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Tdrd6a recruits Ziwi-bound piRNAs and coordinates deposition of germ plasm mRNAs into primordial germ cells [scRNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Germ plasm, the Balbiani body and nuage are evolutionary conserved structures essential for germ cell specification and maintenance. We describe Tdrd6a as a component of these structures with two distinct molecular functions. First, Tdrd6a facilitates the accumulation of the typical antisense-bias of piRNAs, without having effects on piRNA biogenesis signatures. Second, we show that Tdrd6a is required for Balbiani body and germ plasm integrity, and associates with RNA-binding proteins and germ plasm mRNAs. On the cell-biological level, maternally contributed Tdrd6a strongly impacts germ cell formation, but is dispensable for fertility. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing we demonstrate that Tdrd6a promotes early germ cell development and regulates the stoichiometry of germ plasm mRNAs. We propose that Tdrd6a functions as a scaffold to recruit correct ratios of germ plasm transcripts and to accumulate antisense piRNA complexes in order to ensure both specification and maintenance of germ cells.

ORGANISM(S): Danio rerio

PROVIDER: GSE79283 | GEO | 2018/07/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Tdrd6a recruits Ziwi-bound piRNAs and coordinates deposition of germ plasm mRNAs into primordial germ cells [small RNA]

Project description:Germ plasm, the Balbiani body and nuage are evolutionary conserved structures essential for germ cell specification and maintenance. We describe Tdrd6a as a component of these structures with two distinct molecular functions. First, Tdrd6a facilitates the accumulation of the typical antisense-bias of piRNAs, without having effects on piRNA biogenesis signatures. Second, we show that Tdrd6a is required for Balbiani body and germ plasm integrity, and associates with RNA-binding proteins and germ plasm mRNAs. On the cell-biological level, maternally contributed Tdrd6a strongly impacts germ cell formation, but is dispensable for fertility. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing we demonstrate that Tdrd6a promotes early germ cell development and regulates the stoichiometry of germ plasm mRNAs. We propose that Tdrd6a functions as a scaffold to recruit correct ratios of germ plasm transcripts and to accumulate antisense piRNA complexes in order to ensure both specification and maintenance of germ cells.

2018-07-24 | GSE107682 | GEO

Tdrd6a recruits Ziwi-bound piRNAs and coordinates deposition of germ plasm mRNAs into primordial germ cells [RIP-Seq]

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Modulation of Aub–Tdrd interactions elucidates piRNA amplification and germ plasm formation

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Rbm24 dictates mRNA recruitment for germ plasm assembly

Project description:Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are the most common membrane-less biomolecular condensates. However, the mechanisms underlying their assembly are largely unknown. The aggregation of germ plasm determines the fate of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and serves as a model for RNP granule assembly. Here, we show that maternal RNA binding protein Rbm24a is the key factor governing specific sorting of mRNAs. Mechanistically, Rbm24a complexes with Buc and interacts to dictate the specific grasp of germ plasm mRNAs into phase-separated condensates. Germ plasm particles lacking Rbm24a and mRNAs fail to undergo kinesin-dependent transport towards the cleavage furrows where small granules fuse into large aggregates. Therefore, the loss of maternal Rbm24a causes a complete degradation of germ plasm and the disappearance of PGCs. These findings demonstrate that Rbm24a functions as a nucleating organizer of the germ plasm, highlighting an emerging mechanism for RNA-binding proteins in reading and recruiting RNA components into the phase-separated protein scaffold.

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Tdrd6a recruits Ziwi-bound piRNAs and coordinates deposition of germ plasm mRNAs into primordial germ cells

Project description:Tdrd6a recruits Ziwi-bound piRNAs and coordinates deposition of germ plasm mRNAs into primordial germ cells

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Tdrd6a regulates the aggregation of Buc into functional subcellular compartments that drive germ cell specification

Project description:In recent years, it has become clear that membrane-less structures formed through phase separation represent an important class of subcellular compartmentalization. However, little is known about how the formation or disassembly of such compartments is regulated. The Balbiani body (Bb) is a phase-separated structure essential for germ cell specification and home to many germ cell-specific mRNAs and proteins. Throughout oogenesis, the structure assembles all critical components required for germ cell induction upon fertilization, then referred to as germ plasm (Gp). In zebrafish, formation of the Bb requires Bucky ball (Buc), a protein with prion-like properties. We have found that Tdrd6a interacts directly with Buc and regulates its aggregation into a functional Bb. Without Tdrd6a, the morphology and mobility of the Bb and the Gp are severely affected, ultimately resulting in PGC depletion in the progeny. Since germ cells are rich in phase-separated structures, many more of such regulatory interactions exist.

2018-06-13 | PXD008322 | Pride

Modulation of Aub–Tdrd interactions elucidates piRNA amplification and germ plasm formation

Project description:Modulation of Aub–Tdrd interactions elucidates piRNA amplification and germ plasm formation

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Rbm24 dictates mRNA recruitment for germ plasm assembly

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Tdrd6a recruits Ziwi-bound piRNAs and coordinates deposition of germ plasm mRNAs into primordial germ cells [small RNA]

Project description:Tdrd6a recruits Ziwi-bound piRNAs and coordinates deposition of germ plasm mRNAs into primordial germ cells [small RNA]

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Specialized germline P-bodies are required to specify germ cell fate in C. elegans embryos

Project description:In animals with germ plasm, specification of the germline involves “germ granules”, cytoplasmic condensates that enrich maternal transcripts in the germline founder cells. In C. elegans embryos, P granules enrich maternal transcripts, but surprisingly P granules are not essential for germ cell fate specification. Here we describe a second condensate in the C. elegans germ plasm. Like canonical P-bodies found in somatic cells, “germline P-bodies” contain regulators of mRNA decapping and deadenylation and, in addition, the intrinsically-disordered proteins MEG-1 and MEG-2 and the TIS11-family RNA-binding protein POS-1. Embryos lacking meg-1 and meg-2 do not stabilize P-body components, miss-regulate POS-1 targets, miss-specify the germline founder cell, and do not develop a germline. Our findings suggest that specification of the germ line involves at least two distinct condensates that independently enrich and regulate maternal mRNAs in the germline founder cells.

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