GNPS Drug metabolism by the human gut microbiome
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Agilent 6545 LC/Q-TOF
ORGANISM(S): Environmental
SUBMITTER: 
Mohamed Donia
PROVIDER: MSV000084641 | GNPS | Mon Dec 02 11:38:00 GMT 2019
REPOSITORIES: GNPS
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Project description:The human gut is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that influence human health and disease through the metabolism of xenobiotics, including therapeutic drugs and antibiotics. The diversity and metabolic potential of the human gut microbiome have been extensively characterized, but it remains unclear which microorganisms are active and which perturbations can influence this activity. Here, we use flow cytometry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metatranscriptomics to demonstrate that the human gut contains distinctive subsets of active and damaged microorganisms, primarily composed of Firmicutes, which display marked temporal variation. Short-term exposure to a panel of xenobiotics resulted in significant changes in the physiology and gene expression of this active microbiome. Xenobiotic-responsive genes were found across multiple bacterial phyla, encoding novel candidate proteins for antibiotic resistance, drug metabolism, and stress response. These results demonstrate the power of moving beyond DNA-based measurements of microbial communities to better understand their physiology and metabolism.
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