Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate target mRNAs by inducing degradation or preventing translation of their target mRNAs. Rose, Rosa rugosa Thunb., is an important ornamental and edible plant, yet there are only a few studies on the miRNAs of rose. Here we carried out computational and experimental analysis of miRNAs and phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) in rose by analyzing 10 small RNA profiles from roots, petals, pollens, stamens, and leaves. To identify the targets of miRNAs and phasiRNAs, we generated a degradome profile for rose leaf which is analyzed using the SeqTar algorithm. This study identified 25 conserved pre-miRNAs, of which 24 have not been reported previously. We also found 22 novel pre-miRNAs. Three hundred and thirty nine 21 nucleotide (nt) PHAS loci, and forty nine 24 nt PHAS loci were also identified. We identified more than 4000 putative targets of the conserved miRNAs using a criteria of less than 4 mismatches between miRNA and targets. Among these targets, at least 171 have shown significant accumulation of degradome reads. Our results demonstrate that the miR482 family triggers the generations of phasiRNAs by targeting nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) disease resistance genes in rose. These results significantly enhanced our knowledge of the miRNAs and phasiRNAs, as well as their potential functions in rose.
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate target mRNAs by inducing degradation or preventing translation of their target mRNAs. Rose, Rosa rugosa Thunb., is an important ornamental and edible plant, yet there are only a few studies on the miRNAs of rose. Here we carried out computational and experimental analysis of miRNAs and phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) in rose by analyzing 10 small RNA profiles from roots, petals, pollens, stamens, and leaves. To identify the targets of miRNAs and phasiRNAs, we generated a degradome profile for rose leaf which is analyzed using the SeqTar algorithm. This study identified 25 conserved pre-miRNAs, of which 24 have not been reported previously. We also found 22 novel pre-miRNAs. Three hundred and thirty nine 21 nucleotide (nt) PHAS loci, and forty nine 24 nt PHAS loci were also identified. We identified more than 4000 putative targets of the conserved miRNAs using a criteria of less than 4 mismatches between miRNA and targets. Among these targets, at least 171 have shown significant accumulation of degradome reads. Our results demonstrate that the miR482 family triggers the generations of phasiRNAs by targeting nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) disease resistance genes in rose. These results significantly enhanced our knowledge of the miRNAs and phasiRNAs, as well as their potential functions in rose.
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles by regulating other genes. Rose, Rosa rugosa Thunb., is an important ornamental and edible plant, yet there are only a few studies on the miRNAs and their functions in rose. Here we carried out computational and experimental analysis of miRNAs, phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) and mRNAs in rose by analyzing 10 small RNA sequencing profiles from roots, petals, pollens, stamens, and leaves and 4 RNA-seq profiles in leaves and petals of rose. To identify the targets of miRNAs and phasiRNAs, we produced a degradome profile for rose leaf which is analyzed using the SeqTar algorithm. This study identified 25 conserved pre-miRNAs, of which 24 have not been reported previously. We also found 22 novel pre-miRNAs. Three hundred and thirty nine 21 nucleotide (nt) PHAS loci, and forty nine 24 nt PHAS loci were also identified. We identified more than 19,000 putative targets of the conserved miRNAs/tasiRNAs using a criteria of less than 4 mismatches between miRNA and targets. Among these targets, 592 have shown significant accumulation of degradome reads. Our results demonstrate that the miR482 family triggers the generations of phasiRNAs by targeting nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) disease resistance genes in rose. Our results also suggest that the deregulated genes in leaves and petals are significantly enriched in GO and KEGG pathways related to metabolic processes and photosynthesis. These results significantly enhanced our knowledge of the miRNAs and phasiRNAs, as well as their potential functions in rose.
Project description:Lonicera japonica Thunb., known as Jin Yin Hua or Japanese honeysuckle, is an herbal medicine in Asian countries. Its flowers have been used as folk medicine for clinical practice or used as food or making healthy beverage for 1500 years in China. To investigate the molecular developmental processes from L. japonica buds to flowers under UV radiation, comparative proteomics analyses of buds and flowers were performed. Fifty-four differential proteins were identified including 42 increased proteins and 12 decreased proteins. The abundance of proteins related to glycolysis, TCA/organic acid transformation, major carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative pentose phosphate, stress, secondary metabolism, hormone, and mitochondrial electron transport were increased during flower opening process under UV radiation. Six metabolites were identified and relatively quantified by LC-MS/MS in L. japonica buds and flowers. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay revealed that antioxidant activity of L. japonica buds was better than that of flowers. These results suggest that UV-B radiation could induce the production of endogenous ethylene in L. japonica buds, which facilitate the buds blossom and activate the antioxidant system. Additionally, the higher content of metabolites and antioxidant capability in L. japonica buds indicates that L. japonica buds stage might be the better harvest time compared to the flower.
Project description:Elaeagnus is a genus which consists about 70 species of flowering plants in the family Elaeagnaceae, and its edible fruit is a natural product used as food and in traditional medicine. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of four species, namely Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb., E. multiflora Thunb., E. macrophylla Thunb., and E. glabra Thunb., to study their phylogenetic relationships within the Elaeagnaceae. Total lengths of the chloroplast genome were 152,261 bp, 152,267 bp, 152,224 bp, and 152,227 bp, respectively. The four genomes had representative quadripartite structures, with an LSC region (82,207 bp, 82,191 bp, 82,136 bp, and 82,139 bp) and an SSC region (18,262 bp, 18,282 bp,and 18,278 bp for both species) separated by a pair of IRs (25,896 bp, 25,897 bp, and 25,905 bp for the latter two species), respectively. Moreover, they were composed of 136-137 genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 40-41 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis indicated that E. umbellata was most closely related to E. multiflora, whereas E. macrophylla was close to E. glabra.