Molecular responses and metabolic reset of apple fruit under postharvest low oxygen stress
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Malus domestica
PROVIDER: GSE72153 | GEO | 2016/08/20
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA293208
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:In the present work we report data on the application of an integrated approach on apples held under two levels of low oxygen concentrations throughout the initial 2 months of storage, when, in general, strict control of the effects of the extremely low oxygen concentration is required for a successful DCA performance. Examination of 4 different condition. Three replicates per condition
2016-08-20 | E-GEOD-72153 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:EGCG, as an active oxygen scavenger, has a significant effect on inhibiting the greasiness of apples. However, the impact of greasiness on fruit storage and how EGCG eliminates this effect, as well as its influence on apple quality formation, have not been clarified. In this study, we found that exogenous application of EGCG effectively improved a series of nutritional growth indicators, including seedling growth status and photosynthetic activity. Additionally, it significantly increased indicators of reproductive growth, such as fruit diameter, soluble solids content, surface wax, and surface smoothness. Through our experiments, we further discovered that greasiness primarily affects fruit respiration, accelerating fruit decay and causing harm during storage, while EGCG mitigates this process. We also found that the application of tea residue had similar effects to exogenous EGCG. Collectively, these studies suggest that EGCG could be used as a novel foliar fertilizer to enhance overall fruit quality. Moreover, the application of tea residue has similar effects to EGCG, providing a cost-effective solution for apple production.
2023-12-02 | GSE248662 | GEO
Project description:To preserve quality feature and ensuring availability of fresh fruit on the market, apples need to be stored. The low temperature applied during storage, beside avoiding important fruit loss, can also promote the development of serious chilling injury type of disorder, such as superficial scald. One of the strategies largely employed to prevent the development of this phenomenon is the control of the storage atmosphere, by lowering down the concentration of oxygen. In this work, a multifaceted survey was carried out to investigate the variation in transcriptome together with three categories of metabolites (phenolics, lipids and volatile organic compounds, VOCs) in fruit of ‘Granny Smith’ apple cultivar stored in both static and dynamic hypoxia condition for 5 and 7 months, respectively. The global transcriptome survey identified a core set of differentially expressed genes in three main functional groups, revealing as the duration of storage had an important effect in the coordination of gene expression. The effect of the storage time was furthermore highlighted by the DEG-network analysis that identified a distinct number and type of transcriptomic hubs. Samples characterized by the development of superficial scald were distinguished by a higher concentration of chlorogenic acid and a higher expression of PAL and PPO in a time specific fashion. The prevention of this phenomenon was instead related to distinctive re-programming events, involving the accumulation of specific antioxidant types of metabolites, very long chain fatty acids and the expression of genes coordinating an hypoxia acclimation process, such as RAP2-like and PCO.
2023-12-31 | GSE225233 | GEO
Project description:Fruits stored at low temperature for long time can undergo to different type of chilling injuries. In apple, superficial scald represents one of the most serious physiopathy. The typical symptoms of this disorder are represented by the development of important discoloration and black patches on the fruit exocarp. Although this phenomenon has been historically related to α-farnesene, its etiology and physiology are not yet fully disclosed. In the attempt to elucidate the regulating mechanism of its development and prevention, a multidisciplinary survey was performed, integrating different level of metabolite screening (volatiles, polyphenols and lipids) with a large-scale transcriptomic analysis. The comparison between scalded and non-scalded apples (treated with an ethylene competitor) revealed that the prevention of superficial scald is associated with the triggering of cold acclimation-related processes. The interference at the ethylene receptor level stimulates the production of antioxidant compounds to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids to stabilize plastid and vacuole membranes against cold temperature and the accumulation of sugar alcohols with important cryoprotectant roles, such as sorbitol. The accumulation pattern of this polyalcohol was also consistent with the expression profile of MdS6PDH. Moreover, the overexpression of this gene in transgenic line of Arabidopsis thaliana plants provided functional validation of its involvement in the biosynthetic pathway of sorbitol and elucidated its role in the cold acclimation and freezing tolerance process.
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Project description:The ripening physiology of detached fruit is altered by low oxygen conditions with profound effects on quality parameters. To study hypoxia-related processes and regulatory mechanisms, apple (Malus domestica, cv Granny Smith) fruit, harvested at commercial ripening, were kept at 1°C under normoxic (control) and hypoxic (0.4 and 0.8 kPa oxygen) conditions for up to 60 days. NMR analyses of cortex tissue identified eight metabolites showing significantly different accumulations between samples, with ethanol and alanine displaying the most pronounced difference between hypoxic and normoxic treatments. A rapid up-regulation of alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate-related metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase, pyruvate decarboxylase, alanine aminotransferase) gene expression was detected under both hypoxic conditions with a more pronounced effect induced by the lowest (0.4 kPa) oxygen concentration. Both hypoxic conditions negatively affected ACC synthase and ACC oxidase transcript accumulation. Analysis of RNA-seq data of samples collected after 24 days of hypoxic treatment identified more than 1000 genes differentially expressed when comparing 0.4 vs. 0.8 kPa oxygen concentration samples. Genes involved in cell-wall, minor and major CHO, amino acid and secondary metabolisms, fermentation and glycolysis as well as genes involved in transport, defense responses, and oxidation-reduction appeared to be selectively affected by treatments. The lowest oxygen concentration induced a higher expression of transcription factors belonging to AUX/IAA, WRKY, HB, Zinc-finger families, while MADS box family genes were more expressed when apples were kept under 0.8 kPa oxygen. Out of the eight group VII ERF members present in apple genome, two genes showed a rapid up-regulation under hypoxia, and western blot analysis showed that apple MdRAP2.12 proteins were differentially accumulated in normoxic and hypoxic samples, with the highest level reached under 0.4 kPa oxygen. These data suggest that ripe apple tissues finely and specifically modulate sensing and regulatory mechanisms in response to different hypoxic stress conditions.
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Project description:The ripening of climacteric fruits, such as apple, is represented by a series of genetically programmed events orchestrated by the action of several hormones. In this work, we investigated the existence of a hormonal crosstalk between ethylene and auxin during the post-harvest ripening of three internationally known apple cultivars: ‘Golden Deli-cious’, ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’. The normal climacteric ripening was impaired by the exogenous application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) that effectively affected the production of ethylene and the physiological behaviour of specific ethylene-related qual-ity traits, such as fruit texture and the production of volatile organic compounds showed a de-novo accumulation of auxin following the application of 1-MCP. The RNA-Seq wide-transcriptome analysis evidenced as the competition at the level of the ethylene re-ceptors induced a cultivar-dependent transcription re-programming. The DEGs annota-tion carried out through the KEGG database identified as most genes were assigned to the plant hormone signaling transduction category, and specifically related to auxin and ethylene. The interplay between these two hormones was further assessed through a candidate gene analysis that highlighted a specific activation of GH3 and ILL genes, en-coding key steps in the process of the auxin homeostasis mechanism. Our results showed that a compromised ethylene metabolism at the onset of the climacteric ripening in apple can stimulate, in a cultivar-dependent fashion, an initial de-novo synthesis and de-conjugation of auxin as a tentative to restore a normal ripening progression.
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Project description:Apple ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea is an economically significant plant disease that spreads across the apple production areas in China. The pathogen infects apple fruits during the growing season and results in postharvest fruits rot during storage, which brings about a huge loss to plant growers. The study demonstrated that an endophytic bacterium Serratia plymuthica isolated from Chinese leek (Allium tuberosum) significantly suppressed the mycelial growth, severely damaging the typical morphology of B. dothidea, and exerted a high inhibition of 84.64% against apple ring rot on postharvest apple fruit. Furthermore, S. plymuthica significantly reduced the titratable acidity (TA) content, enhanced the soluble sugar (SS) content, vitamin C content, and SS/TA ratio, and maintained the firmness of the fruits. Furthermore, comparing the transcriptomes of the control and the S. plymuthica treated mycelia revealed that S. plymuthica significantly altered the expressions of genes related to membrane (GO:0016020), catalytic activity (GO:0003824), oxidation-reduction process (GO:0055114), and metabolism pathways, including tyrosine metabolism (ko00280), glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (ko00010), and glycerolipid metabolism (ko00561). The present study provided a possible way to control apple ring rot on postharvest fruit and a solid foundation for further exploring the underlying molecular mechanism.
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Project description:Transcription profiling in rats fed modified AIN76 diet, high fat/low fibre, (controls) and rats fed apple-supplemented diets, contained 7.6% of lyophilized apples with low (Golden) or high (Marie M�nard) proanthocyanidins.
2009-06-16 | E-TABM-514 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The use of microbial biocontrol agents for control of postharvest disease has been the subject of intensive research over the past three decades resulting in commercialization of several biocontrol products. The objective of this research was to test endospore-forming bacteria collected from apple leaves for suppression of bitter rot and blue mold on apple. Bacteria were collected from abandoned, low-input, organic, and conventionally managed orchards in Pennsylvania and were screened for their ability to produce endospores, hydrolyze chitin, reduce pathogen growth in vitro, and suppress postharvest disease in vivo. Several isolates reduced bitter rot lesion size on 'Rome Beauty' from 40-89% compared to untreated controls. Bacillus megaterium isolates, A3-6 and Ae-1, resulted in the greatest suppression of bitter rot lesion size. One isolate, A3-2, suppressed blue mold lesion size. Scanning electron microscopy of inoculated apple wounds suggests parasitism as a mode of action explains the suppression of bitter rot lesion size by isolate A3-6. Of the top seventeen isolates exhibiting biocontrol potential, 70% were collected from abandoned or unmanaged locations. This research demonstrates abandoned apple orchards can be a source of new biocontrol agents for control of postharvest diseases of apple.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:The fruit of two apple cultivars - 'Braeburn', which is susceptible to inoculation with Botrytis cinerea, and the less susceptible cv. 'Golden Delicious' - were investigated with respect to their response to inoculation with B. cinerea. Successful infection by B. cinerea leads to an oxidative burst and perturbation of plant redox homeostasis. To investigate the interaction between apple fruit and B. cinerea, antioxidant metabolism in fruit samples from sun-exposed and shaded sides of different tissue types was measured over time. RESULTS:The sun-exposed tissue of 'Braeburn' had higher initial levels of total vitamin C in the peel and phenolic compounds in the flesh than 'Golden Delicious', despite its greater susceptibility to gray mold. A substantial antioxidant response was recorded in diseased 'Braeburn' fruit 14 days after inoculation, which involved an elevated superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbate peroxidase activity, a progressive oxidation of total vitamin C, and a decrease in peroxidase activity and phenolic content. Disease development was slower on the sun-exposed sides than on the shaded sides. CONCLUSION:The two cultivars appeared to utilize different strategies to defend themselves against B. cinerea. 'Golden Delicious' almost entirely escaped infection. Preharvest exposure of apple fruit to high light / temperature stress appears to prepare them to better resist subsequent postharvest attack and disease. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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