Project description:Maternal body size, nutrition, and hyperglycemia contribute to neonatal body size and composition. There is little information on maternal-fetal transmission of messages which influence fetal growth. We analyzed adipocyte-derived small extracellular vesicular (ADsEV) microRNAs in maternal and cord blood to explore their adipogenic potential. Differential expression (DE) of ADsEV miRNAs in adipose vs. lean neonates was studied before and after adjustment for maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), adiposity, and vitamin B12-folate status.
Project description:Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and fetal overgrowth increase the risk of postnatal health. Maternal nutrition is the major intrauterine environmental factor that alters fetal weight. However, the mechanisms underlying maternal nutrition affect fetal development is not entirely clear. We developed a pig model and used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) to investigate alterations in the placental proteome were obtained from gilts in normal-energy-intake (Con) and high-energy-intake (HE) group, respectively.At 90 d of gestation, the heavy fetuses were found at the tubal ends and light fetuses at the cervical ends of the uterus in Con group and the heavy fetuses had higher glucose concentration than the light fetuses. However, a higher uniformity was noted in HE group. Placental promote between these two positions indicated that a total of 78 and 50 differentially expressed proteins were detected in Con and HE group, respectively. In Con group, these proteins related to lipid metabolism (HADHA, AACS, CAD), nutrient transport (GLUT, SLC27A1) and energy metabolism (NDUFV1, NDUFV2, ATP5C1). However, the differentially expressed proteins in HE group were mainly participation in transcriptional and translational regulation and intracellular vesicular transport.
Project description:This study aimed to assess PFAS distribution and lung proteome changes in CD-1 offspring after gestational and lactational exposure to PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, or a PFAS mix. A secondary aim was to evaluate how maternal exposure to a high fat diet (HFD) affected the latter endpoints. Pregnant CD-1 mice received PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS (1 mg/kg), a PFAS mix (1 mg/kg each), or vehicle. Dams were fed standard diet (SD) or high fat diet (HFD), and PFAS were administered from gestation day 1 to postnatal day 20. At PND 21, lung PFAS concentration was measured using LC-MS/MS, and proteomic analysis was conducted. Results from LC-MS/MS analysis showed a significant overall difference in PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS levels and the treatment groups with PFHxS concentration were significantly higher compared to PFOS and PFOA. Proteomic analysis determined female pups exposed to maternal HFD Mix (Mix HFD female) and PFOS (PFOS HFD female) had the most differentially expressed proteins followed by PFOS SD male, Mix SD female, and Mix SD male. Canonical pathways like EIF2 signaling, mTOR signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction were differentially modulated. This study provides insights into PFAS distribution, the molecular mechanism, biomarkers on the neonatal lung in animal models following perinatal exposure.
Project description:Maternal diabetes is associated with a wide range of fetal and neonatal adverse effects including pulmonary disturbances. To investigate the effects of maternal diabetes on neonatal lung gene expression profile, we performed microarray analysis on the lungs of 14-day-old rats born to diabetic dam. Keywords: disease state analysis Four neonatal lungs exposed to maternal diabetes and four control lungs were analyzed.
Project description:Mammalian fetal lung development is a complex biological process.Despite considerable progress, a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic regulatory networks that govern postnatal alveolar lung development is still lacking. The purpose of this study as part of the LungMAP consortium (www.lungmap.net) is to understand the transcriptional changes in the process of mammalian lung development.
Project description:We hypothesized that poor maternal nutrition during gestation would reduce the growth and development of offspring muscle prenatally, reduce the number of myogenic progenitor cells, and result in changes in the global expression of genes involved in prenatal muscle development and function. Ewes were fed a control (100% NRC)-, restricted (60% NRC),- or over-fed (140% NRC) diet beginning at day 30 of gestation until day 45, 90, and 135 of gestation or until parturition. In offspring, we report altered secondary: primary muscle fiber ratios and percent PAX7 positive cells during fetal development. In addition, changes in muscle mRNA expression were observed between maternal dietary treatments and over timepoints during gestation. In conclusion, poor maternal nutrition during gestation contributes to altered offspring muscle growth during early fetal development which persists throughout the fetal stage.
Project description:Lung alveolarization is a complex process that involves interactions between several cell types and leads to considerable increase in gas-exchange surface area. The step designated secondary septation includes elastogenesis from interstitial fibroblasts. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of fibroblast gene expression that underly secondary septation, and identified numerous genes that undergo signficant changes in expression Experiment Overall Design: Rat lung fibroblats were extemporaneously isolated at successive stages of postnatal development that flank the septation period for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. Three biological replicates from three different litters were prepared for each time point.
Project description:Lipidomics, proteomics and metabolomics characterization of the ontogeny of lipid, protein and metabolite changes during normal postnatal lung development
