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The Epstein-Barr virus episome maneuvers between nuclear chromatin compartments during reactivation [DNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Using chromatin conformation capture methods, we learned that the latent episome of the human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) displays preferential chromosome association that correlates with gene density. The episome avoids gene-rich chromosomes and favors gene-poor chromosomes. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus behaves similarly, but human papillomavirus does not, suggesting limited evolutionary conservation of this strategy. Moreover, the strongest contacts we detected between the human genome and EBV episome localized to OriP, the latent origin of replication. This genetic element, and the EBNA1 protein that binds there, are sufficient to reconstitute chromosome association preferences of the entire episome. Upon reactivation from latency, however, these preferences are lost. Detailed mapping of changes in interchromosomal contacts reveal that the episome moves away from repressive heterochromatin and toward activating euchromatin. Our work adds three-dimensional relocalization to the molecular events that occur during the genetic switch from EBV latency to reactivation. The involvement of only a myriad of interchromosomal contacts also argues for a possible role of this type of long-range association in gene regulation.

OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: PRJNA384032PRJNA384033PRJNA384029PRJNA385273PRJNA384034

ORGANISM(S): human gammaherpesvirus 4 Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE98498 | GEO | 2017/11/13

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA385273

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Comprehensive Profiling of Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded miRNAome Associated with Specific Latent Type in Tumor Cells Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an etiological cause of many human lymphocytic and epithelial malignancies. EBV expressed different genes associated with three latent types. So far as many as 44 EBV-encoded miRNA species have been found but their comprehensive and comparative profiling is not well documented in three latent infection states linked to various tumor cells. In this study, we utilized the polyA-tailed quantitative real time RT-PCR procedure to measure the relative abundance of viral miRNA species that linked to individual viral genome locations in combination with microarray evaluation in a subset of representative lymphoid and epithelial tumor cells undergoing various types of EBV latent infection. The results showed that miR-BHRF1 family and miR-BART family are expressed differentially in a tissue-dependent and latency-dependent manner. In particular, in NPC tissue and the only EBV consistently harboring cell line C666-1 with latency type II, there were highly abundant miR-BART family but not miR-BHRF1 family members that accounted for more than 10% of the whole known human miRNA library, implicating their important roles in maintaining EBV latent infection and driving NPC tumorigenesis. In addition, EBV miRNAome-based clustering analysis could classify three distinct EBV latency types, meanwhile, for the first time, we found and subsequently evaluated a novel secret latent switch in BL cell line Daudi from type I to III, which was unable to be identified by traditional latent biomarkers. Together, our data provided an in-depth and comparative profiling of EBV miRNA transcriptome in correspondence with three EBV latent infections, suggesting that different viral miRNA species were involved in divergent host cell carcinogenesis. Finally, EBV miRNAome, as a cluster of novel latency biomarkers expressed variedly in tumor cells, greatly complements and improves the classical typing criteria in conjunction with other latently expressed marker genes. 2 NPC tissue samples and 2 NPC cell lines and 5 lymphocytic cell lines

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The Epstein-Barr virus episome maneuvers between nuclear chromatin compartments during reactivation [DNA-seq]

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