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Palaeoproteomic data for domesticated equids (horse and donkey) collagen for Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS)

ABSTRACT: The dataset is for identification of MALDI markers for peptide mass fingerprinting of bone collagen for species identification using ZooMS for horse and donkey using chymotrypsin. Corresponding MALDI data can be found through Zenodo at 10.5281/zenodo.6878868. This dataset contains: - raw files - peak list files - results files for the proteome search and for collagen marker identification - database for the collagen marker identification - csv file with information about the sample numbers. More information about the extraction and digestion can be found at the linked manuscript.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap Elite

ORGANISM(S): Equus Caballus (ncbitaxon:9796) Equus Asinus (ncbitaxon:9793)

SUBMITTER: Christina Warinner Kristine Korzow Richter Cristina Barrocas Dias Roshan Paladugu

PROVIDER: MSV000089943 | MassIVE | Thu Jul 21 16:31:00 BST 2022

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PXD035509

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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Project description:Groupers (Epinephelidae) are ecologically, commercially, and culturally important predatory fishes throughout their global distribution range in tropical, subtropical and occasionally temperate regions. They are key species for modern and ancient fisheries in the Mediterranean which have been heavily overfished in the past century leading to smaller catch sizes, lower CPUE, and decreased biomass. There are four species of grouper native to the Mediterranean within the Epinephelus genus.The abundance and distribution of grouper species prior to the 20th century in the Mediterranean remains poorly known. Using peptide mass fingerprinting, also known as Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS), we investigated if ZooMS is a viable method for identifying intra-genus grouper bones to species level. Due to the lack of publicly available genomic sequences and for validation of ZooMS markers, we reconstructed collagen type I amino acid sequences using LC-MS/MS for four Epinephelus spp. Adequate variation between collagen sequences enabled the production of the best supported phylogenetic tree for Mediterranean Epinephelus spp. to date. We identified 23 previously undescribed ZooMS biomarkers capable of distinguishing groupers to the species level. Our novel biomarkers were applied to a case study of 23 grouper/comber fish bones from the Middle to Late Holocene archaeological site of Kinet Höyük, located along the coast of Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. ZooMS markers enabled species level identification of 19 bones with 18 identified as Epinephelus aeneus and 1 identified as Epinephelus marginatus. Combining ZooMS identifications with catch size reconstructions has revealed that E. aeneus is capable of growing ca. 30 cm larger than previously reported. This abundance and dominance of E. aeneus locally at Kinet Höyük is consistent with E. aeneus being the most prevalent grouper species in Iskenderun Bay today, testifying to several millennia of this species local population persistence despite fishing pressure, habitat degradation, and climatic changes.

Dataset Information

Palaeoproteomic data for domesticated equids (horse and donkey) collagen for Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS)

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