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Peroxide antimalarial treatment timecourse on trophozoite-stage P. falciparum parasites

ABSTRACT: Red blood cells (RBCs) infected with trophozoite stage P. falciparum parasites (3D7 strain) at 10% parasitaemia and 2% haematocrit were treated with OZ277 (300 nM), OZ439 (300 nM), DHA (100 nM) or vehicle (0.03% DMSO). This was a 4-timepoint study, with samples taken 0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3 h after drug or vehicle addition. Samples treated with vehicle acted as the untreated control. Samples from drug treated uninfected RBCs were also taken to ensure the observed drug effects were parasite specific.

ORGANISM(S): Human Homo Sapiens Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Falciparum;homo Sapiens

TISSUE(S): Cultured Cells

DISEASE(S): Malaria

SUBMITTER: Carlo Giannangelo

PROVIDER: ST001201 | MetabolomicsWorkbench | Wed Jun 19 00:00:00 BST 2019

REPOSITORIES: MetabolomicsWorkbench

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Project description:Development of radiation medical countermeasures under the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Animal Rule requires the capability to translate an effective animal to human drug dose. One method of human dose translation is using a biomarker and determining drug doses that modulate the biomarker to the desired level. BIO 300 Oral Powder (BIO 300) is a prophylactic radiation medical countermeasure that is currently being developed following the Animal Rule. The present study aimed to identify biomarkers that can be used for human dose conversion by conducting transcriptomics of whole blood collected from BIO 300-treated CD2F1 mice in the presence and absence of total-body irradiation (TBI). Mice were treated with vehicle or 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg BIO 300, twice daily, for 6 days. Whole blood samples were collected 24 and 48 h after the last dose of the drug. Animals were also treated with vehicle or 200 mg/kg BIO 300 for 6 days prior to 9.2 Gy TBI 24 h after the last dose, with blood collection 24 h after irradiation. RNA sequencing demonstrated 100 – 200 mg/kg doses caused significantly more differential gene expression at 48 h post-drug dose compared to 50 mg/kg. Pathway analysis of the transcriptome profile from vehicle-treated/radiation-exposed mice revealed that many inflammatory signaling pathways were activated in these animals. Signaling pathways enriched in BIO 300-treated/TBI mice were involved in cellular stress and immune response and were predicted to be inhibited. We also identified pathways that were in inverse states (activation/inhibition) in vehicle and BIO 300-treated mice with TBI. There were two pathways specifically activated in vehicle-treated animals with TBI and inhibited in BIO 300-treated animals (with or without TBI), pathogen-induced cytokine storm signaling and S100 family signaling. In comparison to previously published human data, pulmonary fibrosis idiopathic signaling and wound healing signaling were enriched in healthy volunteers treated with BIO 300 and BIO 300-treated mice with TBI. In all, four signaling pathways were identified that were activated in vehicle-treated animals exposed to total body radiation but inhibited in irradiated animals or healthy humans treated with BIO 300. These pathways should be explored to identify potential biomarkers of BIO 300 that can be used for human dose translation.

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Peroxide antimalarial treatment timecourse on trophozoite-stage P. falciparum parasites

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