Dataset Information

A community resource to mass explore the wheat grain proteome and its application to the late-maturity alpha-amylase problem.

ABSTRACT: Late maturity alpha amylase is a wheat genetic defect causing the synthesis of high isoelectric point alpha amylase in the aleurone as a result of a temperature shock during mid grain development or prolonged cold throughout grain development leading to an unacceptable low falling numbers at harvest or during storage. High pI alpha amylase is normally not synthesized until after maturity in seeds when they may sprout in response to rain or germinate following sowing the next season crop. Whilst the physiology is well understood, the biochemical mechanisms involved in grain LMA response remain unclear. We have employed high throughput proteomics to analyse thousands of wheat flours displaying a range of LMA values. We have applied an array of statistical analyses to select LMA responsive biomarkers and we have mined them using a suite of tools applicable to wheat proteins. To our knowledge, this is not only the first proteomics study tackling the wheat LMA issue but also the largest plant based proteomics study published to date. Logistics, technicalities, requirements, and bottlenecks of such an ambitious experiment are discussed. We observed that stored LMA affected grains activated their primary metabolisms such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, along with DNA and RNA binding mechanisms, as well as protein translation. This logically transitioned to protein folding activities driven by chaperones and protein disulfide isomerase, as well as protein assembly via dimerisation and complexing. The secondary metabolism was also mobilised with the up regulation of phytohormones, chemical and defense responses. LMA further invoked cellular structures among which ribosomes, microtubules, and chromatin. Finally, and unsurprisingly, LMA expression greatly impacted grain starch and other carbohydrates with the up regulation of alpha gliadins and starch metabolism, while LMW glutenin, stachyose, sucrose, UDP galactose and UDP glucose were down regulated. This work demonstrates that proteomics deserves to be part of the wheat LMA molecular toolkit and should be adopted by LMA scientists and breeders in the future. DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad084

INSTRUMENT(S): Vanquish UPLC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap mass analyser

ORGANISM(S): Triticum Aestivum (ncbitaxon:4565)

SUBMITTER: Delphine Vincent

PROVIDER: MSV000090572 | MassIVE | Sun Oct 23 14:28:00 BST 2022

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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Project description:Durum wheat requires high nitrogen inputs to obtain the high protein concentration necessary to satisfy pasta and semolina quality criteria. Optimizing plant nitrogen use efficiency is therefore of major importance for wheat grain quality. Here, we studied the impact on grain yield, protein concentration, and for the first time on protein composition of a marine (DPI4913) and a fungal (AF086) biostimulants applied to plant leaves. Plants were grown in a greenhouse and sampled at maturity for grain analysis. The protein concentration and quantity in grains per plant were determined, as well as water-use efficiency. A large-scale quantitative proteomics study of wheat flour samples was performed to determine the effect of biostimulant treatment on grain protein composition. Grain dry biomass and protein quantity were increased by 23.9% and 24.8% respectively with DPI4913, and by 27.4% and 25.9%, respectively, with AF086. A total of 1471 proteins were identified and 1391 were quantified. Quantitative proteomics analysis revealed 26 and 38 proteins with a significantly varying abundance after DPI4913 and AF086 treatment, respectively. Among these, 14 proteins were affected by both DPI4913 and AF086 treatments. The highest variations in proteins abundances were found for proteins involved in grain technological properties such as grain hardness, in storage functions with the substantial over-representation of the gluten protein gamma-gliadin, in regulation processes with the over-representation of proteins that play a transcription regulator role, and in stress responses with the over-representation of proteins implied in biotic and abiotic stress defense. The involvement of biostimulants in the abiotic stress response is suggested by the increase in water-use efficiency for DPI4913 treatment (15.4%) and for AF086 treatment (9.9%). In conclusion, our work, performed in greenhouse, has shown that DPI4913 and AF086 treatments promote grain yield while maintaining protein concentration in grains, and positively affect protein composition in term of grain quality. This study suggests that these biostimulants could be used to optimize durum wheat production and quality in field conditions.

Dataset Information

A community resource to mass explore the wheat grain proteome and its application to the late-maturity alpha-amylase problem.

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