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Incomplete MyoD-induced transdifferentiation is mediated by chromatin remodeling deficiencies

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE93268 | GEO | 2017/01/07

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA360439

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Incomplete MyoD-induced transdifferentiation is associated with chromatin remodeling deficiencies.

Project description:Our current understanding of cellular transdifferentiation systems is limited. It is oftentimes unknown, at a genome-wide scale, how much transdifferentiated cells differ quantitatively from both the starting cells and the target cells. Focusing on transdifferentiation of primary human skin fibroblasts by forced expression of myogenic transcription factor MyoD, we performed quantitative analyses of gene expression and chromatin accessibility profiles of transdifferentiated cells compared to fibroblasts and myoblasts. In this system, we find that while many of the early muscle marker genes are reprogrammed, global gene expression and accessibility changes are still incomplete when compared to myoblasts. In addition, we find evidence of epigenetic memory in the transdifferentiated cells, with reminiscent features of fibroblasts being visible both in chromatin accessibility and gene expression. Quantitative analyses revealed a continuum of changes in chromatin accessibility induced by MyoD, and a strong correlation between chromatin-remodeling deficiencies and incomplete gene expression reprogramming. Classification analyses identified genetic and epigenetic features that distinguish reprogrammed from non-reprogrammed sites, and suggested ways to potentially improve transdifferentiation efficiency. Our approach for combining gene expression, DNA accessibility, and protein-DNA binding data to quantify and characterize the efficiency of cellular transdifferentiation on a genome-wide scale can be applied to any transdifferentiation system.

| S-EPMC5714206 | biostudies-literature

Incomplete MyoD-induced transdifferentiation is mediated by chromatin remodeling deficiencies [RNA-Seq]

Project description:MyoD is known to transdifferentiate fibroblasts into muscle-like cells. Despite phenotypic resemblance and expression of myogenic marker genes in transdifferentiated cells, our global gene expression data suggests that ~100 genes, many involved in muscle development and function, remain non-reprogrammed. To understand this incomplete reprogramming, we characterized genome-wide chromatin accessibility and MyoD binding in human primary myoblasts and in MyoD-induced skin fibroblast cells. Our analyses revealed thousands of sites with incomplete chromatin reprogramming.Combined analyses of gene expression and epigenetic profiles revealed that many myogenic genes not upregulated during the transdifferentiation process have undergone MyoD-dependent chromatin remodeling, but to a significantly lower extent than reprogrammed genes. Our findings suggest that incomplete MyoD-induced transdifferentiation is due to chromatin-remodeling deficiencies, and that additional factors are required to transdifferentiate cells into a state more similar to myoblasts.

2017-01-07 | GSE93263 | GEO