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ZAS3-null vs wild-type whole mouse thymus

ABSTRACT: The HIVEP/ZAS/Schnurri genes encode large zinc finger proteins that regulate gene expression through DNA binding to the kappaB motif. The ZAS proteins have also been shown to associate with signaling molecules to regulate the TNFa and TGFb signaling pathways. Because ZAS3 transcript and protein expression is rapidly abrogated in primary lymphocytes upon tissue culture, we have generated a ZAS3-null mouse model to study the physiological function of ZAS3. Mice with targeted disruption of ZAS3 are viable with life span comparable to controls. Additionally, the gross anatomy and histology of the major organs, proliferation rates of splenocytes and thymocytes, and the diversity of the TCRb chains of ZAS3 mice are comparable to wild-type. However, compared to wild-type mice, there are decreased CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD4+CD69+ thymocyte populations. Additionally, CD44hi/CD62Llo subset and CD25 and CD69 expression are increased in splenocytes of ZAS3 mice. Microarray analysis validated by real time PCR revealed changes in the expression level of specific transcripts in ZAS3-null thymus, including several proteins in the G-protein coupled olfactory receptor family. Furthermore, EMSA shows that disruption of ZAS3 results in varying changes in binding activities towards NF-kB and AP1 binding sites. Other phenotypes observed in the ZAS3 mice include generalized increased bone density in older animals and infertility in females. As with ZAS2/shn-2 mice, disruption of ZAS3 is not lethal and does not grossly affect development or homeostasis. We propose that the ZAS proteins likely have overlapping functions, which may be uncovered with deletion of multiple ZAS genes in a single animal. Keywords: Gene knock-out mouse model

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE6570 | GEO | 2007/07/11

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA98747

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The HIVEP/ZAS/Schnurri genes encode large zinc finger proteins that regulate gene expression through DNA binding to the kappaB motif. The ZAS proteins have also been shown to associate with signaling molecules to regulate the TNFa and TGFb signaling pathways. Because ZAS3 transcript and protein expression is rapidly abrogated in primary lymphocytes upon tissue culture, we have generated a ZAS3-null mouse model to study the physiological function of ZAS3. Mice with targeted disruption of ZAS3 are viable with life span comparable to controls. Additionally, the gross anatomy and histology of the major organs, proliferation rates of splenocytes and thymocytes, and the diversity of the TCRb chains of ZAS3 mice are comparable to wild-type. However, compared to wild-type mice, there are decreased CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD4+CD69+ thymocyte populations. Additionally, CD44hi/CD62Llo subset and CD25 and CD69 expression are increased in splenocytes of ZAS3 mice. Microarray analysis validated by real time PCR revealed changes in the expression level of specific transcripts in ZAS3-null thymus, including several proteins in the G-protein coupled olfactory receptor family. Furthermore, EMSA shows that disruption of ZAS3 results in varying changes in binding activities towards NF-kB and AP1 binding sites. Other phenotypes observed in the ZAS3 mice include generalized increased bone density in older animals and infertility in females. As with ZAS2/shn-2 mice, disruption of ZAS3 is not lethal and does not grossly affect development or homeostasis. We propose that the ZAS proteins likely have overlapping functions, which may be uncovered with deletion of multiple ZAS genes in a single animal. Experiment Overall Design: Five independent microarray hybridizations were performed with thymocytes isolated from sex- and age-matched mutant and wild-type littermates at 6-8 weeks of age. The Agilent Whole Mouse Genome Oligo Microarray (G4121A) containing over 20,000 60-mer oligonucleotide probes representing mouse genes, ESTs and EST clusters was used (Agilent, Cincinnati, OH). Probe labeling and hybridization were preformed by the Microarray Core Faculty (Columbus Childrenâs Research Institute) following the manufacturer's protocols. Briefly, cDNA probes were synthesized with Superscript III, oligo-dT primers and dNTPs supplemented with amino-allyl-UTP to improve hybridization characteristics and stability. After purification, cDNA samples from mutant or control mice were labeled with Cy3 or Cy5, respectively, and hybridized to the microarray for 14 hours at 48o C. Slide image was acquired using an Affymetrix 428 scanner with gain settings set so that 95% of spots were below saturation to yield the maximum dynamic range within an experiment. Images were converted into â.gprâ files using GenePix software (Axon, Union City, CA). Data were analyzed using GeneTraffic 2.6 software (Iobion, La Jolla, CA). Lowess-global normalization was applied to all experiments. Flagging parameters were set as spot intensity lower than the intensity of local spot background, spot intensity lower than average background, and raw spot intensity less than 100. Flagged spots were not included in normalization or aggregate calculations. Only genes that were induced or repressed 1.5-fold in at least four of the five independent analyses and hybridization were targeted for potential further study.

Project description:Measurement of specific gene expression in clinical samples is a promising approach for monitoring the recipient immune status to the graft in organ transplantation. Identification of biomarker genes closely associated with tolerance or rejection is critical for this monitoring protocol. Unlike previous studies, our microarray analysis focused on donor antigen-reactive T cells, which were prepared by collecting CD69+ T cells from cocultures of recipient peripheral T cells and donor antigen-presenting cells. A comparison of different recipient groups enabled us to identify several tolerance- and rejection-correlated biomarker genes, including previously unknown genes. By measuring biomarker gene expression in the CD69+ T cell fraction using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, we were able to precisely detect the immune status of recipients relative to their graft. Full-thickness donor (BDF1; C57BL/6 x DBA/2) tail skin was grafted onto recipient (C57BL/6) mice. Tolerance to the graft was induced by donor specific transfusion combined with administration of anti-CD40L Ab (MR-1). Total T lymphocytes were prepared from spleen and lymph nodes of tolerant recipient mice on day 100 after skin transplantation, untreated recipient mice on day 7, and ungrafted, healthy C57BL/6 mice and used as tolerant, rejecting and naïve T lymphocyte samples, respectively. In order to isolate alloantigen-reactive cells, T lymphocytes were cocultured with donor T cell-depleted splenocytes for 20-21 hours and then separated into two subpopulations based on CD69 expression using fluorescence cell sorter. Total RNA was extracted from these CD69+ and CD69- T cells and subjected to microarray using Illunima MouseWG-6 Expression BeadChip. All data analysis and visualization of differentially expressed genes was conducted using Illumina GenomeStudio v2009.2 (Gene Expression Module v1.5.4) and R statistical language v2.6.1. Candidate tolerance genes were defined as the common genes satisfying the following criteria; 1) 1.5 fold or higher expression in CD69+ T cells isolated from tolerant recipients than those from naïve mice, 2) 1.5 fold or higher expression in CD69+ T cells than CD69- T cells from tolerant mice, 3) 500 or higher average signal measured in CD69+ T cells from tolerant mice. The criteria for candidate rejection genes were 1) 1.5 fold or higher expression in CD69+ T cells isolated from rejecting recipients than those from tolerant mice, 2) 1.5 fold or higher expression in CD69+ T cells than CD69- T cells from rejecting mice, 3) 500 or higher average signal measured in CD69+ T cells from rejecting mice.

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ZAS3-null vs wild-type whole mouse thymus

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