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Tonicity induced changes in Gene expression in IMCD cells

ABSTRACT: Tonicity induced massive changes in gene expression. Already the acute challange for 3 h affected significantly the expression of thousands of genes. The overall differences in gene expression were hightes between cells cultivated at 300 compared to cells cultivated at 900 mosmol/kg

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE76632 | GEO | 2016/04/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA308203

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Development of radiation medical countermeasures under the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Animal Rule requires the capability to translate an effective animal to human drug dose. One method of human dose translation is using a biomarker and determining drug doses that modulate the biomarker to the desired level. BIO 300 Oral Powder (BIO 300) is a prophylactic radiation medical countermeasure that is currently being developed following the Animal Rule. The present study aimed to identify biomarkers that can be used for human dose conversion by conducting transcriptomics of whole blood collected from BIO 300-treated CD2F1 mice in the presence and absence of total-body irradiation (TBI). Mice were treated with vehicle or 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg BIO 300, twice daily, for 6 days. Whole blood samples were collected 24 and 48 h after the last dose of the drug. Animals were also treated with vehicle or 200 mg/kg BIO 300 for 6 days prior to 9.2 Gy TBI 24 h after the last dose, with blood collection 24 h after irradiation. RNA sequencing demonstrated 100 – 200 mg/kg doses caused significantly more differential gene expression at 48 h post-drug dose compared to 50 mg/kg. Pathway analysis of the transcriptome profile from vehicle-treated/radiation-exposed mice revealed that many inflammatory signaling pathways were activated in these animals. Signaling pathways enriched in BIO 300-treated/TBI mice were involved in cellular stress and immune response and were predicted to be inhibited. We also identified pathways that were in inverse states (activation/inhibition) in vehicle and BIO 300-treated mice with TBI. There were two pathways specifically activated in vehicle-treated animals with TBI and inhibited in BIO 300-treated animals (with or without TBI), pathogen-induced cytokine storm signaling and S100 family signaling. In comparison to previously published human data, pulmonary fibrosis idiopathic signaling and wound healing signaling were enriched in healthy volunteers treated with BIO 300 and BIO 300-treated mice with TBI. In all, four signaling pathways were identified that were activated in vehicle-treated animals exposed to total body radiation but inhibited in irradiated animals or healthy humans treated with BIO 300. These pathways should be explored to identify potential biomarkers of BIO 300 that can be used for human dose translation.

Project description:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed, carcinogenic environmental contaminants produced as a consequence of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a very extensively studied prototypical PAH. We recently reported a complete lack of change in microRNA (miRNA) expression in adult mouse liver following oral gavage with BaP despite a robust transcriptome response. We hypothesized that hepatic miRNAs may not be highly responsive to the treatment. Here, we analyse the pulmonary mRNA and miRNA response to BaP in the same mice. Adult male B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 5, 50, 150 and 300 mg/kg BaP by oral gavage for three consecutive days and sacrificed 4 or 24 hours after the last exposure. Serum clinical chemistry and DNA adduct levels in whole lung and liver tissues were analysed at both the time points for all the doses. Acute exposure to BaP resulted in modest decreases in serum inorganic phosphorous, calcium, glucose, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in animals treated with 300 mg/kg BaP. 32P postlabeling of DNA revealed similar increases in BaP-DNA adducts in both lungs and livers of exposed mice in a dose dependent manner at the 4 hour time point. Using DNA microarrays, pulmonary mRNA and miRNA expression was analysed 4 hours after the final exposure. Over 1,000 genes were statistically differentially expressed (fold change > 1.5 and p < 0.05), encompassing numerous pathways including: oxidative stress, xenobiotic metabolism, cell proliferation, cell cycle, B and T-cell receptor signalling and primary immunodeficiency signalling pathways. Analysis of miRNA profiles revealed downregulation of miR-150, miR-142-5p, 142-3p and upregulation of miR-34c and miR-29b. These miRNAs are involved in various biological processes including immune response, cell proliferation and cell cycle, which are also the main pathways affected at the gene expression level. As BaP exposure does not result in hepatocarcinogenicity, but does cause lung cancer, these miRNAs may play an important role in the outcome of the exposure and be more predictive of carcinogenesis. Keywords: mRNA, miRNA, Pulmonary, non-target tissue, Toxicogenomics, Benzoapyrene Adult male B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 5, 50, 150 and 300 mg/kg BaP by oral gavage for three consecutive days and sacrificed 4 or 24 hours after the last exposure. Serum clinical chemistry and DNA adduct levels in whole lung and liver tissues were analysed at both the time points for all the doses. Using DNA microarrays, pulmonary mRNA and miRNA expression was analysed 4 hours after the final exposure. This submission only contains the 4hr time point, at control, 150mg/kg and 300mg/kg (except for the liver study where only the control and 300mg/kg samples were used).

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Tonicity induced changes in Gene expression in IMCD cells

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