Project description:Study to investigate the role of histone residues H3K4 and H3K36 for gene expression, histone localization and neuronal lineage specification by mutation of K4 and K36 in H3.3 to alanine. Histone variant H3.3 differs from the canonical H3.1/H3.2 by only 4 to 5 amino acids, which are necessary for nucleosome assembly independent of DNA replication, and is encoded by two gene copies. Complete loss of the two H3.3 genes (H3f3a and H3f3b) leads to embryonic lethality while single gene knockout yields viable mice. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to delete H3f3a and introduce homozygous point-mutations into H3f3b, thus ensuring that the entire pool of H3.3 protein carries the mutation of interest. We differentiated H3.3ctrl (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b wild type), H3.3K4A mutant (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b K4A) and H3.3K36A mutant (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b K36A) ESCs into glutamatergic neurons. Genomic localization of H3.3 protein was determined by ChIP-Sequencing in ESCs (D0). Histone modifications patterns of H3K4me1, H3K4me3 and H3K27ac were measured by ChIP-Sequencing in ESCs (D0) to assess the impact of the H3.3K4A mutation on the epigenetic landscape. Levels of H3K36me3 were measured by ChIP-Sequencing in WT and H3.3K36A mutant ESCs (D0), NPCs (D8) and neurons (D12) to assess the impact of the H3.3K36A mutation on H3K36me3 levels in development.
Project description:Study to investigate the role of histone residues H3K4 and H3K36 for gene expression, histone localization and neuronal lineage specification by mutation of K4 and K36 in H3.3 to alanine. Histone variant H3.3 differs from the canonical H3.1/H3.2 by only 4 to 5 amino acids, which are necessary for nucleosome assembly independent of DNA replication, and is encoded by two gene copies. Complete loss of the two H3.3 genes (H3f3a and H3f3b) leads to embryonic lethality while single gene knockout yields viable mice. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to delete H3f3a and introduce homozygous point-mutations into H3f3b, thus ensuring that the entire pool of H3.3 protein carries the mutation of interest. We differentiated H3.3ctrl (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b wild type), H3.3K4A mutant (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b K4A) and H3.3K36A mutant (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b K36A) ESCs into glutamatergic neurons. Genomic localization of H3.3 protein was determined by ChIP-Sequencing in ESCs (D0). Distribution patterns of RNA Polymerase II Phosphorylated on Serine 5 (RNA Pol II Ser5P), of histone modification H3K27me3 and chromatin remodeler components Brg1/Smarca4 (Swi/Snf) and Chd4 (NuRD) were measured by ChIP-Sequencing in ESCs (D0) to assess the impact of the H3.3K4A mutation on the epigenetic landscape. Distribution patterns of H3.3 were assessed by ChIP-Sequencing in HEK293T cells after depletion of Brg1/Smarca4 (Swi/Snf) and Chd4 (NuRD).
Project description:Study to investigate the role of histone residues H3K4 and H3K36 for gene expression, histone localization and neuronal lineage specification by mutation of K4 and K36 in H3.3 to alanine. Histone variant H3.3 differs from the canonical H3.1/H3.2 by only 4 to 5 amino acids, which are necessary for nucleosome assembly independent of DNA replication, and is encoded by two gene copies. Complete loss of the two H3.3 genes (H3f3a and H3f3b) leads to embryonic lethality while single gene knockout yields viable mice. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to delete H3f3a and introduce homozygous point-mutations into H3f3b, thus ensuring that the entire pool of H3.3 protein carries the mutation of interest. We differentiated H3.3ctrl (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b wild type), H3.3K4A mutant (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b K4A) and H3.3K36A mutant (H3f3a knock-out; H3f3b K36A) ESCs into glutamatergic neurons. Gene expression profiles were measured by mRNA-Sequencing in undifferentiated ESCs (D0), neurodevelopment (D8) and differentiated neurons (D12) to assess the impact of the mutation on gene expression and development.
Project description:We analyzed the genome-wide binding of Sox2 and POU factor partner factors, Oct4 in ESCs (using published datasets PMID:18692474 and GSM307137, GSM307154, GSM307155) and Brn2 in NPCs. We found that Sox2 and Oct4 co-occupied a large subset of promoters and enhancers in ESCs, but that Sox2 and Brn2 co-occupy predominantly enhancers. Further, we overexpressed Brn2 in differentiating ESCs and showed that ectopic Brn2 recruited Sox2 to NPC-specific targets, resulting in skewed differentiation towards the neural lineage. Examination of transcription factor binding in ESCs, NPCs, and differentiating ESCs by ChIP-Seq.
Project description:ChIP-seq arrayed genome-wide distribution of H4K20me3 in wildtype mESCs, Pwp1(-/+) ESCs and Pwp1-overexpression Pwp1(-/+) ESCs. ChIP-seq data showed that the enrichment of Pwp1 in the entire genome was highly similar to the enrichment of the H4K20me3 modification.
Project description:Suz12(Bgal/Bgal) ESCs express a truncated form of Suz12 fused to Beta-galactosidase. These cells maintain a reduced level of H3K27me3 despite this mutation to a core component of PRC2, unlike Eed-/- ESCs whose H3K27me3 is ablated. Two ESC lines mutant in genes of core components of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 were assessed for H3K27me3 by ChIP-seq, as compared to a wild type ESC line.
Project description:Suz12(Bgal/Bgal) ESCs express a truncated form of Suz12 fused to Beta-galactosidase. These cells maintain a reduced level of H3K27me3 despite this mutation to a core component of PRC2, unlike Eed-/- ESCs whose H3K27me3 is ablated. This data shows the concomitant changes in H3K4me3 levels in these cells. An ESC line mutant in Suz12, a core component of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, was assessed for H3K4me3 by ChIP-seq, as compared to a wild type ESC line, as well as both lines subjected to in vitro differentiation down the Spinal Motor Neuron pathway.
Project description:Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) is a key driver of most breast cancers, and it is the target of endocrine therapies used in the clinic to treat women with ERα positive (ER+) breast cancer. The two methods ChIP-seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing) and RIME (Rapid Immunoprecipitation of Endogenous Proteins) have greatly improved our understanding of ERα function during breast cancer progression and in response to anti-estrogens. A critical component of both ChIP-seq and RIME protocols is the antibody that is used to pull down the bait protein. To date, most of the ChIP-seq and RIME experiments for the study of ERα have been performed using the sc-543 antibody from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. However, this antibody has been discontinued, thereby severely impacting the study of ERα in normal physiology as well as diseases such as breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Here, we compare the sc-543 antibody with other commercially available antibodies, and we show that 06-935 (EMD Millipore) and ab3575 (Abcam) antibodies can successfully replace the sc-543 antibody for ChIP-seq and RIME experiments.