Effects of β-catenin knockdown on microRNAome in highly metastatic ovarian cancer cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): synthetic construct Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE97864 | GEO | 2017/04/18
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA383109
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Ovarian cancer is a nearly uniform lethal disease and its highly aggressive metastatic phenotype portends a poor prognosis. Lack of a well-controlled, relevant experimental model has been a major obstacle to identifying key molecules causing metastasis. Here we describe the creation of a new isogenic model of spontaneous human ovarian cancer metastasis exhibiting opposite phenotypes - highly metastatic (HM) and non-metastatic (NM) - both in vitro and in vivo. HM was unique in its ability to metastasize consistently to the peritoneum, mimicking the major dissemination route of human ovarian cancer. In contrast, NM failed to form detectable metastases although it was equally tumorigenic. Using comparative label-free quantitative LC-MS/MS, we identified b-catenin which we demonstrated for the first time a direct role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer metastasis. Our studies also revealed a previously unrecognized role of b-catenin in the downregulation of multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) through attenuating miRNA biogenesis by targeting Dicer, a key component of the microRNA processing machinery. One such downregulated miRNAs was miR-29s involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and subsequent stem cell traits. Silencing b-catenin or overexpressing Dicer or miR-29 mimics in HM significantly reduced the ability of these cells to migrate. B-catenin knockdown cells also failed to metastasize in an orthotopic model of ovarian cancer. Meta-analysis revealed an increase in CTNNB1 and a decrease in DICER1 expression levels in the high-risk group. These results uncover b-catenin as a critical player in promoting ovarian cancer aggressiveness and a new mechanism linking between b-catenin and miRNA downregulation underlying this process.
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Project description:The tetraspanin CD63 is implicated in pro-metastatic signaling pathways, but so far, it is unclear how CD63 levels affect the tumor cell phenotype. Here, we investigated the effect of CD63 modulation in different metastatic tumor cell lines. In vitro, knock down of CD63 induced a more epithelial-like phenotype concomitant with increased E-cadherin expression, downregulation of its repressors Slug and Zeb1, and decreased N-cadherin. In addition, β-catenin protein was markedly reduced, negatively affecting expression of the target genes MMP-2 and PAI-1. β-catenin inhibitors mimicked the epithelial phenotype induced by CD63 knock down. Inhibition of β-catenin upstream regulators PI3K/AKT or GSK3β could rescue the mesenchymal phenotype underlining the importance of the β-catenin pathway in CD63-regulated cell plasticity. CD63 knock down-induced phenotypical changes correlated with a decrease of experimental metastasis, while CD63 overexpression enhanced the tumor cell-intrinsic metastatic potential. Taken together, our data show that CD63 is a crucial player in the regulation of the tumor cell-intrinsic metastatic potential by affecting cell plasticity.
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