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Effects of fescue toxicosis under chronic heat conditions conditions

ABSTRACT: Rats (n=24) were fed ad libitum diets containing either ground endophyte-free (E-) seed or endophyte–infected (E+) seed for five days at thermoneutrality (21°C) or heat stress (32 C) for 21 days. Rats with intraperitonial transmitters were used with core temperature (Tc) and general activity measured every 5 minutes during the study. At treatment end, the liver was removed, weighed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. RNA was extracted from liver samples, converted to cDNA, and hybridized with the printed oligonucleotide slides. Treatments consisted of four treatment groups, E-TN, E+TN, E-HS, E+HS. E-TN IS control at thermoneutral for 26 days , E+TN toxin fed group at thermoneutral for 26 days; E-HS control at thermoneutral for 5 days and heat treatment for 21 days, E+HS is toxin fed group at thermoneutral for 5 days and heat stress for 21 days. Keywords: Stress response

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE8754 | GEO | 2007/08/14

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA102025

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Effects of fescue toxicosis under chronic heat conditions conditions

Project description:Rats (n=24) were fed ad libitum diets containing either ground endophyte-free (E-) seed or endophyte–infected (E+) seed for five days at thermoneutrality (21°C) or heat stress (32 C) for 21 days. Rats with intraperitonial transmitters were used with core temperature (Tc) and general activity measured every 5 minutes during the study. At treatment end, the liver was removed, weighed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. RNA was extracted from liver samples, converted to cDNA, and hybridized with the printed oligonucleotide slides. Treatments consisted of four treatment groups, E-TN, E+TN, E-HS, E+HS. E-TN IS control at thermoneutral for 26 days , E+TN toxin fed group at thermoneutral for 26 days; E-HS control at thermoneutral for 5 days and heat treatment for 21 days, E+HS is toxin fed group at thermoneutral for 5 days and heat stress for 21 days. Rats (n=24) were divided into two groups and fed with either E- or E+ diet for 5 days under TN conditions. At the end of TN period, each group was further subdivided into two groups each. Treatments consisted of four treatment groups, E-TN, E+TN, E-HS, E+HS. E-TN IS control at thermoneutral for 26 days , E+TN toxin fed group at thermoneutral for 26 days; E-HS control at thermoneutral for 5 days and heat treatment for 21 days, E+HS is toxin fed group at thermoneutral for 5 days and heat stress for 21 days.

2007-08-14 | E-GEOD-8754 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Added effects of acute heat-stress on the clinical signs associated with fescue toxicosis

Project description:Intake of ergot alkaloids associated with endophyte-infected fescue (E+) has adverse effects on animal health and productivity, which is collectively, termed fescue toxicosis. These effects are exacerbated under hot and humid (summer) conditions. A rat model for this condition was used to evaluate the effect of endophytic toxins on hepatic gene expression under acute (three days) heat stress (HS). Core temperature (Tc) was monitored continuously in rats (n=12) implanted with telemetric transmitters. Rats were fed ad libitum an E+ diet and maintained under thermoneutral (TN) conditions (21 ˚C) for five days, followed by TN or HS conditions (31 ˚C) for three days. Feed intake (FI) and body weight (BW) were measured daily. Both E+ and HS induced alterations in hepatic genes were evaluated using DNA microarrays. Intake of E+ reduced FI and BW under TN and HS conditions from pretreatment level, with greater reduction occurring during HS period. Core temperature at TN did not change from pretreatment level, but increased during HS. Genes associated with ATP synthesis, immune function, chaperone activity, and antioxidant function were reduced in E+HS vs E+TN. Present findings suggest that rats respond to E+ during heat stress by inducing hepatic CYP3A4 expression and suppressing chaperone, antioxidant and immune systems, which could ultimately increase the stress resulting in various pathological abnormalities. Keywords: Stress response

2007-07-07 | GSE8390 | GEO

Expression Profiling of Heat Stress Effects on Mice Fed Ergot Alkaloids.

Project description:Fescue toxicosis affects wild and domestic animals consuming ergot alkaloids contained in tall fescue forage infected with the endophytic fungus, Neotyphodium coenophialum. , When animals are consuming infected fescue forage during periods of elevated ambient temperatures (summer), a range of phenotypic disorders collectively called summer slump is observed. It is characterized by hyperthermia, with an accompanying decrease in feed intake, growth, milk yield and reproductive fitness. Laboratory mice also exhibit symptoms of fescue toxicosis a thermoneutral temperature, as indicated by reduced growth rate and reproductive fitness. Our goal was to characterize the differences in gene expression in liver of mice exposed to summer-type heat stress (HS) and infected fescue (E+) when compared to mice fed infected fescue at thermoneutral temperature (TN). Mice were fed E+ diet under HS (34 ± 1°C; n = 13; E+HS) or thermoneutral (TN) conditions (24 ± 1°C; n = 14; E+TN) for a period of two weeks between 47 to 60 d of age. Genes differentially expressed between E+HS versus E+TN were identified using DNA microarrays. Forty-one genes were differentially expressed between treatment groups. Expressions of eight genes were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Genes coding for phase I detoxification enzymes were up-regulated in E+HS mouse liver. This detoxification pathway is known to produce reactive oxidative species. We observed an up-regulation of genes involved in the protection against reactive oxidative species. Key genes involved in de novo lipogenesis and lipid transport were also up-regulated. Finally, genes involved in DNA damage control and unfolded protein responses were down-regulated. Keywords: Stress response

2006-08-29 | GSE5642 | GEO

Transcriptomic Regulations of Heat Stress Response in the liver of Lactating Dairy Cows

Project description:Heat stress (HS) has become a major challenge in the dairy industry around the world. Although numerous measures have been taken to alleviate the HS impact on milk production, the cellular level response to HS remains unclear in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to dissect functional alterations based on transcriptomic dynamics in the liver of cows under HS. Dairy cows exposed to HS exhibited both decreased feed intake and milk yield. Through liver transcriptomic analysis, differentially expressed genes were identified among three experimental conditions, including heat stress (HS), pair-fed (PF), and thermoneutral (TN) groups. We observed the upregulation of protein folding and inflammation-related genes in the HS group, while the mitochondrial genes were downregulated. Gene functional enrichment also revealed that mitochondria function and oxidative phosphorylation were dysregulated under HS. The liver transcriptome analysis generated a comprehensive gene expression regulation network upon HS in lactating dairy cows. Overall, this study provides novel insights into molecular and metabolic changes of cows conditioned under HS. Our results could facilitate the development of efficient biomarkers to mitigate the negative effect of HS on dairy cow health and productivity.

2023-08-08 | GSE226351 | GEO

Jejunal mucosa proteomics unravel metabolic adaptive processes to mild chronic heat stress in dairy cows

Project description:Climate change affects the duration and intensity of heat waves during summer months and jeopardizes animal health and welfare. High ambient temperatures cause heat stress in dairy cows resulting in a reduction of milk yield, feed intake, and alterations in gut barrier function. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mucosal amino acid, glucose and lactate metabolism, as well as the proteomic response of the small intestine in heat stressed (HS) Holstein dairy cows. Cows of the HS group (n = 5) were exposed for 4 days to 28°C (THI = 76) in a climate chamber. Percentage decrease in daily ad libitum intake of HS cows was calculated to provide isocaloric energy intake to pair-fed control cows kept at 15°C (THI = 60) for 4 days. The metabolite, mRNA and proteomic analyses revealed that HS induced incorrect protein folding, cellular destabilization, increased proteolytic degradation and protein kinase inhibitor activity, reduced glycolysis, and activation of NF-κB signaling, uronate cycling, pentose phosphate pathway, fatty acid and amino acid catabolism, mitochondrial respiration, ATPase activity and the antioxidative defence system. Our results highlight adaptive metabolic and immune mechanisms attempting to maintain the biological function in the small intestine of heat-stressed dairy cows.

2022-02-17 | PXD025769 | Pride

Brassinosteroid-mediated gene expression changes in Arabidipsis during heat stress

Project description:Global analysis of brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated gene expression under abiotic stress identifies BR associated mechanisms of stress tolerance, and new stress-related genes We used the Arabidopsis Affymetrix ATH1 array to analyze gene expression in a synthetic BR, 24-epibrassinolide (EBR)-treated and untreated Arabidopsis seedlings before, during and after heat stress (HS) treatment. Microarray expression profiles were generated from EBR-treated (E; 1 ÂµM EBR for 21 days) and untreated (C; 0.01% ethanol for 21 days) Arabidopsis seedlings under no-stress (0 h), HS (1 h and 3 h) at 43Â°C conditions. Additionally, a recovery for 6 h (6 hR) at 22Â°C after exposure to 3h HS at 43Â°C was also included

2014-10-09 | E-GEOD-62163 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effects of fescue toxicosis on rat hepatic tissue

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Hepatic transcriptome profiling in beef cattle to determine the effects of fescue toxicity

Project description:The objective of our study was to assess the effect of fescue toxicosis on the overall transcriptomics profile of liver tissue on growing Angus × Simmental steers and heifers. The susceptibility was determined by the T-snip genetic tests for a total of 42 pregnant cows. At mid-gestation, these animals were randomly assigned to control group which received a based diet and fed endophyte free fescue seeds; a treatment group was fed endophyte-infected tall fescue seeds for 30 days. RNA-seq experiments were performed in liver biopsy samples, and a total of 828 differentially expressed genes were detected.

2023-08-11 | GSE208241 | GEO

Expression profiling of mural granulosa cells after heat-stress (HS) vs. pair-fed (PF) conditions

Project description:High environmental temperatures induce detrimental effects on various reproductive processes in cattle. According to the predicted global warming the number of days with unfavorable ambient temperatures will further increase. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of acute heat stress during the late pre-ovulatory phase on morphological, physiological and molecular parameters of dominant follicles in cycling cows during lactation. Eight German Holstein cows in established lactation were exposed to heat stress (28°C) or thermoneutral conditions (15°C) with pair-feeding for four days. After synchronization growth of dominant follicles was monitored by ultrasonogrphy, and 21 hrs after an induced pre-ovulatory LH surge antral steroid hormones and granulosa cell-specific gene expression profiles were determined. The data showed that the pre-ovulatory growth of dominant follicles and the estradiol, but not the progesterone concentrations tended to be slightly affected. mRNA microarray and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed distinct expression profiles in granulosa cells derived from heat stressed compared to pair-fed animals. Among the 255 affected genes heatstress-, stress- or apoptosis associated genes were not present. But instead, we found up-regulation of genes essentially involved in G-protein coupled signaling pathways, extracellular matrix composition, and several members of the solute carrier family as well as up-regulation of FST encoding follistatin. In summary, the data of the present study show that acute pre-ovulatory heat stress can specifically alter gene expression profiles in granulosa cells, however without inducing stress related genes and pathways and suggestively can impair follicular growth due to affecting the activin-inhibin-follistatin system.

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