High salt primes a specific activation state of macrophages, M(Na)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE68482 | GEO | 2015/09/23
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA282883
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Purpose: Investigate effects of high salt on human macrophage activation Methods: Human monocytes-derived macrophages were treated by additional 51mM NaCl for 24 hours (NaCl groups) or not (Control groups). mRNA profiles were generated by RNA-Seq, in triplicate, using Ion proton（Life tech). qRT–PCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays. Results: High salt significantly promotes pro-inflammatory gene expressions,while suppresses the expressions of anti-inflammatory genes and pro-endocytic genes in human macrophages. Conclusions: Our results identify a novel macrophage activation state, M(Na), and high salt as a potential environmental risk factor for lung inflammation through the induction of M(Na) Human monocytes-derived macrophages were treated by additional 51mM NaCl for 24 hours (NaCl groups) or not (Control groups). mRNA profiles were generated by RNA-Seq, in triplicate, using Ion proton（Life tech). qRT–PCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays.
2015-09-23 | E-GEOD-68482 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Inflammation and infection can trigger local tissue Na+-accumulation. This Na+-rich environment boosts pro-inflammatory activation of monocyte/macrophage-like cells (MΦ) and their antimicrobial activity. Enhanced Na+-driven MΦ-function requires the osmoprotective transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), which augments NO production and contributes to increased autophagy. However, the mechanism of Na+-sensing in MΦ remained unclear. High extracellular Na+ levels (HS) trigger a substantial Na+-influx and Ca2+ loss. Here, we show that the Na+/ Ca2+-exchanger 1 (NCX1/ solute carrier family 8 member A1 (SLC8A1)) plays a critical role in HS-triggered Na+-influx, concomitant Ca2+ efflux and subsequent NFAT5 accumulation. Moreover, interfering with NCX1-activity impairs HS-boosted inflammatory signaling, infection-triggered autolysosome formation and subsequent antibacterial activity. Taken together, this demonstrates that NCX1 is able to sense Na+ and is required for amplifying inflammatory and antimicrobial MΦ responses upon HS exposure. Manipulating NCX1 offers a new strategy to regulate MΦ function.
2020-06-29 | GSE136662 | GEO
Project description:Immune cells regulate a hypertonic microenvironment in the skin; however, possible functions of increased skin Na+ concentrations are unknown. We found that Na+ accumulated at the site of bacterial skin infections in humans and in mice. We used the protozoan parasite Leishmania (L.) major as a model of skin-prone macrophage infection to test the hypothesis that skin-Na+ storage facilitates antimicrobial host defense. Activation of macrophages in the presence of high NaCl concentrations modified epigenetic markers and enhanced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38/MAPK)-dependent nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) activation. This high-salt response resulted in elevated type-2 nitric oxide synthase (Nos2)-dependent NO production and improved L. major elimination. Finally, we found that increasing Na+ content in the skin by a high-salt diet boosted activation of macrophages in an Nfat5-dependent manner and promoted cutaneous antimicrobial defense. We suggest that the hypertonic microenvironment could serve as a barrier to infection.
2015-02-26 | E-MTAB-3343 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Plants are sessile and therefore have developed mechanisms to adapt to their environment, including the soil mineral nutrient composition. Ionomics is a developing functional genomics strategy designed to rapidly identify the genes and gene networks involved in regulating how plants acquire and accumulate these mineral nutrients from the soil. Here we report on the coupling of high-throughput elemental profiling of shoot tissue from various Arabidopsis accessions with DNA microarray-based bulk segregant analysis (BSA) and reverse genetics, for the rapid identification of genes from wild populations of Arabidopsis that are involved in regulating how plants acquire and accumulate Na+ from the soil. Methodology/Principal Findings: Elemental profiling of shoot tissue from 12 different Arabidopsis accessions revealed that Ts-1 and Tsu-1 accumulate higher shoot levels of Na+ than Col-0 and other accessions. We identify AtHKT1, known to encode a Na+ transporter, as being the causal locus driving elevated shoot Na+ in both Ts-1 and Tsu-1. Furthermore, we establish that a deletion in a tandem repeat sequence ~5 kb upstream of AtHKT1 is responsible for the reduced root expression of AtHKT1 observed in these accessions. Reciprocal grafting experiments establish that this loss of AtHKT1 expression in roots is responsible for elevated shoot Na+. Interestingly, and in contrast to the hkt1-1 null mutant, under NaCl stress conditions this novel AtHKT1 allele not only does not confer NaCl sensitivity, but co-segregates with elevated NaCl tolerance. We also present all our elemental profiling data in a new open access ionomics database, the Purdue Ionomics Information Management System (PiiMS; www.purdue.edu/dp/ionomics). Conclusions/Significance: Using DNA microarray-based genotyping has allowed us to rapidly identify AtHKT1 as the causal locus driving the natural variation in shoot Na+ accumulation we observed in Ts-1 and Tsu-1, two coastal populations of Arabidopsis. Such an approach overcomes the limitations imposed by a lack of established genetic markers in most Arabidopsis accessions, and opens up a vast and tractable source of natural variation for the identification of gene function not only in ionomics but also in many other biological processes. Keywords: genomics hybridization bulk segregant analysis
2006-11-18 | GSE6203 | GEO
Project description:Rice (Oryza sativa) stands among the world's most important crop species and is salt-sensitive. The undue accumulation of sodium ions (Na+) in shoots has the strongest negative correlation with rice productivity under long-term salinity. The plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger protein SOS1 is the only Na+ efflux transporter that has to date been genetically characterized and only in dicot plants. Here, the importance of Na+ fluxes governed by the SOS system in the salt tolerance of rice was analyzed by a reverse-genetics approach. A sos1 loss-of-function mutant displayed exceptional salt sensitivity that correlated with excessive Na+ intake and impaired Na+ loading into the xylem. Thus, SOS1 controls net Na+ uptake by roots and the long-distance transport to shoots. The acute Na+ sensitivity of sos1 plants at low NaCl concentrations allowed the inspection of the transcriptional response to sodicity stress, without interference by the osmotic challenge intrinsic to high salinity treatments. The transcriptional response to salt of the sos1 mutant roots involved the preferential down-regulation of stress-related genes compared to the wild-type despite the greater intensity of the stress imposed to the mutant, which suggested impaired stress detection or inability to mount a comprehensive response to salinity.
2019-04-16 | GSE129844 | GEO
Project description:Here, we treated Escherichia coli strain TO114 expressing a halotolerant cyanobacterium Halothece sp. PCC7418-derived NhaC Na+/H+ antiporter (H2569) with salt stress (0.4 M NaCl) and performed RNA sequencing analysis.
2024-05-06 | GSE264731 | GEO
Project description:Background: The halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (ice plant) is a model for studying salt tolerance. The morphology, physiology, metabolism, and gene expression of ice plant have been studied for over 40 years. Although the complete genome sequence has not been revealed, large-scale analyses of gene expression profiling have drawn an outline of salt tolerance in ice plant. Despite ample information in the transcriptome, miRNA information has not been documented. Results: We examined responses to a sudden increase in salinity in ice plant seedlings. Using a fluorescent dye to detect Na+, we found that ice plant roots respond to an increased flux of Na+ by either secreting or storing Na+ in specialized cells. High-throughput sequencing was used to identify small RNA profiles in three-day-old seedlings treated with or without 200 mM NaCl. Totally 132 conserved miRNAs belonging to 22 families were found. The hairpin precursor of 19 conserved mcr-miRNAs and 12 novel mcr-miRNAs were identified. Target genes are involved in a broad range of biological processes: transcription factors that regulate growth and development, enzymes that catalyze miRNA biogenesis for the most conserved mcr-miRNA, and proteins that are involved in ion homeostasis and drought-stress responses for some novel mcr-miRNAs. After 6 h of salt stress, the expressions of most mcr-miRNAs were down-regulated, whereas the expressions of their corresponding target genes were up-regulated. Analyses of the functions of target genes revealed that cellular processes, including growth and development, metabolism, and ion transport activity were up-regulated in roots under salt stress. Conclusions: Analyses of small RNA profile of ice plant seedlings identified many conserved miRNA families and several novel miRNAs. The expression of ten conserved miRNAs and three novel miRNAs were reciprocally correlated to predicted targets hourly after salt stress. Based on the expression pattern of miRNA and target genes in combination with the observation of Na+ distribution, we suggest that ice plant roots respond effectively to increased salinity by using Na+ as an osmoticum for cell expansion and guard cell opening. Excessive Na+ could either be secreted through root epidermis or stored in specialized leaf epidermal cells. These responses are partially regulated at the miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional level.
2016-12-31 | GSE83508 | GEO
Project description:Divided into four groups,CTL,Salt,(S+B),B.CTL group was fed with normal salt diets for 4 weeks,Salt group were fed with high salt diets(5% NaCl)for 4 weeks,(S+B)group were fed with high salt diets mixed with buckwheat (1:1)for 4 weeks ,B group: first fed high salt diets for 4 weeks and then fed with buckwheat for 4 weeks. Extract mouse gastric flora DNA and sequence.
2019-06-10 | GSE132412 | GEO
Project description:Limonium bicolor, a typical recretohalophyte living in saline land, excretes excessive salt to the environment through salt glands in the epidermis for avoiding salt stress. The aim of this study was to screen genes involved in salt secretion by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A model was established to illustrate the candidate genes regulating salt secretion of salt gland. These genes will shed light on molecular mechanism of salt secretion of salt gland in plant.Normalized cDNA libraries of L. bicolor were constructed using mature leaves treated with 200 mM NaCl (with the highest salt secretion) and the control. Illumina paired-end platform was utilized to yield 2×100 bp independent reads. After de novo assembly, unigenes were aligned to the non-redundant (Nr) protein database and differentially expressed genes were enriched by GO annotations. Candidate genes were further verified by L. bicolor mutants with abnormal salt secretion.19,498 genes were targeted in Nr database and 5,768 were differentially expressed mapping to Arabidopsis, 2,269 up-regulated and 3,519 down-regulated under NaCl treatment compared with the control. Genes related to ion transport, vesicle, reactive oxygengen species scavenging, abscisic acid-dependent signal pathway and transcription factors were found high expression under NaCl treatment, of which 55 genes were likely involved in salt secretion and also confirmed by salt-secretion mutants.The present report identified candidate genes which are highly associated with salt secretion of L. bicolor salt gland. A salt transporting pathway was illustrated to explain how Na+ excreted outside by salt gland in L. bicolor. This data provides a useful reference source for salt secretion study of recretohalophytes.
2017-03-07 | GSE55683 | GEO
Project description:Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) is a halophyte, adapted to grow naturally under high-saline environments. Under control conditions, an inverse correlation was seen between Na and K accumulation, suggesting its facultative nature and ability to use Na-K interchangeably. No significant growth reduction was seen in seedlings upto 250 mM NaCl, except for youngest leaf-curling. Significantly higher accumulation of proline (4.3/1.8-folds), glycine betaine (1.4/1.4-folds) and selected amino-acids (1.4-4.2/1.4-2.3-folds) were seen in root/shoot of seedlings within 8 h stress duration. Inspite of having higher Na-accumulation, significantly lower number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 24 h than 8 h stress duration, indicating transcriptional restoration. As initial hours after NaCl stress are dominated by osmotic-component, 8h-specific DEGs, which are mainly transporters and transcription factors, reflect plant’s response towards NaCl-induced osmotic challenge. Most of the growth-related pathways including photosynthesis and ribosome-associated biogenesis gets suppressed, to support the activation of stress defence. Overexpression of SpRAB18 (an ABA-responsive dehydrin), one of the top-ranked DEGs, was found to impart salt-tolerance in soybean, indicating gene-function level conservation between halophyte and glycophyte. An open-access transcriptome database “SesuviumKB” (https:/ /cb.imsc.res.in/sesuviumkb) was developed to enable wide-scale gene function studies in S. portulacastrum, that could pave the way to engineer salt-tolerance in crops.
2024-06-16 | GSE235196 | GEO