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Distinct Gene Regulatory Pathways for Human Innate Versus Adaptive Lymphoid Cells

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE78897 | GEO | 2016/05/13

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA314321

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Distinct Gene Regulatory Pathways for Human Innate Versus Adaptive Lymphoid Cells

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

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Distinct Gene Regulatory Pathways for Human Innate versus Adaptive Lymphoid Cells.

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Distinct Gene Regulatory Pathways for Human Innate Versus Adaptive Lymphoid Cells [gene expression]

Project description:Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) serve as sentinels in mucosal tissues, sensing release of soluble inflammatory mediators, rapidly communicating danger via cytokine secretion, and functioning as guardians of tissue homeostasis. Although ILCs have been studied extensively in model organisms, little is known about these âfirst respondersâ in humans, especially their lineage and functional kinships to cytokine-secreting T helper cell (Th) counterparts. Here, we report gene regulatory circuitries for four human ILCâTh counterparts derived from mucosal environments, revealing that each ILC subset diverges as a distinct lineage from Th and circulating natural killer cells, but shares circuitry devoted to functional polarization with their Th counterparts. Super-enhancers demarcate cohorts of cell identity genes in each lineage, uncovering new modes of regulation for signature cytokines, novel molecules that likely impart important functions to ILCs, and potential mechanisms for autoimmune disease SNP associations within ILCâTh subsets. RNA was isolated from two to five replicates of ILC1, ILC3, Th1, Th2 and NK cells. Gene expression levels were determined using Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays.

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Project description:Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) serve as sentinels in mucosal tissues, sensing release of soluble inflammatory mediators, rapidly communicating danger via cytokine secretion, and functioning as guardians of tissue homeostasis. Although ILCs have been studied extensively in model organisms, little is known about these “first responders” in humans, especially their lineage and functional kinships to cytokine-secreting T helper cell (Th) counterparts. Here, we report gene regulatory circuitries for four human ILC–Th counterparts derived from mucosal environments, revealing that each ILC subset diverges as a distinct lineage from Th and circulating natural killer cells, but shares circuitry devoted to functional polarization with their Th counterparts. Super-enhancers demarcate cohorts of cell identity genes in each lineage, uncovering new modes of regulation for signature cytokines, novel molecules that likely impart important functions to ILCs, and potential mechanisms for autoimmune disease SNP associations within ILC–Th subsets.

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