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Modeling the early phenotype at the neuromuscular junction of spinal muscular atrophy using patient-derived iPSCs (RNA-Seq)

ABSTRACT: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. In the pathogenesis of SMA, pathological changes of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) precede the motor neuronal loss. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate the NMJ formed by SMA patients’ motor neurons (MNs), and to identify drugs that can restore the normal condition. We generated NMJ-like structures using motor neurons (MNs) derived from SMA patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and found that the clustering of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is significantly impaired. Valproic acid and antisense oligonucleotide treatment ameliorated the AChR clustering defects, leading to an increase in the level of full-length SMN transcripts. Thus, the current in vitro model of AChR clustering using SMA patient-derived iPSCs is useful to dissect the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of SMA, and to evaluate the efficacy of new therapeutic approaches.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE65508 | GEO | 2015/02/03

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA274248

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Modeling the early phenotype at the neuromuscular junction of spinal muscular atrophy using patient-derived iPSCs (RNA-Seq)

Project description:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. In the pathogenesis of SMA, pathological changes of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) precede the motor neuronal loss. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate the NMJ formed by SMA patientsM-bM-^@M-^Y motor neurons (MNs), and to identify drugs that can restore the normal condition. We generated NMJ-like structures using motor neurons (MNs) derived from SMA patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and found that the clustering of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is significantly impaired. Valproic acid and antisense oligonucleotide treatment ameliorated the AChR clustering defects, leading to an increase in the level of full-length SMN transcripts. Thus, the current in vitro model of AChR clustering using SMA patient-derived iPSCs is useful to dissect the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of SMA, and to evaluate the efficacy of new therapeutic approaches.M-bM-^@M-^C to evaluate the effects of VPA on the expression profiles of the MNs

2015-02-03 | E-GEOD-65508 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Modeling the early phenotype at the neuromuscular junction of spinal muscular atrophy using patient-derived iPSCs

Project description:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. In the pathogenesis of SMA, pathological changes of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) precede the motor neuronal loss. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate the NMJ formed by SMA patientsM-bM-^@M-^Y motor neurons (MNs), and to identify drugs that can restore the normal condition. We generated NMJ-like structures using motor neurons (MNs) derived from SMA patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and found that the clustering of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is significantly impaired. Valproic acid and antisense oligonucleotide treatment ameliorated the AChR clustering defects, leading to an increase in the level of full-length SMN transcripts. Thus, the current in vitro model of AChR clustering using SMA patient-derived iPSCs is useful to dissect the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of SMA, and to evaluate the efficacy of new therapeutic approaches.M-bM-^@M-^C To compare the gene expression pattern between control and patient derived iPSCs

2015-01-31 | E-GEOD-65470 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Modeling the early phenotype at the neuromuscular junction of spinal muscular atrophy using patient-derived iPSCs

Project description:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. In the pathogenesis of SMA, pathological changes of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) precede the motor neuronal loss. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate the NMJ formed by SMA patients’ motor neurons (MNs), and to identify drugs that can restore the normal condition. We generated NMJ-like structures using motor neurons (MNs) derived from SMA patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and found that the clustering of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is significantly impaired. Valproic acid and antisense oligonucleotide treatment ameliorated the AChR clustering defects, leading to an increase in the level of full-length SMN transcripts. Thus, the current in vitro model of AChR clustering using SMA patient-derived iPSCs is useful to dissect the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of SMA, and to evaluate the efficacy of new therapeutic approaches.

2015-01-31 | GSE65470 | GEO

Selective Death in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Genome-Wide RNA-Seq Using Purified Patient-Derived Motor Neurons

Project description:Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is well-known to be caused by mutations in the gene Survival of Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1). Because this gene is ubiquitously expressed, it remains poorly understood why motor neurons (MNs) are one of the most affected cell types. To begin to address this question, we carried out RNA-sequencing studies using fixed, antibody-labeled and purified MNs produced from control and SMA patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We found SMA-specific changes in MNs, including hyper-activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway and enhanced apoptosis. Functional studies demonstrated that inhibition of ER stress improves overall MN health and survival in vitro even in MNs with low SMN levels. In SMA mice, we show that systemic delivery of an ER stress inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain-barrier led to preservation of MNs in the spinal cord and prolonged survival of these mice. Therefore, our study implies that selective activation of ER stress underlies MN death in SMA. Moreover, the approach we have taken would be broadly applicable to studying disease-prone human cells in heterogeneous cultures. total RNA collected from ES cell and patient ES cell derived spinal motor neurons

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Selective Death in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Genome-Wide RNA-Seq Using Purified Patient-Derived Motor Neurons

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Transcriptome profiling of severe spinal muscular atrophy mouse embryonic stem cell-derived motor neurons

Project description:Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an early onset, autosomal recessive motor neuron disease caused by loss of or mutation in SMN1 (survival motor neuron 1). Despite understanding the genetic basis underlying this disease, it is still not known why motor neurons (MNs) are selectively affected by the loss of the ubiquitously expressed SMN protein. Using a mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) model for severe SMA, the RNA transcript profiles (transcriptomes) between control and severe SMA (SMN2+/+;mSmn-/-) mESC-derived MNs were compared in this study using massively parallel RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The MN differentiation efficiencies between control and severe SMA mESCs were similar. RNA-Seq analysis identified 3094 upregulated and 6964 downregulated transcripts in SMA mESC-derived MNs when compared against control cells. Pathway and network analysis of the differentially expressed RNA transcripts showed that pluripotency and cell proliferation transcripts were significantly increased in SMA MNs while transcripts related to neuronal development and activity were reduced. The differential expression of selected transcripts such as Crabp1, Crabp2 and Nkx2.2 was validated in a second mESC model for SMA as well as in the spinal cords of low copy SMN2 severe SMA mice. Furthermore, the levels of these selected transcripts were restored in high copy SMN2 rescue mouse spinal cords when compared against low copy SMN2 severe SMA mice. These findings suggest that SMN deficiency affects processes critical for normal development and maintenance of MNs. RNA profiles were generated from FACS-purified control and SMA mESC-derived motor neurons (n=3/genotype) by deep sequencing using Illumina HighSeq 2500

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Alternative splicing and gene expression defects in motorneurons derived from DM1 hiPSCs and MBNL knockouts hiPSCs generated by CRISPR/Cas9.

Project description:Myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1) is the most frequent neuromuscular disease (NMD) in adults and only symptomatic treatments have been proposed to patients. DM1 has long been defined by muscular defects but several studies suggested the involvement of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). In this aim, our purpose raised the question about the pathological contribution of the motoneurons (MNs) in DM1 physiopathology. By using a micropatterned 96-well plate as a co-culture platform, we generated a functional humanized system in 11 days which associates hiPS-derived MNs and human primary skeletal muscle cells. To focus only on DM1 motoneurons-dependent phenotypes, we generated hybrid systems using wild-type skeletal muscle cells combined with mutated hiPS-derived MNs. In this context, we have identified several alterations affecting synaptic vesicular trafficking, AChR clustering and communication between pre- and post-synaptic compartments. More interestingly, hiPS-derived MNs depleted for MBNL1 and MBNL2 reproduced alterations at the pre- and post-synaptic levels. These experiments suggested that the functional defects associated to MNs can be directly attributed to the MBNL family proteins. These findings may be clinically relevant to open new therapeutic approaches taking into account the alterations affecting DM1 motoneurons.

2023-04-26 | GSE171988 | GEO

Elucidating the role of miRNA in the modulation of Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) genes in both fibroblasts and firboblast-derived iPSCs.

Project description:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a devastating neuromuscular disorder that affects the spinal motor neurons and leads to progressive muscle wasting and atrophy. It is caused by a reduction in SMN protein levels due to the mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Human are unique as they possess a homologous pseudogene known as survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) gene. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in either translational repression or mRNA degradation. It has been highlighted that dysregulation of miRNA has been a common feature of motor neuron disease such as SMA. Moreover, it is speculated that the dysregulation of miRNAs expression contributes to the pathophysiology of SMA and the vulnerability of SMN protein can be altered by the modulation of specific miRNA. However, there are still lacking of studies on the dysregulation of miRNAs in human SMA patients using iPSC cell models and how the miRNAs correlate with the SMN protein. Hence, we utilized miRNA microarray to identify the miRNAs dysregulated in SMA patients as compared to normal controls in both fibroblast and its derivative induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Human fibroblasts and iPSCs were cultured and their respective RNA were extracted.

2024-10-09 | GSE219262 | GEO

Transcriptome profiling of severe spinal muscular atrophy mouse embryonic stem cell-derived motor neurons

2014-09-08 | GSE56284 | GEO

Next Generation Sequencing of human SMA and healthy control Motor Neurons

Project description:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron (MN) disorder caused by mutations in SMN1. The reasons of MNs selective vulnerability linked to SMN reduction remain unclear. To address this question, we performed deep RNA sequencing on SMA human MNs to detect specific altered splicing/expressed genes and to identify the presence of a common sequence motif in these genes. Many deregulated genes, such as Neurexin and Synaptotagmin families, are implicated in critical MN-function like axonogenesis and synapses. Motif-enrichment analyses of differentially expressed/spliced genes, including Neurexin2 (NRXN2), revealed a common Motif, Motif-7, which is target of SYNCRIP protein. Interestingly, SYNCRIP interacts only with full-length SMN, binding and modulating several MN transcripts, including SMN itself. SYNCRIP overexpression rescued SMA-MNs, due to the consequent increase of SMN and their down-stream target NRXN2, through a positive loop mechanism. SMN/SYNCRIP complex through motif-7 might account for selective MN degeneration and represent a potential therapeutic target.

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