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Streamlined Single-cell Proteomics by an Integrated Microfluidic Chip and Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry

ABSTRACT: Single-cell proteomics can reveal cellular phenotypic heterogeneity and cell-specific functional networks underlying biological processes. Here, we present a streamlined workflow combining microfluidic chips for all-in-one proteomic sample preparation and data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS) for proteomics analysis down to the single-cell level. The proteomics chips enable multiplexed and automated cell isolation/counting/imaging and sample processing in a single device. Combining chip-based sample handling with DIA-MS using project-specific mass spectral libraries, we profile on average ~1,500 protein groups across 20 single mammalian cells. Applying the chip-DIA workflow to profile the proteomes of adherent and non-adherent malignant cells, we cover a dynamic range of 5 orders of magnitude with good reproducibility and <16% missing values between runs. Taken together, the chip-DIA workflow offers all-in-one cell characterization, analytical sensitivity and robustness, and the option to add additional functionalities in the future, thus providing a basis for advanced single-cell proteomics applications.

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human) Cellular Organisms

SUBMITTER: Hsiung-Lin Tu and Yu-Ju Chen

PROVIDER: PXD023325 | JPOST Repository | Fri Nov 12 00:00:00 GMT 2021

REPOSITORIES: jPOST

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			Action	DRS
	20201021_PC9-MF-10cells-1019-Eclipse-DIA-01.raw	Raw
	20201021_PC9-MF-10cells-1019-Eclipse-DIA-02.raw	Raw
	20201021_PC9-MF-10cells-1019-Eclipse-DIA-03.raw	Raw
	20201027_PC9-MF-1cell-Eclipse-DIA-01.raw	Raw
	20201027_PC9-MF-1cell-Eclipse-DIA-02.raw	Raw

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Project description:The analysis of single cell proteomes has recently become a viable complement to transcript and genomics studies. Proteins are the main driver of cellular functionality and mRNA levels are often an unreliable proxy of such. Therefore, the global analysis of the proteome is essential to study cellular identities. Both multiplexed and label-free mass spectrometry-based approaches with single cell resolution have lately attributed surprising heterogeneity to believed homogenous cell populations. Even though specialized experimental designs and instrumentation have demonstrated remarkable advances, the efficient sample preparation of single cells still lacks behind. Here, we introduce the proteoCHIP, a universal option for single cell proteomics sample preparation at surprising sensitivity and throughput. The automated processing using a commercial system combining single cell isolation and picoliter dispensing, the cellenONE®, allows to reduce final sample volumes to low nanoliters submerged in a hexadecane layer simultaneously eliminating error prone manual sample handling and overcoming evaporation. With this specialized workflow we achieved around 1,000 protein groups per analytical run at remarkable reporter ion signal to noise while reducing or eliminating the carrier proteome. We identified close to 2,000 protein groups across 158 multiplexed single cells from two highly similar human cell types and clustered them based on their proteome. In-depth investigation of regulated proteins readily identified one of the main drivers for tumorigenicity in this cell type. Our workflow is compatible with all labeling reagents, can be easily adapted to custom workflows and is a viable option for label-free sample preparation. The specialized proteoCHIP design allows for the direct injection of label-free single cells via a standard autosampler resulting in the recovery of 30% more protein groups compared to samples transferred to PEG coated vials. We therefore are confident that our versatile, sensitive, and automated sample preparation workflow will be easily adoptable by non-specialized groups and will drive biological applications of single cell proteomics.

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Streamlined Single-cell Proteomics by an Integrated Microfluidic Chip and Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry

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