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Influence of chitin on the transcriptome of Vibrio coralliilyticus S2052 and Photobacterium galatheae S2753 (P. galatheae)

ABSTRACT: Members of the Vibrionaceae family are often found associated with chitin-containing organisms and they are thought to play a major role in chitin degradation. The purpose of the present study was to determine how chitin affected the transcriptome and metabolome of two bioactive Vibrionaceae strains, Vibrio corallilyticus and Photobacterium galatheae. We focused on chitin degradation genes and secondary metabolites based on the assumption that these molecules in nature confer an advantage to the producer. Growth on chitin caused up-regulation of genes related to chitin metabolism and of genes potentially involved in host colonization and/or infection. The expression of genes involved in secondary metabolism was also significantly affected by growth on chitin, in one case being thirty-four folds upregulated. This was reflected in the metabolome, where the antibiotics andrimid and holomycin were produced in higher amounts on chitin. Interestingly, in cultures of P. galatheae grown on chitin we detected high amounts of the biogenic amine phenylethylamine. Overall, these results suggest that both V. coralliilyticus and P. galatheae have a specific lifestyle for growth on chitin, and that the secondary metabolites they produce are likely to play a crucial role during chitin colonization.

ORGANISM(S): Photobacterium galatheae

PROVIDER: GSE80782 | GEO | 2016/12/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA319974

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The metabolic response of maize source leaves to low nitrogen supply was analyzed in maize seedlings by parallel measurements of transcriptome and metabolome profiling. Inbred lines A188 and B73 were cultivated under controlled growth chamber conditions and supplied with either sufficient (15mM) or limiting (0.15mM) nitrate supply. Leaf lamina material was harvested at day 20 and day 30 after germination with the fifth and sixth leaf representing the main source leaf respectively. Four replicates were collecetd from individual plants for each combination of genotype, growth stage and nitrogen treatment. The leaf material was frozen, homogenised and aliquoted for transcriptome and metabolome analysis. The molecular data was further supplemented by phenotypic characterisation of the maize seedlings under investigation. Limited availability of nitrogen caused strong shifts in the metabolite profile of leaves. The transcriptome was less affected by the nitrogen stress but showed strong genotype and age dependent patterns. Nitrogen starvation initiated the selective down-regulation of processes involved in nitrate reduction and amino acid assimilation; ammonium assimilation related transcripts on the other hand were not influenced. Carbon assimilation related transcripts were characterized by high transcriptional coordination and general down-regulation under low nitrogen conditions. Nitrogen deprivation caused a slight accumulation of starch, but also directed increased amounts of carbohydrates into the cell wall and secondary metabolites. The decrease in N availability also resulted in accumulation of phosphate and by strong down-regulation of genes usually involved in phosphate starvation response, underlining the great importance of phosphate homeostasis control under stress conditions. Maize inbred lines A188 and B73 were cultivated in pots containing nutrient poor peat soil under the controlled conditions of a growth chamber. The plants were fertilized with modified Hoagland solutions containing either 15mM (high N) or 0.15mM nitrate (low N). Source leaf lamina were harvested at day 20 and day 30 after start of germination for parallel analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiles. The molecular data is further supplemented by phenotypic characterization of the maize seedlings under investigation.

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Influence of chitin on the transcriptome of Vibrio coralliilyticus S2052 and Photobacterium galatheae S2753 (P. galatheae)

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