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Genome-wide survey prior to head formation reveals new insights into the molecular basis of high temperature stress in tolerant and sensitive broccoli genotypes

ABSTRACT: Warmer temperature is predicted to have negative effects on transition from vegetative to reproductive development in plants. The production of floral head in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is dramatically reduced because of the high temperature stress. The broccoli inbred lines that are capable of producing head at high temperature in summer are unique varieties in Taiwan. However, knowledge of signalling pathway during the broccoli head formation under heat stress is limited. In this study, heat-tolerance (HT) and heat-sensitive (HS) broccoli genotypes were used to determine the effects of temperatures on the floral head development. We compared the transcription level of the HT and HS genotypes transcriptome under different temperatures ranging from 15 to 27 C. According to weighted correlation network analysis, the high temperature (27 C) activated calcium signalling pathways and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in both HT and HS lines. Noticeably, the genes involved in these pathways were expressed to lower level in HT than those of HS. The expression level of genes coding for heat-shock elements was lower in HT than HS. BoFLC1, a key regulator of flowering initiation, was expressed significantly lower in HT at 22 and 27 C but expressed higher in HS. Other FLC homologues were expressed to similar levels between HT and HS.

ORGANISM(S): Brassica oleracea var. italica Brassica napus

PROVIDER: GSE97528 | GEO | 2017/04/08

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA382165

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Studying the effect of varying durations (1, 7 and 14 days) of locally applied heat stress on grape berries at three developmental stages (middle green, veraison and middle ripening). Among various environmental factors, temperature is a major regulator affecting plant growth, development and fruit composition. Reproductive development of grapevine and berry composition, are both highly influenced by temperature. To date, the molecular mechanisms involved in grapevine berries tolerance to high temperatures (HS) are poorly understood. Although recent data addressed the consequences on berry development of elevated temperatures applied at the whole plant level, the present work particularly focuses on the fruit responses triggered by direct exposure to heat stress. In the context of climate change, this work focused on microclimate effect is of particular interest to better understand the consequences of leaf removal (a common viticultural practice) on berry development. HS (+ 8°C) was locally applied to clusters from Cabernet Sauvignon fruiting cuttings at three different developmental stages (middle green, véraison and middle ripening). Samples were collected 1, 7 and 14 days after treatment and used for metabolic and transcriptomic analyses. The results showed dramatic and specific biochemical and transcriptomic changes in heat exposed berries, depending on the developmental stage and the stress duration. When applied at the herbaceous stage, HS delayed the onset of véraison. Heating also strongly altered the berry concentration of amino acids and organic acids (e.g. PHE, GABA, and malate) and decreased the anthocyanin content at maturity. These physiological alterations could be partly explained by the deep remodelling of transcriptome in heated berries. More than 7000 genes were deregulated in at least one of the nine experimental conditions. The most affected processes belong to the categories “stress responses”, “protein metabolism” and “secondary metabolisms”, highlighting the intrinsic capacity of grape berries to perceive heat stress and to build adaptive responses. Additionally, important changes in processes related to “transport”, “hormone” and “transcription” might contribute to the postponing of véraison. Finally, opposite effects depending on heating duration were observed for genes encoding enzymes of the general phenylpropanoid pathway, suggesting that the HS-induced decrease in anthocyanin content may result from a combination of transcript abundance and product degradation.

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Genome-wide survey prior to head formation reveals new insights into the molecular basis of high temperature stress in tolerant and sensitive broccoli genotypes

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