Project description:We determined nucleosome positions genome-wide in diploid Saccharomyces species undergoing early stages of synchronous meiosis. This study sought to assess if meiotic DNA double-strand break formation occurred preferentially in promoter nucleosome-depleted regions in other Saccharomyces species, as it does in S. cerevisiae SK1 (Pan et al. 2011 Cell 144:719-731).
Project description:Comparative genomic hybridization between Escherichia coli strains to determine core and pan genome content of clinical and environmental isolates
Project description:Full title: Probing the pan genome of a foodborne bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes: Implications for its niche adaptation, pathogenesis, and evolution Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne bacterial pathogen well known for adaptability to diverse environmental and host niches, and a high fatality rate among infected, immuno-compromised individuals. Three genetic lineages have been identified within this species. Strains of genetic lineages I and II account for more than ninety percent of foodborne disease outbreaks worldwide, whereas strains from genetic lineage III are rarely implicated in human infectious for unknown, yet intriguing, reasons. Here we have probed the genomic diversity of 26 L. monocytogenes strains using both whole-genome sequences and a novel 385,000 probe pan-genome microarray, fully tiling the genomes of 20 representative strains. Using these methods to identify genes highly conserved in lineages I and II but rare in lineage III, we have identified 86 genes and 8 small RNAs that play roles in bacterial stress resistance, pathogenicity, and niche, potentially explaining the predominance of L. monocytogenes lineages I and II in foodborne disease outbreaks. Extending gene content analysis to all lineages revealed a L. monocytogenes core genome of approximately 2,350 genes (80% of each individual genome) and a pan-genomic reservoir of >4,000 unique genes. Combined gene content data from both sequences and arrays was used to reconstruct an informative phylogeny for the L. monocytogenes species that confirms three distinct lineages and describes the relationship of 9 new lineage III genomes. Comparative analysis of 18 fully sequenced L. monocytogenes lineage I and II genomes shows a high level of genomic conservation and synteny, indicative of a closed pan-genome, with moderate domain shuffling and sequence drift associated with bacteriophages is present in all lineages. In contrast with lineages I and II, notable genomic diversity and characteristics of an open pan-genome were observed in the lineage III genomes, including many strain-specific genes and a more complex conservation pattern. This indicates that the L. monocytogenes pan-genome has not yet been fully sampled by genome sequencing, and additional sequencing of lineage III genomes is necessary to survey the full diversity of this intriguing species and reveal its mechanisms for adaptability and virulence.
Project description:Stem cells reside in specialized niches that play a critical role in modulating their fate. Supporting cells in the niche instruct fate changes to the stem cells through epigenetic enzymes that transduce cell signaling to modify gene expression. Recent studies showed that the innate immune response to muscle injury alters the muscle stem cell (MuSC) niche, it remains unknown how MuSC adapt to the modified milieu to mediate muscle repair. Here we show that the epigenetic enzyme JMJD3 coordinates MuSC adaptation to the regenerative niche in a non-cell autonomous manner where it modifies their extracellular matrix to integrate signaling that stimulates exit of quiescence. Genomics and transcriptomics approaches identified the hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis enzyme Has2 as a key JMJD3 target gene that allows MuSCs to integrate signals from the regenerative niche. Overall, we identified a specific role for JMJD3 in regulating the expression of genes that allow MuSCs to adapt to the modified niche of regenerating muscle. We aim to determine the differential occupancy of histone H3 lysine 4 trimethyl mark muscle satellite stem cells isolated from JMJD3scKO, UTXscKO and Wild-type mice.
Project description:The goal of the project was to study synthesis rates (SR) and mRNA levels (RA) genome wide in a series of aneuploid strains to check for the posible variation in SR and RA in the genes of the aneuploid chromosome withe regard to the rest of the genome. We used Genomic Run-On (GRO) experiment to mesaure SR and RA values.
Project description:To assess the performance of our custom-designed pan-genome microarray and characterize the differences in gene content between JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans.
Project description:The proteome of the SS13 isolate assigned to the Chromatiaceae family was assessed by shotgun proteomics using a pan-proteomics database for the genus Rheinheimera and a whole genome sequencing -derived database.
Project description:Next Generation Sequencing of Unmethylated Alu (NSUMA) interrogation of more than 130,000 individual Alus for differential methylation with concomitant analysis of copy number variations applied to the study of hypomethylation in primates. 3 replicates of Gorilla gorilla, Pan troglodytes, Pongo pygmaeus and Homo sapiens were studied.