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Epigenetic Profile in Transcription elongation factors are in vivo-specific cancer dependencies in glioma

ABSTRACT: Glioblastoma ranks as one of the most lethal human cancers, with no effective therapies. To discover novel therapeutic targets, here we performed parallel in vivo and in vitro RNA interference screens of epigenetic regulators and show that transcription elongation factors are essential for human glioblastoma cell survival in vivo, but not in vitro. Context-specific dependency in vivo is driven by microenvironment-induced global changes in the cancer epigenome. JMJD6, a top in vivo-specific hit, binds at enhancers and correlates with increased transcription of known pause-controlled genes. JMJD6 knockdown in patient-derived glioblastoma cells enhances survival of mice bearing orthotopic tumors. Moreover, elevated levels of JMJD6 alone, as well as transcription elongation factors collectively, informs tumor grade and predicts poor prognosis for patients. Our work provides a rationale for targeting transcription elongation as a therapeutic strategy in glioblastoma and, more broadly, the power of in vivo phenotypic screening to identify therapeutically relevant targets in cancer.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE74520 | GEO | 2017/04/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA300650

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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RNA-seq Profiles in Transcription elongation factors are in vivo-specific cancer dependencies in glioma

Project description:Glioblastoma ranks as one of the most lethal human cancers, with no effective therapies. To discover novel therapeutic targets, here we performed parallel in vivo and in vitro RNA interference screens of epigenetic regulators and show that transcription elongation factors are essential for human glioblastoma cell survival in vivo, but not in vitro. Context-specific dependency in vivo is driven by microenvironment-induced global changes in the cancer epigenome. JMJD6, a top in vivo-specific hit, binds at enhancers and correlates with increased transcription of known pause-controlled genes. JMJD6 knockdown in patient-derived glioblastoma cells enhances survival of mice bearing orthotopic tumors. Moreover, elevated levels of JMJD6 alone, as well as transcription elongation factors collectively, informs tumor grade and predicts poor prognosis for patients. Our work provides a rationale for targeting transcription elongation as a therapeutic strategy in glioblastoma and, more broadly, the power of in vivo phenotypic screening to identify therapeutically relevant targets in cancer.

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Glioblastoma Stem Cells Reprogram Chromatin In Vivo To Generate Selective Therapeutic Dependencies [ChIP-Seq]

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Project description:Glioblastoma ranks among the most aggressive and lethal of all human cancers, with poor responses to all therapeutic modalities. Self-renewing, highly tumorigenic glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to therapeutic resistance and maintain cellular heterogeneity. Identification of GSC vulnerabilities may provide novel therapeutic targets for treating glioblastoma. Here, we interrogated superenhancer landscapes of primary glioblastoma specimens and patient-derived GSCs, revealing a kelch domain-containing gene (KLHDC8A) with a previously unknown function as an epigenetically driven oncogene. Targeting KLHDC8A decreased GSC proliferation, reduced sphere formation, induced apoptosis, and impaired in vivo tumor growth. Transcription factor control circuitry analyses revealed that the master transcriptional regulator SOX2 contributes to KLHDC8A expression. Mechanistically, KLHDC8A functions in the assembly of primary cilia via interactions with Chaperonin-containing TCP1 (CCT) and establishes a platform for a critical stem-specific signaling node through the Hedgehog pathway. Furthermore, we identified that Hedgehog and Aurora B/C Kinase signaling are complementary in GSCs, and dual inhibition synergistically inhibits GSC proliferation. Collectively, superenhancers enrich for essential mediators of cellular identity and offer a novel regulatory mechanism whereby promotion of ciliogenesis establishes and maintains a core GSC signaling node via the Hedgehog pathway, potentially offering insights into therapeutic vulnerabilities for glioblastoma treatment.

2022-12-22 | GSE207760 | GEO

JMJD6-DGAT1 Signaling Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Tumorigenesis in ccRCC

Project description:Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents a lethal disease and classically resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy, highlighting the importance of identifying new therapeutic vulnerabilities. We performed a functional siRNA screening for all 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)-dependent enzymes in ccRCC using 3-D soft agar colony formation assay, and combined with TCGA data, we identified Jumonji domain-containing 6 (JMJD6) as an essential gene for ccRCC tumorigenesis. Downregulation of JMJD6 abolished ccRCC colony formation in vitro and inhibited orthotopic tumor growth in vivo. Integrated analyses of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq identified that JMJD6 can transcriptionally regulate the expression of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) by co-occupying the target gene promoter with H3K4me3. Downregulation of JMJD6 caused decreased expression of DGAT1 at both mRNA and protein level. Inhibition or depletion of DGAT1 induced decreased cell growth in vitro or inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, decreased DGAT1 caused decreased LD formation in ccRCC, while restoration of JMJD6 expression can restore DGAT1 level, and LD formation as well as cell growth. In summary, JMJD6 is essential for ccRCC lipid storage and tumorigenesis through a DGAT1-dependent signaling. Therefore, the JMJD6-DGAT1 axis serves as a potential therapeutic avenue for ccRCC.

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Knock-down and Over-expression of JMJD6 in MCF-7 and/or MDA-MB231

Project description:By survival analysis of breast cancer patients, JMJD6 was found to be significantly associated with poor prognosis. Over-expression and knock-down of JMJD6 in breast cancer cell lines suggested a role in proliferation. In order to study the transcriptional events that occur following JMJD6 expression changes, siRNA-mediated knock-down of JMJD6 was performed in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 and stable over-expression of JMJD6 was performed in MCF-7. There are 2 different siRNA-mediated knock-downs of JMJD6 with 2 biological replicates in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231; 3 clones of JMJD6 over-expression with 3 biological replicates in MCF-7. The control for the knock-downs is scrambled siRNA-treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 and the control for JMJD6 over-expression is empty vector over-expression in MCF-7.

2012-05-09 | E-GEOD-31782 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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