Project description:Industrial wine yeast strains possess specific abilities to ferment under stressing conditions and give a suitable aromatic outcome. Although the fermentations properties of Saccharomyces cervisiae wine yeasts are well documented little is known on the genetic basis underlying the fermentation traits. Besides, although strain differences in gene expression has been reported, their relationships with gene expression variations and fermentation phenotypic variations is unknown. To both identify the genetic basis of fermentation traits and get insight on their relationships with gene expression variations, we combined fermentation traits QTL mapping and expression profiling in a segregating population from a cross between a wine yeast derivative and a laboratory strain.
Project description:Industrial wine yeast strains possess specific abilities to ferment under stressing conditions and give a suitable aromatic outcome. Although the fermentations properties of Saccharomyces cervisiae wine yeasts are well documented little is known on the genetic basis underlying the fermentation traits. Besides, although strain differences in gene expression has been reported, their relationships with gene expression variations and fermentation phenotypic variations is unknown. To both identify the genetic basis of fermentation traits and get insight on their relationships with gene expression variations, we combined fermentation traits QTL mapping and expression profiling in a segregating population from a cross between a wine yeast derivative and a laboratory strain. 40 samples are analysed with 2 technical replicates, using a unique reference named pool of the 30 segregants. The transcriptome of each segregant is compared to the transcriptome of the pool. The transcriptome of 5 biologic replicates of each parental strain is also compared to this reference. An haploid derivative of the commercialized wine yeast EC1118 which sequence is available (Novo et al. 2009. PNAS, 106:16333-16338) called 59A was used as industrial wine yeast. It is a prototroph strain and has a MATa sexual type. The haploid laboratory strain S288C (MATa) was used for crossing.
Project description:Background: Most skin-related traits have been studied in Caucasian genetic backgrounds. A comprehensive study on skin-associated genetic effects on underrepresented populations such as Vietnam is needed to fill the gaps in the field. Objectives: We aimed to develop a computational pipeline to predict the effect of genetic factors on skin traits using public data (GWAS catalogs and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from the 1000 Genomes Project-1KGP) and in-house Vietnamese data (WGS and genotyping by SNP array). Also, we compared the genetic predispositions of 25 skin-related traits of Vietnamese population to others to acquire population-specific insights regarding skin health. Results: The skin-related genetic profile of Vietnamese cohorts was similar at most to East Asian cohorts (JPT: Fst=0.036, CHB: Fst=0.031, CHS: Fst=0.027, CDX: Fst=0.025) in the population study. In addition, we identified pairs of skin traits at high risk of frequent co-occurrence (such as skin aging and wrinkles (r = 0.45, p =1.50e-5) or collagen degradation and moisturizing (r = 0.35, p = 1.1e-3)).
Project description:Haploid segregants from a cross between the yeast strains BY4716 and RM11-1a as in Brem et al. 2002 and Yvert et al. 2003. This series contains all GSE617 samples (re-submitted for convenience), plus 27 additional segregants assayed with the same protocol and the same reference sample as GSE617. Keywords: other
Project description:Healthcare providers are routinely being assessed for metrics designed to assess the quality of the care they deliver. There is growing consensus that these measurements, which typically assess the percentage of patients meeting a specific standard of care, should be adjusted for the clinical complexity of the providers. This study will assess whether adjusting for the social complexity of the patient panel adds significantly to adjustment for clinical complexity in explaining apparent differences in quality of care provided by Primary care providers and clinics.
Project description:150 cultures of 112 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (BYxRM cross) were grown in full medium and harvested in log phase. RNA was isolated and quantified via RNAseq. The reads were subsequently mapped against strain-specific genomes. The same cultures were also characterized on the proteomic and phosphoproteomic layers. This data was used to investigate the effects of natural variation on molecular traits in budding yeast. Candidate causal genes (GPA1, STE20) were investigated through allele replacement strains.
Project description:The intrinsic complexity of quantitative traits was evident even before the molecular nature of the gene was understood. Yet we still lack a detailed molecular understanding of complex heritability. Here we alleviated statistical roadblocks to high-resolution genetic mapping by using an inbred population of diploid yeast with very low linkage disequilibrium and more individuals than segregating polymorphisms. We mapped over 18,000 quantitative trait loci, resolving more than 3,300 to single nucleotides. This allowed us to explore the molecular origins of complexity, hybrid vigor, pleiotropy, and gene ´ environment interactions and to rigorously estimate the distribution of fitness effects of natural genetic variation. Our results describe a comprehensive, high-resolution genotype-to-phenotype map and define general principles underlying the complexity of heredity.
Project description:Deciphering the genetic architecture of human cardiac disorders is of fundamental importance but their underlying complexity is a major hurdle. We investigated the natural variation of cardiac performance in the sequenced inbred lines of the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP). Genome Wide Associations Studies (GWAS) identified genetic networks associated with natural variation of cardiac traits which were used to gain insights as to the molecular and cellular processes affected. Non-coding variants that we identified were used to map potential regulatory non-coding regions, which in turn were employed to predict Transcription Factors (TFs) binding sites. Cognate TFs, many of which themselves bear polymorphisms associated with variations of cardiac performance, were also validated by heart specific knockdown. Additionally, we showed that the natural variations associated with variability in cardiac performance affect a set of genes overlapping those associated with average traits but through different variants in the same genes. Furthermore, we showed that phenotypic variability was also associated with natural variation of gene regulatory networks. More importantly, we documented correlations between genes associated with cardiac phenotypes in both flies and humans, which supports a conserved genetic architecture regulating adult cardiac function from arthropods to mammals. Specifically, roles for PAX9 and EGR2 in the regulation of the cardiac rhythm were established in both models, illustrating that the characteristics of natural variations in cardiac function identified in Drosophila can accelerate discovery in humans.