022-05-27 | GSE203489 | GEO
Project description:Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in recombinant MMP12 treated 3T3-L1 cells
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Project description:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family of nuclear receptors is central to the pathophysiology and treatment of metabolic disease through the receptors' ability to regulate the expression of genes involved in glucose homeostasis, adipogenesis, and lipid metabolism. However, the mechanism by which PPAR is regulated remains incompletely understood. We generated a transgenic mouse strain (ZFP-TG) that overexpressed Zfp407 primarily in muscle and heart. Transcriptome analysis by RNA-Seq identified 1,300 differentially expressed genes in the muscle of ZFP-TG mice, among which PPAR target genes were significantly enriched. Among the physiologically important PPARγ target genes, Glucose transporter (Glut)-4 mRNA and protein levels were increased in heart and muscle. The increase in Glut4 and other transcriptional effects of Zfp407 overexpression together decreased body weight and lowered plasma glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR scores relative to control littermates. When placed on high-fat diet, ZFP-TG mice remained more glucose tolerant than their wild-type counterparts. Cell-based assays demonstrated that Zfp407 synergistically increased the transcriptional activity of all PPAR subtypes, PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ. The increased PPAR activity was not associated with increased PPAR mRNA or protein levels, suggesting that Zfp407 posttranslationally regulates PPAR activity. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Zfp407 overexpression improved glucose homeostasis. Thus, Zfp407 represents a new drug target for treating metabolic disease.
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Project description:PPARγ deficiency in humans and model organisms impairs the transcriptional control of adipogenesis and mature adipocyte function resulting in lipodystrophy and insulin resistance. Zinc finger protein 407 (ZFP407) positively regulates PPARγ target gene expression and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cultured adipocytes. The in vivo physiological role of ZFP407 in mature adipocytes, however, remains to be elucidated. Here we generated adipocyte-specific ZFP407 knockout (AZKO) mice and discovered a partial lipodystrophic phenotype with reduced fat mass, hypertrophic adipocytes in inguinal and brown adipose tissue, and reduced adipogenic gene expression. The lipodystrophy was further exacerbated in AZKO mice fed a high-fat diet. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests revealed decreased insulin sensitivity in AZKO mice compared to control littermates. Cell-based assays demonstrated that ZFP407 is also required for adipogenesis, which may also contribute to the lipodystrophic phenotype. These results demonstrate an essential in vivo role of ZFP407 in brown and white adipose tissue formation and organismal insulin sensitivity.
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Project description:TUG tethering proteins bind and sequester GLUT4 glucose transporters intracellularly, and insulin stimulates TUG cleavage to translocate GLUT4 to the cell surface and increase glucose uptake. This effect of insulin is independent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and its physiological relevance remains uncertain. Here we show that this TUG cleavage pathway regulates both insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscle and organism-level energy expenditure. Using mice with muscle-specific Tug (Aspscr1)-knockout and muscle-specific constitutive TUG cleavage, we show that, after GLUT4 release, the TUG C-terminal cleavage product enters the nucleus, binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and its coactivator PGC-1α and regulates gene expression to promote lipid oxidation and thermogenesis. This pathway acts in muscle and adipose cells to upregulate sarcolipin and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), respectively. The PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism, which reduces diabetes risk, enhances TUG binding. The ATE1 arginyltransferase, which mediates a specific protein degradation pathway and controls thermogenesis, regulates the stability of the TUG product. We conclude that insulin-stimulated TUG cleavage coordinates whole-body energy expenditure with glucose uptake, that this mechanism might contribute to the thermic effect of food and that its attenuation could promote obesity.
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