Measurement of free amino acid (AA) in response to MYC
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens
TISSUE(S): Cells
PROVIDER: ST000249 | MetabolomicsWorkbench |
REPOSITORIES: MetabolomicsWorkbench
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2010-05-05 | E-GEOD-17243 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Correct charging of tRNAs with their corresponding amino acid is crucial for accurate translation of the genetic code into proteins. However, a growing body of evidence shows that unicellular organisms (bacteria and yeast) can sacrifice translational fidelity to preserve protein synthesis under deprivation of specific essential amino acids.1 Several weeks ago, Pataskar and colleagues described the first instance of codon reassignments caused by amino acid restriction in mammalian cells. Specifically, when human cancer cells were deprived of tryptophan (W), tRNATrp was misacylated with the structurally similar amino acid phenylalanine (F) by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS1), resulting in W>F substitutions in synthesized proteins.2 The authors show that W>F substitutions do preserve translation, but generally result in dysfunctional proteins and that presentation of W>F peptides stimulates T cell-mediated killing. Together this would impair survival of cancer cells that incorporate W>F substitutions in their proteome.2 In the context of growing interest in amino acid depletion diets and related disorders,2 we wondered whether amino acid substitutions are restricted to pathological states like cancer or may represent a more generalized mechanism to maintain translation despite unfavorable circumstances. It is known that ARSs can misactivate tRNAs with structurally similar amino acids3, but editing activity ensures extreme specificity under physiological conditions.4,5 Given the structural similarities between isoleucine and valine, we speculated that isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS1) would misacylate tRNAIle with valine under isoleucine restriction, leading to I>V substitutions in the proteome. Not only did these substitutions occur in healthy primary human cells, but they also preserved translation and promoted cell viability upon nutritional stress.
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2021-04-01 | PXD023371 | Pride
Project description:Samples-WT Basal condition primary cortex cells; WT B27 Starved-Primary cortex cells starved overnight without B27 supplement media. WT AA Starved-Primary cortex cell starved without amino acid for 2 hours. WT AA Refed-Primary cortex cell refed for 1 hour after amino acid starvation. KO Basal-SLC38 Knockout Primary cortex cells starved overnight without B27 supplement media. KO B27 Starved-SLC38 Knockout Primary cortex cell starved without amino acid for 2 hours. KO AA starved-SLC38 Knockout Primary cortex cell refed for 1 hour after amino acid starvation. KO AA Refed-SLC38 Knockout Primary cortex cell refed for 1 hour after amino acid starvation.
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Project description:Free amino acids (FAAs), the major constituents of the natural moisturizing factor (NMF), are very important for maintaining the moisture balance of human skin and their deficiency results in dry skin conditions. There is a great interest in the identification and use of nature-based sources of these molecules for such cosmeceutical applications. The objective of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the FAA contents of selected Ethiopian plant and fungi species; and select the best sources so as to use them for the stated purpose. About 59 different plant species and oyster mushroom were included in the study and the concentrations of 27 FAAs were analyzed. Each sample was collected, lyophilized, extracted using aqueous solvent, derivatized with Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (Fmoc-Cl) prior to solid-phase extraction and quantified using Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-ESI-MS/MS) system. All the 27 FAAs were detected in most of the samples. The dominant FAAs that are part of the NMF were found at sufficiently high concentration in the mushroom and some of the plants. This indicates that FAAs that could be included in the preparations for the management of dry skin condition can be obtained from a single natural resource and the use of these resources for the specified purpose have both economic and therapeutic advantage in addition to fulfilling customer needs.
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2007-05-23 | E-MEXP-755 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Asthma often begins in childhood, although making an early diagnosis is difficult. Clinical manifestations, the exclusion of other causes of bronchial obstruction, and responsiveness to anti-inflammatory therapy are the main tool of diagnosis. However, novel, precise, and functional biochemical markers are needed in the differentiation of asthma phenotypes, endotypes, and creating personalized therapy. The aim of the study was to search for metabolomic-based asthma biomarkers among free amino acids (AAs). A wide panel of serum-free AAs in asthmatic children, covering both proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic AAs, were analyzed. The examination included two groups of individuals between 3 and 18 years old: asthmatic children and the control group consisted of children with neither asthma nor allergies. High-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS technique) was used for AA measurements. The data were analyzed by applying uni- and multivariate statistical tests. The obtained results indicate the decreased serum concentration of taurine, L-valine, DL-β-aminoisobutyric acid, and increased levels of ƴ-amino-n-butyric acid and L-arginine in asthmatic children when compared to controls. The altered concentration of these AAs can testify to their role in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. The authors' results should contribute to the future introduction of new diagnostic markers into clinical practice.
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