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Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato [sRNA]

ABSTRACT: By using DNA methylation of introgression lines as a marker of past paramutation, we characterise in details the paramutation of the \textit{H06} locus in crosses between Solanum lycopersicum and a range of tomato relatives and cultivars. Paramutation of H06 depends on the timing of sRNA production and conforms to the RNA-directed model of paramutation. By scanning the methylomes of tomato introgression lines for shared regions of differential methylation, thousands of candidate regions for paramutation are identified. Analysing the segregation of the methylation patterns for a subset of these regions shows variations in the penetrance of paramutation-like interactions.

ORGANISM(S): Solanum pimpinellifolium Solanum pennellii Solanum lycopersicum Solanum lycopersicum x Solanum pennellii

PROVIDER: GSE97206 | GEO | 2017/08/18

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA381072

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato [BiSulfite-seq]

Project description:By using DNA methylation of introgression lines as a marker of past paramutation, we characterise in details the paramutation of the \textit{H06} locus in crosses between Solanum lycopersicum and a range of tomato relatives and cultivars. Paramutation of H06 depends on the timing of sRNA production and conforms to the RNA-directed model of paramutation. By scanning the methylomes of tomato introgression lines for shared regions of differential methylation, thousands of candidate regions for paramutation are identified. Analysing the segregation of the methylation patterns for a subset of these regions shows variations in the penetrance of paramutation-like interactions.

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Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato

Project description:Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato

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Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato [sRNA]

Project description:Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato [sRNA]

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Project description:Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato [BiSulfite-seq]

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AGO104 is an RdDM effector of paramutation at the maize b1 locus

Project description:Paramutation is an exception among eukaryotes, in which epigenetic information is conserved through mitosis and meiosis. It has been studied for over 70 years in maize, but the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. All previously described actors of paramutation encoding components of the RNA-dependent DNA-methylation pathway (RdDM) are involved in the biogenesis of 24nt small RNAs. However, no actors of paramutation have been identified in the effector complex of RdDM. Through a combination of reverse genetics, immunolocalization and immunoprecipitation (siRNA-IP) we found that ARGONAUTE104 (AGO104), AGO105 and AGO119 are members of the RdDM effector complex in maize and bind siRNAs produced from the tandem repeats required for paramutation at the b1 locus. We also showed that AGO104 is an effector of the b1 paramutation in maize.

2021-04-22 | GSE172479 | GEO

The maize methylome modulates mRNA splicing and reveals widespread paramutation guided by small RNA.

Project description:Methylation of chromosomal DNA in animals and plants is a fundamental mechanism of epigenetic regulation, and the maize genome, with its diverse complement of transposons and repeats, is a paradigm for transgenerational mechanisms such as paramutation and imprinting. We have determined the genome-wide cytosine methylation map of two maize inbred lines, B73 and Mo17, at high coverage and at single nucleotide resolution. Transposon methylation is highest in CG (65%) and CHG (50%) contexts (where H = A, C or T), while methylation in CHH (5%) contexts is guided by 24nt small interfering RNA (siRNA), and not by 21-22nt siRNA. We have found that CG (8%) methylation seems to deter insertion of Mutator transposons into exons, while CHH and CHG methylation at splice donor and acceptor sites strongly inhibits RNA splicing. Methylation differences between parents are inherited in recombinant inbred lines, but methylation switches, guided by siRNA, are widespread and persist for up to 8 generations. These differences influence splicing, and recurrent switching suggest that paramutation is much more common than previously supposed, and may contribute to heterosis. Our results provide a comprehensive high resolution resource for maize genome methylation, as well as a map of recurrent transgenerational epigenetic shifts (paramutation) in the two most commonly used inbred maize lines.

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The maize methylome modulates mRNA splicing and reveals widespread paramutation guided by small RNA.

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Paramutation-like features of multiple natural epialleles in tomato.

Project description:BACKGROUNDFreakish and rare or the tip of the iceberg? Both phrases have been used to refer to paramutation, an epigenetic drive that contravenes Mendel's first law of segregation. Although its underlying mechanisms are beginning to unravel, its understanding relies only on a few examples that may involve transgenes or artificially generated epialleles.RESULTSBy using DNA methylation of introgression lines as an indication of past paramutation, we reveal that the paramutation-like properties of the H06 locus in hybrids of Solanum lycopersicum and a range of tomato relatives and cultivars depend on the timing of sRNA production and conform to an RNA-directed mechanism. In addition, by scanning the methylomes of tomato introgression lines for shared regions of differential methylation that are absent in the S. lycopersicum parent, we identify thousands of candidate regions for paramutation-like behaviour. The methylation patterns for a subset of these regions segregate with non Mendelian ratios, consistent with secondary paramutation-like interactions to variable extents depending on the locus.CONCLUSIONTogether these results demonstrate that paramutation-like epigenetic interactions are common for natural epialleles in tomato, but vary in timing and penetrance.

| S-EPMC5859443 | biostudies-literature

Paramutation of natural epialleles in tomato

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2017-08-18 | GSE97247 | GEO

A pioneer protein encoded by required to maintain repression2 facilitates locus-specific paramutation in Zea mays

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