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RNA-Seq of rice endosperm under high temperature

ABSTRACT: High temperature during the grain-filling stage causes deleterious effects on storage material accumulation and grain quality. But it is still unclear how high temperature affects storage materials accumulation. In this study, we systemically analyzed the expression pattern of rice genes under high temperture during the grain-filling stage.

ORGANISM(S): Oryza sativa Japonica Group

PROVIDER: GSE73220 | GEO | 2015/10/19

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is one of the major food sources for humans and forage source for animal livestock. Barley endosperm is structured into three distinct cell layers: the starchy endosperm, which acts essentially as storage tissue for starch, the subaleurone, which is characterized by a high accumulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived seed storage proteins (SSP) and finally the aleurone beside the seed coat with a prominent role during seed germination. Prolamins account for more than 50% of the total protein amount in mature seeds. Together with other seed storage proteins (SSPs) they are important for both grain quality and flour quality. Prolamins are synthesized on the rough ER, translocated into the ER lumen and accumulate in distinct, ER-derived protein bodies (PBs) that are most abundant in the SE. PB formation is regulated by the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) that is involved in the disulfide transfer pathway. Here, we used laser microdisection (LMD) to characterize spatio-temporal molecular and morphological differences of the ER during barley endosperm development. We revealed by nanoLC-MS/MS proteomic analyses performed on whole seeds and collected tissues at different seed development stages that the protein level of the protein disulfide isomerase HvPDIL1-1 is spatio-temporally regulated in developing barley endosperm. Our microscopic studies showed that HvPDIL1-1 preferentially accumulates in SE, especially at 12 days after pollination (dap). HvPDIL1-1 re-localized from PBs to the protein matrix at the periphery of starch granules along grain filling process. Detailed analysis of SE proteome dynamics identified clusters of proteins with similar expression pattern as HvPDIL1-1, which were analysed in a protein-protein network. It revealed a strong functional interconnection between transcription and translation, protein folding and amino acid synthesis with sucrose and starch metabolism. Our data indicate a role of HvPDIL1-1 in the coordination of protein synthesis and prolamins deposition during grain filling processes in developing barley endosperm. These results are discussed in relation to the putative role of HvPDIL1-1 for cereal food end-product quality and recombinant protein production in cereal seeds.

Project description:Enhancing grain production of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a top priority in ensuring food security for human being. One approach to increase yield is to delay leaf senescence and to extend the available time for photosynthesis. microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators for aging and cellular senescence in eukayotes. However, miRNAs and their roles in rice leaf senescence remain unexplored. Here, we report identification of miRNAs and their putative target genes by deep sequencing of six small RNA libraries, six RNA-seq libraries and two degradome libraries from the leaves of two super hybrid rice, Nei-2-You 6 (N2Y6, age-resistant rice) and Liang-You-Pei 9 (LYP9, age-sensitive rice). Totally 372 known miRNAs and 162 miRNA candidates were identified, and 1145 targets were identified. Compared with the expression of miRNAs in the leaves of LYP9, the numbers of miRNAs up-regulated and down-regulated in the leaves of N2Y6 were 47 and 30 at early stage of grain-filling, 21 and 17 at the middle stage, and 11 and 37 at the late stage, respectively. Six miRNA families, osa-miR159, osa-miR160 osa-miR164, osa-miR167, osa-miR172 and osa-miR1848, targeting the genes encoding APETALA2 (AP2), zinc finger proteins, salicylic acid-induced protein 19 (SIP19), Auxin response factors (ARF) and NAC transcription factors, respectively, were found to be involved in leaf senescence through phytohormone signaling pathways. These results provided valuable information for understanding the miRNA-mediated leaf senescence of rice, and offered an important foundation for rice breeding. [miRNA] sample 1:The flag leaves at early stage of grain-filling of N2Y6 rice; sample 2: The flag leaves at middle stage of grain-filling of N2Y6 rice;sample 3:The flag leaves at late stage of grain-filling of N2Y6 rice; sample 4:The flag leaves at early stage of grain-filling of LYP9 rice; sample 5: The flag leaves at middle stage of grain-filling of LYP9 rice;sample 6:The flag leaves at late stage of grain-filling of LYP9 rice. [DGE]: samples 7-12 [degradome (targets)]: samples 13:The flag leaves at mixed stages of grain-filling of N2Y6 rice; sample 14:The flag leaves at mixed stages of grain-filling of LYP9 rice

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RNA-Seq of rice endosperm under high temperature

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