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Transcriptome analysis of ECFCs treated with GSK-343 and Panobinostat

ABSTRACT: Human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) represent one of the most promising sources of adult stem cells for vascular regeneration after ischemia. Yet, the molecular mechanism underlying the unique properties of these cells to repair damaged blood vessels remains unclear, and new strategies to improve their regenerative function are needed. Here, we demonstrate that ex vivo treatment of ECFCs with a combination of epigenetic drugs (i.e. the histone H3K27 demethylase inhibitor GSK-343 and the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat) improves the migration of these cells and their capacity to form capillary-like networks while also increasing their resistance to serum starvation-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the kinetic of blood flow recovery is significantly increased upon transplantation of drug-treated ECFCs in a pre-clinical model of hind-limb ischemia. Gene expression profiling by RNA-sequencing reveals that these effects are mediated through the simultaneous activation of several major pro-angiogenic signaling pathways including VEGFR, CXCR4, WNT, NOTCH and SHH. At the molecular level, we provide evidence that the two drugs work through complementary mechanisms that entail the resolving of bivalently marked genes characterized by the presence of both negative (H3K27me3) and positive (H3K4me3 and H3-Ac) histone modifications to create a transcriptionally permissive chromatin environment. Thus, ex vivo treatment with epigenetic drugs increases the vascular repair properties of ECFCs through transient activation of major pro-angiogenic signaling pathways.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE80819 | GEO | 2017/09/05

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA320078

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Critical limb threatening ischemia (CLTI), the most severe manifestation of peripheral artery disease, results from the chronic blockade of peripheral vessels, usually induced by atherosclerosis. CLTI patients suffer from high risk of amputation of the lower extremities and elevated mortality rates, while they have low options for surgical revascularization due to associated comorbidities. Alternatively, cell-based therapeutic strategies represent an effective and safe approach to promote revascularization and reversal of CLTI. However, the variety in cell types and cell combinations, administration routes or doses applied, have limited their success in clinical trials, being necessary to reach a consensus regarding the optimal “cellular-cocktail” for these patients, prior further application into the clinic. To achieve so, it is essential to understand the mechanisms by which these cells exert their regenerative properties. Herein, we have evaluated and compared, for the first time, the regenerative and vasculogenic potential of endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) isolated from either adipose-tissue (AT-ECFCs) or umbilical cord blood (CB-ECFCs), in combination with AT-derived MSCs, in a murine model of CLTI. Furthermore, the long-term molecular changes in CLTI and in response to both combinations have been analyzed in a proteomic quantitative approach. Overall, the administration of AT-MSCs with either AT- or CB-ECFCs, promoted a significant recovery of blood flow in CLTI mice 21 days post-ischemia, which appeared associated to an increased number of vessels in AT treated mice or with wider vessels in CB. Besides, they both modulated the inflammatory and necrotic processes, although the CB group presented the slowest ischemic progression along the assay. Furthermore, many of the protein changes identified are representative of the molecular mechanisms involved in ECFCs and MSCs induced revascularization (immune response, vascular repair, muscle regeneration, etc).

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Transcriptome analysis of ECFCs treated with GSK-343 and Panobinostat

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