Assessing the mechanism and therapeutic potential of modulators of the human mediator complex-associated protein kinases
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE80472 | GEO | 2016/12/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA319014
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Mediator-associated kinases CDK8/19 are context-dependent drivers or suppressors of tumorigenesis. Their inhibition is predicted to have pleiotropic effects, but it is unclear whether this will limit the clinical utility of CDK8/19 inhibitors. We discovered two series of potent chemical probes with high selectivity for CDK8/19. Despite pharmacodynamic evidence for robust on-target activity, the compounds exhibited only modest efficacy against human tumor cell line or patient-derived xenografts. Expression profiling detected altered gene expression consistent with CDK8/19 inhibition, including profiles associated with superenhancer–regulated gene expression. In a mouse model expressing oncogenic beta-catenin, treatment shifted cells within hyperplastic intestinal crypts from a stem cell to a transit amplifying phenotype. Finally, in two species, neither test compound was tolerated at therapeutically-relevant exposures. The complex nature of the toxicity observed with two structurally-differentiated chemical series is consistent with on-target effects posing significant challenges to the further clinical development of CDK8/19 inhibitors.
2016-12-01 | GSE80471 | GEO
Project description:Mediator-associated kinases CDK8/19 are context-dependent drivers or suppressors of tumorigenesis. Their inhibition is predicted to have pleiotropic effects, but it is unclear whether this will limit the clinical utility of CDK8/19 inhibitors. We discovered two series of potent chemical probes with high selectivity for CDK8/19. Despite pharmacodynamic evidence for robust on-target activity, the compounds exhibited only modest efficacy against human tumor cell line or patient-derived xenografts. Expression profiling detected altered gene expression consistent with CDK8/19 inhibition, including profiles associated with superenhancer–regulated gene expression. In a mouse model expressing oncogenic beta-catenin, treatment shifted cells within hyperplastic intestinal crypts from a stem cell to a transit amplifying phenotype. Finally, in two species, neither test compound was tolerated at therapeutically-relevant exposures. The complex nature of the toxicity observed with two structurally-differentiated chemical series is consistent with on-target effects posing significant challenges to the further clinical development of CDK8/19 inhibitors.
2016-12-01 | GSE80470 | GEO
Project description:Mediator-associated kinases CDK8/19 are context-dependent drivers or suppressors of tumorigenesis. Their inhibition is predicted to have pleiotropic effects, but it is unclear whether this will impact on the clinical utility of CDK8/19 inhibitors. We discovered two series of potent chemical probes with high selectivity for CDK8/19. Despite pharmacodynamic evidence for robust on-target activity, the compounds exhibited modest, though significant, efficacy against human tumor lines and patient-derived xenografts. Altered gene expression was consistent with CDK8/19 inhibition, including profiles associated with super-enhancers, immune and inflammatory responses and stem cell function. In a mouse model expressing oncogenic beta-catenin, treatment shifted cells within hyperplastic intestinal crypts from a stem cell to a transit amplifying phenotype. In two species, neither probe was tolerated at therapeutically-relevant exposures. The complex nature of the toxicity observed with two structurally-differentiated chemical series is consistent with on-target effects posing significant challenges to the clinical development of CDK8/19 inhibitors.
| S-EPMC5224920 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Assessing the mechanism and therapeutic potential of modulators of the human mediator complex-associated protein kinases
| PRJNA319014 | ENA
Project description:The Mediator complex-associated cyclin-dependent kinase CDK8 has been implicated in human disease, particularly in colorectal cancer where it has been reported as a putative oncogene. Here we report the discovery of 109 (CCT251921), a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of CDK8 with equipotent affinity for CDK19. We describe a structure-based design approach leading to the discovery of a 3,4,5-trisubstituted-2-aminopyridine series and present the application of physicochemical property analyses to successfully reduce in vivo metabolic clearance, minimize transporter-mediated biliary elimination while maintaining acceptable aqueous solubility. Compound 109 affords the optimal compromise of in vitro biochemical, pharmacokinetic, and physicochemical properties and is suitable for progression to animal models of cancer.
| S-EPMC5362750 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Autophagy, defined as a scavenging process of protein aggregates and damaged organelles mediated by lysosomes, plays a significant role in the quality control of macromolecules and organelles. Since protein kinases are integral to the autophagy process, it is critically important to understand the role of kinases in autophagic regulation. At present, intervention of autophagic processes by small-molecule modulators targeting specific kinases has becoming a reasonable and prevalent strategy for treating several varieties of human disease, especially cancer. In this review, we describe the role of some autophagy-related kinase targets and kinase-mediated phosphorylation mechanisms in autophagy regulation. We also summarize the small-molecule kinase inhibitors/activators of these targets, highlighting the opportunities of these new therapeutic agents.
| S-EPMC7161711 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Human protein kinases are highly-sought-after drug targets, historically harnessed for treating cancer, cardiovascular disease, and an increasing number of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Most current treatments involve small molecule protein kinase inhibitors that interact orthosterically with the protein kinase ATP-binding pocket. As a result, these compounds are often poorly selective and highly toxic. Part I of this series reviews the role of PKC isoforms in various human diseases, featuring cancer and cardiovascular disease, as well as translational examples of PKC modulation applied to human health and disease. In the present Part II, we discuss alternative allosteric binding mechanisms for targeting PKC, as well as novel drug platforms, such as modified peptides. A major goal is to design protein kinase modulators with enhanced selectivity and improved pharmacological properties. To this end, we use molecular docking analysis to predict the mechanisms of action for inhibitor-kinase interactions that can facilitate the development of next-generation PKC modulators.
| S-EPMC10743673 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is an NAD+-dependent protein deacylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase of the sirtuin family with a wide substrate specificity. In vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that SIRT6 overexpression or activation has beneficial effects for cellular processes such as DNA repair, metabolic regulation, and aging. On the other hand, SIRT6 has contrasting roles in cancer, acting either as a tumor suppressor or promoter in a context-specific manner. Given its central role in cellular homeostasis, SIRT6 has emerged as a promising target for the development of small-molecule activators and inhibitors possessing a therapeutic potential in diseases ranging from cancer to age-related disorders. Moreover, specific modulators allow the molecular details of SIRT6 activity to be scrutinized and further validate the enzyme as a pharmacological target. In this Perspective, we summarize the current knowledge about SIRT6 pharmacology and medicinal chemistry and describe the features of the activators and inhibitors identified so far.
| S-EPMC8389836 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2015-10-26 | E-GEOD-67849 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:There is an unmet need for chemical tools to explore the role of the Mediator complex in human pathologies ranging from cancer to cardiovascular disease. Here we determine that CCT251545 a WNT-pathway inhibitor discovered by cell-based screening is a potent and selective chemical probe for the Mediator complex-associated protein kinases CDK8 and CDK19. CCT251545 is an ATP competitive inhibitor with >100-fold selectivity over 291 other kinases. X-ray crystallography demonstrates Type 1 binding involving insertion of the CDK8 C-terminus into the ligand binding site. In contrast to Type II inhibitors of CDK8/19 CCT251545 displays potent cell-based activity. We show that CCT251545 and close analogues not only alter WNT-pathway regulated gene expression but also other CDK8/19 targets including STAT1-regulated gene expression. Consistent with this we find that phospho-STAT1SER727 is a biomarker of CDK8 kinase activity in vitro and in vivo. Finally we demonstrate in vivo activity of CCT251545 in WNT-dependent tumours. Colo205 colon cancer cells were treated with 350 nM of Compound 1 or with vehicle (DMSO) for 2 or 6h. Four samples with four biological repeats each. Samples were hybridized against human reference. Compound 1 is a close analogue of a 3,4,5-trisubstituted pyridine series identified from a high-throughput cell-based reporter assay of WNT signalling. It was shown to be potent and selective inhibitor of the Mediator complex-associated protein kinases CDK8 and CDK19. Its is ATP competitive inhibitor with >100-fold selectivity over 291 other kinases. X-ray crystallography demonstrates Type 1 binding involving insertion of the CDK8 C-terminus into the ligand-binding site.
2015-10-26 | E-GEOD-67845 | biostudies-arrayexpress