TGFβ signaling directs serrated adenomas to the mesenchymal colorectal cancer subtype
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE79462 | GEO | 2016/06/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA315874
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The heterogeneous nature of colorectal cancer (CRC) complicates prognosis and is suggested to be a determining factor in the efficacy of adjuvant therapy for individual patients. Based on gene expression profiling, CRC is currently classified into four consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs), characterized by specific biological programs, thus suggesting the existence of unifying developmental drivers for each CMS Using human organoid cultures, we investigated the role of such developmental drivers at the premalignant stage of distinct CRC subtypes and found that TGFβ plays an important role in the development of the mesenchymal CMS4, which is of special interest due to its association with dismal prognosis. We show that in tubular adenomas (TAs), which progress to classical CRCs, the dominating response to TGFβ is death by apoptosis. By contrast, induction of a mesenchymal phenotype upon TGFβ treatment prevails in a genetically engineered organoid culture carrying a BRAF(V) (600E) mutation, constituting a model system for sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs). Our data indicate that TGFβ signaling is already active in SSA precursor lesions and that TGFβ is a critical cue for directing SSAs to the mesenchymal, poor-prognosis CMS4 of CRC.
| S-EPMC4931289 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Colorectal cancer can be divided into four consensus molecular subtypes, which might associate with distinct precursor lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the subtype affiliation of two types of colorectal adenomas: tubular adenomas (TAs) and sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) and to determine the activity of TGFβ signaling and the role of this cytokine in subtype affiliation. Adenoma samples were collected in the Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tubular adenomas (TAs) were obtained from familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients and sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) were collected from serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) patients.
2016-06-01 | GSE79460 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2016-06-01 | E-GEOD-79462 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of TGFβ at the premalignant stage of CRC development. Organoid cultures were isolated from normal colon and from tubular adenomas. One normal colon culture was genetically engineered using the CRISPR-Cas9 system to carry the BRAFV600E mutation.
2016-06-01 | GSE79461 | GEO
Project description:Colorectal cancer can be divided into four consensus molecular subtypes, which might associate with distinct precursor lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the subtype affiliation of two types of colorectal adenomas: tubular adenomas (TAs) and sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) and to determine the activity of TGFβ signaling and the role of this cytokine in subtype affiliation. Adenoma samples were collected in the Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tubular adenomas (TAs) were obtained from familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients and sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) were collected from serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) patients. Gene expression was analyzed for 7 sessile serrated adenomas (SSA) and 9 tubular adenomas (TA).
2016-06-01 | E-GEOD-79460 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of TGFβ at the premalignant stage of CRC development. Organoid cultures were isolated from normal colon and from tubular adenomas. One normal colon culture was genetically engineered using the CRISPR-Cas9 system to carry the BRAFV600E mutation. Organoid cultures of three different tubular adenomas and two normal colon samples, and one BRAFV600E-mutant organoid culture received TGFβ or control treatment after which gene expression was analyzed by microarray (Affymetrix U133+ PM Genechip Array).
2016-06-01 | E-GEOD-79461 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:TGFβ signaling directs serrated adenomas to the mesenchymal colorectal cancer subtype
| PRJNA315874 | ENA
Project description:ObjectivesEndoscopist quality measures such as adenoma detection rate (ADR) and serrated polyp detection rates (SPDRs) depend on pathologist classification of histology. Although variation in pathologic interpretation is recognized, we add to the literature by quantifying the impact of pathologic variability on endoscopist performance.MethodsWe used natural language processing to abstract relevant data from colonoscopy and related pathology reports performed over 2 years at four clinical sites. We quantified each pathologist's likelihood of classifying polyp specimens as adenomas or serrated polyps. We estimated the impact on endoscopists' ADR and SPDR of sending their specimens to pathologists with higher or lower classification rates.ResultsWe observed 85,526 colonoscopies performed by 119 endoscopists; 50,453 had a polyp specimen, which were analyzed by 48 pathologists. There was greater variation across pathologists in classification of serrated polyps than in classification of adenomas. We estimate the endoscopist's average SPDR would be 0.5% if all their specimens were analyzed by the pathologist in our sample with the lowest classification rate and 12.0% if all their specimens were analyzed by the pathologist with the highest classification rate. In contrast, the endoscopist's average ADR would be 28.5% and 42.4% if their specimens were analyzed by the pathologist with lowest and highest classification rate, respectively.ConclusionsThere is significant variation in pathologic interpretation, which more substantially affects endoscopist SPDR than ADR.
| S-EPMC6049074 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background & aimsEndoscopic screening reduces incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) because precursor lesions, such as conventional adenomas or serrated polyps, are removed. Individuals with polypectomies are advised to undergo colonoscopy surveillance to prevent CRC. However, guidelines for surveillance intervals after diagnosis of a precursor lesion, particularly for individuals with serrated polyps, vary widely, and lack sufficient supporting evidence. Consequently, some high-risk patients do not receive enough surveillance and lower-risk subjects receive excessive surveillance.MethodsWe examined the association between findings from first endoscopy and CRC risk among 122,899 participants who underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy in the Nurses' Health Study 1 (1990-2012), Nurses' Health Study 2 (1989-2013), or the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1990-2012). Endoscopic findings were categorized as no polyp, conventional adenoma, or serrated polyp (hyperplastic polyp, traditional serrated adenoma, or sessile serrated adenoma, with or without cytological dysplasia). Conventional adenomas were classified as advanced (≥10 mm, high-grade dysplasia, or tubulovillous or villous histology) or nonadvanced, and serrated polyps were assigned to categories of large (≥10 mm) or small (<10 mm). We used a Cox proportional hazards regression model to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of CRC incidence, after adjusting for various potential risk factors.ResultsAfter a median follow-up period of 10 years, we documented 491 incident cases of CRC: 51 occurred in 6161 participants with conventional adenomas, 24 in 5918 participants with serrated polyps, and 427 in 112,107 participants with no polyp. Compared with participants with no polyp detected during initial endoscopy, the multivariable HR for incident CRC in individuals with an advanced adenoma was 4.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.89-5.72) and the HR for CRC in individuals with a large serrated polyp was 3.35 (95% CI 1.37-8.15). In contrast, there was no significant increase in risk of CRC in patients with nonadvanced adenomas (HR 1.21; 95% CI 0.68-2.16, P = .52) or small serrated polyps (HR 1.25; 95% CI 0.76-2.08; P = .38).ConclusionsThese findings provide support for guidelines that recommend repeat lower endoscopy within 3 years of a diagnosis of advanced adenoma and large serrated polyps. In contrast, patients with nonadvanced adenoma or small serrated polyps may not require more intensive surveillance than patients without polyps.
| S-EPMC6954345 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeColorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines recommend increased surveillance of individuals with sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps), but there is uncertainty about the risk associated with SSA/Ps. We aimed to determine the association between SSA/Ps and subsequent advanced colorectal neoplasia.MethodsThis case-control study included Kaiser Permanente Washington (KPWA) members who received an index colonoscopy between 1/1/1998 and 12/31/2007, and had hyperplastic polyps (HPs) or SSA/Ps but no conventional adenomas according to study pathologist histologic review. Subsequent pathology reports and biopsies through 1/1/2013 were reviewed for advanced colorectal neoplasia. We linked to the Seattle-Puget Sound Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry to identify additional CRC cases. We used generalized estimating equations with a logit link to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for advanced colorectal neoplasia, comparing those with SSA/Ps to those with HPs.ResultsThere were 161 individuals with index SSA/Ps, 548 with HPs, and 918 subsequent endoscopies included in analyses. Of those with index SSA/Ps, 19 had subsequent advanced colorectal neoplasia; 39 with HPs had subsequent advanced colorectal neoplasia. Compared to those with HPs, those with SSA/Ps were not statistically significantly more likely to have subsequent advanced colorectal neoplasia (adjusted OR 1.79; CI 0.98-3.28). Polyp size ≥ 10 mm, right colon location, and the presence of multiple serrated polyps were also not associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia.ConclusionsOur results suggest that there is not a strong association between SSA/Ps and subsequent advanced colorectal neoplasia during the 5 years following SSA/P removal.
| S-EPMC6736607 | biostudies-literature