Monitoring microbial communities’ dynamics during the start-up of microbial fuel cells
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PROVIDER: PRJEB30123 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Microbial Electrochemical Technologies are based on the use of electrochemically active microorganisms that can carry out extracellular electron transfer to an electrode while they are oxidizing the organic compounds. The dynamics and changes of the bacterial community in the anode biofilm and planktonic broth of an acetate fed batch single chamber air cathode MFC have been studied by combing flow-cytometry and Illumina sequencing techniques. At the beginning of the test, from 0?h to 70?h, microbial planktonic communities changed from four groups to two groups, as revealed by DNA content, and from three groups to one group based on the cell membrane polarization revealed by a DiOC6(3) probe. Between 4th day and 13th day, microbial communities changed from one group to a maximum of three groups, monitoring DNA content, and from one group to two based on the cell membrane polarization. The 16S rDNA gene profiling confirmed the shift in microbial communities, with Acinetobacter (39.34%), Azospirillum (27.66%), Arcobacter (4.17%) and Comamonas (2.62%) being the most abundant genera at the beginning of MFC activation. After 70?h the main genera detected were Azospirillum (46.42%), Acinetobacter (34.66%), Enterococcus (2.32%), Dysgonomonas (2.14%). Data obtained have shown that flow cytometry and illumina sequencing are useful tools to monitor "online" the changes in microbial communities during the MFCs start-up and the increase of Azospirillum and Acinetobacter genera is in good agreement with the MFC voltage generation. Moreover, monitoring planktonic populations, instead of the less accessible anode biofilm, was in good agreement with the evolution of MFC voltage.
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Project description:Microfluidic microbial fuel cells (MMFCs) are promising green power sources for future ultra-small electronic devices. The MMFCs with co-laminar microfluidic structure are superior to other MMFCs according to their low internal resistance and relative high power density. However, the area for interfacial electron transfer between the bacteria and the anode is quite limited in the typical Y-shaped device, which apparently restricts the current generation performance. In this study, we developed a membraneless MMFC with serpentine microchannel to enhance the interfacial electron transfer and promote the power generation of the device. Owing to the merit of laminar flow, the proposed MMFC was working well without any proton exchange membrane (PEM). At the same time, the serpentine microchannel greatly increased the power density. The S-MMFC catalyzed by Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 achieves a peak power density of 360 mW/m2 with the optimal channel configuration and the flow rate of 5 ml/h. Meanwhile, this device possesses much shorter start-up time and much longer duration time at high current plateau than the previous reported MMFCs. The presented MMFC appears promising for biochip technology and extends the scope of microfluidic energy.
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Project description:Fuel ethanol is now considered a global energy commodity that is fully competitive with gasoline. We have determined genome copy number differences that are common to five industrially important fuel ethanol yeast strains responsible for the production of billions of gallons of fuel ethanol per year from sugarcane. The fuel strains used were CAT1, BG1, PE2, SA1, and VR1 (note that two independent isolates were analyzed, denoted by "-1" and "-2"). These array-CGH data were compared with array-CGH data from nine other non-fuel industrial yeasts: An ale brewing strain ("Sc-ale"), four wine strains (GSY2A, GSY3A, GSY10A, GSY11B), and 4 bakers' yeast strains (GSY149, GSY150, GSY154, GSY155). Our results reveal significant amplifications of the telomeric SNO and SNZ genes only in the fuel strains, whose protein products are involved in the biosynthesis of vitamins B6 (pyridoxine) and B1 (thiamin). We show that these amplifications allow these yeasts to grow efficiently, especially at high sugar concentrations, regardless of the presence or absence of either of the two vitamins. Our results reveal important genetic adaptations that have been selected for in the industrial environment, which may be required for the efficient fermentation of biomass-derived sugars from other renewable feedstocks. A strain or line experiment design type assays differences between multiple strains, cultivars, serovars, isolates, lines from organisms of a single species. Strain Name: fuel strains used for aCGH Strain_or_line_design
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