Ethanol enhances high-salinity stress tolerance by detoxification of reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis and rice
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE95202 | GEO | 2017/05/31
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA376402
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:High-salinity stress considerably affects plant growth and crop yield. Thus, developing techniques to enhance high-salinity stress tolerance in plants is important. In this study, we revealed that ethanol enhances high-salinity stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the ethanol-induced tolerance, we performed microarray analyses using A. thaliana seedlings. Our data indicated that the expression levels of 1,323 and 1,293 genes were upregulated by ethanol in the presence and absence of NaCl, respectively. The expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling-related genes associated with high-salinity tolerance was upregulated by ethanol under salt stress condition. Some of these genes encode ROS scavengers and transcription factors (e.g., AtZAT10 and AtZAT12). A RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that the expression levels of AtZAT10 and AtZAT12 as well as AtAPX1 and AtAPX2, which encode cytosolic ascorbate peroxidases (APX), were higher in ethanol-treated plants than in untreated control plants, when exposure to high-salinity stress. Additionally, A. thaliana cytosolic APX activity increased by ethanol in response to salinity stress. Moreover, histochemical analyses with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) revealed that ROS accumulation was inhibited by ethanol under salt stress condition in A. thaliana and rice, in which DAB staining data was further confirmed by Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. These results suggest that ethanol enhances high-salinity stress tolerance by detoxifying ROS. Our findings may have implications for improving salt-stress tolerance of agriculturally important field-grown crops.
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Project description:To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying ethanol action we have developed an assay system to study sensitivity and fast and chronic tolerance to the sedative effects of ethanol. Flies developed fast ethanol tolerance after single exposure to 50% of ethanol vapor for 40 min. Flies can also develope chronic ethanol tolerance after 5x 40 min exposure to 50% ethanol vapor interspersed with 4x 80 min exposure to 10% ethanol vapor. We used microarray analysis to identify genes involved in the development of fast and chronic ethanol tolerance in Drosophila. More than 600 hundred genes were found to have changed their expression level in response to different ethanol treatment. Among these genes, Homer was picked for further study and is demonstrated that its expression in ellipsoid body is critical for the normal sensitivity and fast toleance to ethanol. Keywords: time course Whole heads of 3 groups of Drosophila were separated for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. These 3 groups of flies were treated with different ethanol treatment. Naive group of flies (GSM101531, GSM101532, GSM101533, GSM101534, GSM101535, GSM101536) received only 50 min of humidified air. Fast group of flies (GSM101537, GSM101538, GSM101539, GSM101540, GSM101541, GSM101542) received humidified air for 50 min followed by a single exposure of 50% ethanol vapor for 40 min. Chronic group of flies (GSM101543, GSM101544, GSM101545, GSM101546, GSM101547, GSM101548) ) received humidified air for 50 min followed by 5 exposures of 50% ethanol vapor for 40 min.
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