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Cancer Immunosurveillance by Innate Lymphoid Cells and Innate-like T Cells

ABSTRACT: Malignancy can be suppressed by the immune system in a process termed immunosurveillance. However, to what extent immunosurveillance occurs in spontaneous cancers and the composition of participating cell types remain obscure. Here we show that cell transformation triggers a tissue-resident lymphocyte response in oncogene-induced murine cancer models. Non-circulating cytotoxic lymphocytes, derived from innate, TCRαβ and TCRγδ lineages, expand in early tumors. Characterized by high expression of NK1.1, CD49a and CD103, these cells share a gene expression signature distinct from those of conventional NK cells, T cells and invariant NKT cells. Generation of these lymphocytes is dependent on the cytokine IL-15, but not the transcription factor Nfil3 that is required for the differentiation of tumor-infiltrating NK cells; and IL-15, but not Nfil3, deficiency results in accelerated tumor growth. These findings reveal a novel tumor-elicited cancer immunosurveillance mechanism that engages unconventional type 1-like innate lymphoid cells and type 1 innate-like T cells.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE76362 | GEO | 2016/01/21

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA307101

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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