Zobellia galactanivorans strain:Dsij
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PROVIDER: PRJNA16099 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Response of an alga-associated marine flavobacteria to polysaccharide degradation
| PRJNA390150 | ENA
Project description:Carrageenan catabolism is conferred by a complex regulon in marine heterotrophic bacteria
| PRJNA393796 | ENA
Project description:Mannitol is a polyol that occurs in a wide range of living organisms, where it fulfills different physiological roles. In particular, mannitol can account for as much as 20 to 30% of the dry weight of brown algae and is likely to be an important source of carbon for marine heterotrophic bacteria. Zobellia galactanivorans (Flavobacteriia) is a model for the study of pathways involved in the degradation of seaweed carbohydrates. Annotation of its genome revealed the presence of genes potentially involved in mannitol catabolism, and we describe here the biochemical characterization of a recombinant mannitol-2-dehydrogenase (M2DH) and a fructokinase (FK). Among the observations, the M2DH of Z. galactanivorans was active as a monomer, did not require metal ions for catalysis, and featured a narrow substrate specificity. The FK characterized was active on fructose and mannose in the presence of a monocation, preferentially K(+). Furthermore, the genes coding for these two proteins were adjacent in the genome and were located directly downstream of three loci likely to encode an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex, suggesting organization into an operon. Gene expression analysis supported this hypothesis and showed the induction of these five genes after culture of Z. galactanivorans in the presence of mannitol as the sole source of carbon. This operon for mannitol catabolism was identified in only 6 genomes of Flavobacteriaceae among the 76 publicly available at the time of the analysis. It is not conserved in all Bacteroidetes; some species contain a predicted mannitol permease instead of a putative ABC transporter complex upstream of M2DH and FK ortholog genes.
| S-EPMC4325148 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Zobellia galactanivorans strain:OII3 Genome sequencing and assembly
| PRJNA377409 | ENA
Project description:Zobellia galactanivorans is an emerging model bacterium for the bioconversion of algal biomass. Notably, this marine Bacteroidetes possesses a complex agarolytic system comprising four ?-agarases and five ?-porphyranases, all belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 16. Although ?-agarases are specific for the neutral agarobiose moieties, the recently discovered ?-porphyranases degrade the sulfated polymers found in various quantities in natural agars. Here, we report the biochemical and structural comparison of five ?-porphyranases and ?-agarases from Z. galactanivorans. The respective degradation patterns of two ?-porphyranases and three ?-agarases are analyzed by their action on defined hybrid oligosaccharides. In light of the high resolution crystal structures, the biochemical results allowed a detailed mapping of substrate specificities along the active site groove of the enzymes. Although PorA displays a strict requirement for C6-sulfate in the -2- and +1-binding subsites, PorB tolerates the presence of 3-6-anhydro-l-galactose in subsite -2. Both enzymes do not accept methylation of the galactose unit in the -1 subsite. The ?-agarase AgaD requires at least four consecutive agarose units (DP8) and is highly intolerant to modifications, whereas for AgaB oligosaccharides containing C6-sulfate groups at the -4, +1, and +3 positions are still degraded. Together with a transcriptional analysis of the expression of these enzymes, the structural and biochemical results allow proposition of a model scheme for the agarolytic system of Z. galactanivorans.
| S-EPMC3436304 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Alginate is a major compound of brown macroalgae and as such an important carbon and energy source for heterotrophic marine bacteria. Despite the rather simple composition of alginate only comprising mannuronate and guluronate units, these bacteria feature complex alginolytic systems that can contain up to seven alginate lyases. This reflects the necessity of large enzyme systems for the complete degradation of the abundant substrate. Numerous alginate lyases have been characterized. They belong to different polysaccharide lyase (PL) families, but only one crystal structure of a family 17 (PL17) alginate lyase has been reported to date, namely Alg17c from the gammaproteobacterium Saccharophagus degradans. Biochemical and structural characterizations are helpful to link sequence profiles to function, evolution of functions and niche-specific characteristics. Here, we combined detailed biochemical and crystallographic analysis of AlyA3, a PL17 alginate lyase from the marine flavobacteria Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT, providing the first structure of a PL17 in the Bacteroidetes phylum. AlyA3 is exo-lytic and highly specific of mannuronate stretches. As part of an "alginate utilizing locus", its activity is complementary to that of other characterized alginate lyases from the same bacterium. Structural comparison with Alg17c highlights a common mode of action for exo-lytic cleavage of the substrate, strengthening our understanding of the PL17 catalytic mechanism. We show that unlike Alg17c, AlyA3 contains an inserted flexible loop at the entrance to the catalytic groove, likely involved in substrate recognition, processivity and turn over.
| S-EPMC8600288 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Marine flavobacteria possess dedicated Polysaccharide Utilization Loci (PULs) enabling efficient degradation of a variety of algal polysaccharides. The expression of these PULs is tightly controlled by the presence of the substrate, yet details on the regulatory mechanisms are still lacking. The marine flavobacterium Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT digests many algal polysaccharides, including alginate from brown algae. Its complex Alginate Utilization System (AUS) comprises a PUL and several other loci. Here, we showed that the expression of the AUS is strongly and rapidly (<30 min) induced upon addition of alginate, leading to biphasic substrate utilization. Polymeric alginate is first degraded into smaller oligosaccharides that accumulate in the extracellular medium before being assimilated. We found that AusR, a GntR family protein encoded within the PUL, regulates alginate catabolism by repressing the transcription of most AUS genes. Based on our genetic, genomic, transcriptomic and biochemical results, we propose the first model of regulation for a PUL in marine bacteria. AusR binds to promoters of AUS genes via single, double or triple copies of operator. Upon addition of alginate, secreted enzymes expressed at a basal level catalyze the initial breakdown of the polymer. Metabolic intermediates produced during degradation act as effectors of AusR and inhibit the formation of AusR/DNA complexes, thus lifting transcriptional repression.
| S-EPMC7641319 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Laminarinase is commonly used to describe ?-1,3-glucanases widespread throughout Archaea, bacteria, and several eukaryotic lineages. Some ?-1,3-glucanases have already been structurally and biochemically characterized, but very few from organisms that are in contact with genuine laminarin, the storage polysaccharide of brown algae. Here we report the heterologous expression and subsequent biochemical and structural characterization of ZgLamAGH16 from Zobellia galactanivorans, the first GH16 laminarinase from a marine bacterium associated with seaweeds. ZgLamAGH16 contains a unique additional loop, compared with other GH16 laminarinases, which is composed of 17 amino acids and gives a bent shape to the active site cleft of the enzyme. This particular topology is perfectly adapted to the U-shaped conformation of laminarin chains in solution and thus explains the predominant specificity of ZgLamAGH16 for this substrate. The three-dimensional structure of the enzyme and two enzyme-substrate complexes, one with laminaritetraose and the other with a trisaccharide of 1,3-1,4-?-d-glucan, have been determined at 1.5, 1.35, and 1.13 ? resolution, respectively. The structural comparison of substrate recognition pattern between these complexes allows the proposition that ZgLamAGH16 likely diverged from an ancestral broad specificity GH16 ?-glucanase and evolved toward a bent active site topology adapted to efficient degradation of algal laminarin.
| S-EPMC3900952 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Marine bacteria secrete specific glycoside hydrolases such as agarases to access polysaccharides from algal cell walls as a carbon and energy source. In an attempt to identify agarases with variable degradation patterns, a novel family GH16 beta-agarase from the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans was expressed, purified and crystallized. The purified enzyme crystallized in two distinct forms that were grown by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method using polyethylene glycol as a precipitant. Hexagonal crystals belonging to space group P3(1)21 diffracted to 2.2 A resolution, whereas orthorhombic crystals belonging to space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) diffracted to 1.5 A resolution.
| S-EPMC2852333 | biostudies-literature