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Comparative gene expression profiling of primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma stem cell-like cancer cells

ABSTRACT: Recent advancement in cancer research has shown that tumours are highly heterogeneous and multiple phenotypically different cell populations are found in single nodule. Cancer development and tumour growth is driven by specific type of cells - cancer stem cells or tumour initiating cells (CSCs/TICs), which are to be responsible for tumour growth, metastatic spread and drug resistance. This research was designed to verify the presence of tumour initiating cells in renal cancer cell lines. Subsequently, we aimed to characterize phenotype and cell biology of CD105+ cells, defined previously as renal cell carcinoma tumour initiating cells. Main goal of the project was to describe gene expression profile of tumour initiating cells originating from primary tumour and of metastatic origin. Metastatic RCC cell lines (ACHN and Caki-1) demonstrated higher colony forming ability comparing to primary RCC cell lines. We investigated presence of CD105+ cells in RCC cell lines. Furthermore, metastatic RCC cell lines have higher CD105+ cell population and higher expression for stemness genes (Oct-4 and Nanog). CD105+ cells adopt 3D grapes like structure under handing drop condition. Sorted CD105+ cells were found positive for human MSC makers such as CD90, CD73, CD44, CD146 and alkaline phosphatase activity. In addition, CD105+ cells were unable to expressed maker for CD24, CD34, CD11b, CD19, CD45 and HLA-DR. 1411 genes were commonly differentially expressed in CD105+ cells (both from primary (Caki-2) and metastatic RCC (ACHN)) cells in comparison to healthy kidney epithelial cell line (ASE-5063). TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenine, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), Rap1 signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling and Hippo signaling pathway were altered in CD105+ cells after IPA and KEGG pathway analysis. TGFB1, ERBB2, and TNF are most significant transcriptional regulators activated in these cells. Altogether, our results indicate that RCC-CD105+ cells may represents a novel target for CSCs/TICs phenotype and their gene expression profile could be used as initial data for new functional studies and drug design.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE84546 | GEO | 2016/11/04

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA329593

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Advanced Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is therapeutically challenging. RCC progression is facilitated by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that exert remarkable tumor tropism. The specific mechanisms mediating MSCs’ migration to RCC remain unknown. Here, we comprehensively analyzed RCC secretome to identify MSCs attractants. Methods: Conditioned media (CM) were collected from five RCC-derived cell lines (Caki-1, 786-O, A498, KIJ265T, KIJ308T) and non-tumorous control cell line (RPTEC/TERT1) and analyzed using cytokine arrays targeting 274 cytokines in addition to global CM proteomics. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of patients undergoing standard orthopedic surgeries. RCC CM and the selected recombinant cytokines were used to analyze their influence on MSCs migration and microarray-targeted gene expression. The expression of genes encoding cytokines was evaluated in 100 matched-paired control-RCC tumor samples. Results: When compared with normal cells, CM from advanced RCC cell lines (Caki-1, KIJ265T) were the strongest stimulators of MSCs migration. Targeted analysis of 274 cytokines and global proteomics of RCC CM revealed decreased DPP4 and EGF, as well as increased AREG, FN1, and MMP1, with consistently altered gene expression in RCC cell lines and tumors. AREG and FN1 stimulated, while DPP4 attenuated MSCs migration. RCC CM induced MSCs’ transcriptional reprogramming, stimulating the expression of CD44, PTX3, and RAB27B. RCC cells secreted hyaluronic acid (HA), a CD44 ligand mediating MSCs’ homing to the kidney. AREG emerged as an upregulator of MSCs’ transcription. Conclusions: advanced RCC cells secrete AREG, FN1 and HA to induce MSCs migration, while DPP4 loss prevents its inhibitory effect on MSCs homing. RCC secretome induces MSCs’ transcriptional reprograming to facilitate their migration. The identified components of RCC secretome represent potential therapeutic targets. We used microarrays to determine the effect of the conditioned media (CM) collected from two RCC-derived cell lines (Caki-1, KIJ265T) and non-tumorous control cell line (RPTEC/TERT1) on the transcriptome change in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs).

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Comparative gene expression profiling of primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma stem cell-like cancer cells

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