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RUNX1-ETO and RUNX1-EVI-1 differentially program the chromatin landscape in t(3;21) and t(8;21) AML but share global C/EBP-alpha dysfunction (DNase-Seq)

ABSTRACT: RUNX1 is a frequent target of translocations in acute myeloid leukemia whereby its DNA binding domain fuses to different epigenetic regulators. To assess how different RUNX1 fusion proteins interact with the epigenome we compared the global binding patterns and the chromatin landscape of t(8;21) and t(3;21) AML which express RUNX1-ETO and RUNX1-EVI-1, respectively. We found that differential prognosis for these types of AML is reflected in fundamental differences in gene expression, chromatin landscape, binding patterns of the fusion proteins and other transcription factors as identified by genome-wide digital footprinting in patients. As previously shown for RUNX1-ETO, knockdown of RUNX1-EVI-1 expression initiates differentiation of t(3;21) cells which is associated with up-regulation of genes vital for myeloid differentiation, including C/EBPα. Furthermore, by expressing either dominant-negative C/EBP or an inducible C/EBPα construct in t(3;21) cells we show that C/EBPα is necessary and sufficient for the differentiation response of these cells to RUNX1-EVI-1 knockdown.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE87284 | GEO | 2017/06/26

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA343969

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The t(8;21) translocation fuses the DNA binding domain of the hematopoietic master regulator RUNX1 to the ETO protein. The resultant RUNX1/ETO fusion protein is a leukemia-initiating transcription factor that interferes with RUNX1 function. The result of this interference is a block in differentiation and, finally, the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To obtain insights into RUNX1/ETO-dependant alterations of the epigenetic landscape we measured genome-wide RUNX1- and RUNX1/ETO bound regions in t(8;21) cells and assessed to what extent the effects of RUNX1/ETO on the epigenome depend on its continued expression in established leukemic cells. To this end we determined dynamic alterations of histone acetylation, RNA Polymerase II binding and RUNX1 occupancy in the presence or absence of RUNX1/ETO using a knockdown approach. Combined global assessments of chromatin accessibility and kinetic gene expression data show that RUNX1/ETO controls the expression of important regulators of hematopoietic differentiation and self-renewal. We show that selective removal of RUNX1/ETO leads to a widespread reversal of epigenetic reprogramming and a genome-wide re-distribution of RUNX1 binding, resulting in the inhibition of leukemic proliferation and self-renewal and the induction of differentiation. This demonstrates that RUNX1/ETO represents a pivotal therapeutic target in AML. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE29222: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding [ChIP-Seq and DNAse-Hypersensitivity data] GSE29223: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding [expression array data] GSE34540: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding (ChIP-seq) GSE34594: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding (Illumina expression) Refer to individual Series

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RUNX1-ETO and RUNX1-EVI-1 differentially program the chromatin landscape in t(3;21) and t(8;21) AML but share global C/EBP-alpha dysfunction (DNase-Seq)

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