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IFNβ expression is restricted to a subpopulation of splenic pDCs exhibiting a specific immune modulatory transcriptome signature

ABSTRACT: Type I IFNs are critical in initiating protective antiviral immune responses and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) represent a major source of these cytokines. Here we show that only few pDCs are capable to produce IFNβ after virus infection or CpG stimulation. Utilizing IFNβ/YFP reporter mice, we identify these IFNβ-producing cells in the spleen as a CCR9+CD9- pDC subset exclusively localized within the T/B cell zones. IFNβ-producing pDCs exhibit a distinct transcriptome profile with higher expression of genes encoding cytokines and chemokines, facilitating T cell recruitment and activation. These distinctive characteristics of IFNβ-producing pDCs are independent of the type I IFN receptor mediated feedback loop. Furthermore, IFNβ-producing pDCs exhibit enhanced CCR7-dependent migratory properties in vitro and in a peritoneal inflammation model they effectively recruit T cells in vivo. We define “professional type I IFN-producing cells” as a distinct subset of pDCs specialized in coordinating cellular immune responses.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE68788 | GEO | 2015/05/27

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA283852

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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IFN? expression is restricted to a subpopulation of splenic pDCs exhibiting a specific immune modulatory transcriptome signature

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Single-cell analysis reveals stochastic regulation of type I IFN production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and identifies host-derived environmental cues as amplifier of type I IFN production

Project description:Type I interferon (IFN) is a key driver of immunity to infections and cancer. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are uniquely equipped to produce large quantities of type I IFN but the mech-anisms that control this process are poorly understood. Here, we developed a droplet-based microfluidic platform and investigated type I IFN production in human pDCs at the single-cell level. We show that type I IFN but not TNF alpha production is limited to a small subpopulation of individually stimulated pDCs and controlled by stochastic gene regulation. Combining single-cell cytokine analysis with single-cell RNA-seq profiling reveals no evidence for a pre-existing subset of type I IFN-producing pDCs. Intriguingly, by modulating the droplet microenvironment, we demonstrate that vigorous pDC population responses are driven by a type I IFN amplification loop. Our study highlights the significance of stochastic gene regulation and suggests strategies to dissect the characteristics of immune responses at the single-cell level.

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