Project description:A healthy rumen is crucial for normal growth and improved production performance of ruminant animals. Rumen microbes participate in and regulate rumen epithelial function, and the diverse metabolites produced by rumen microbes are important participants in rumen microbe-host interactions. SCFAs, as metabolites of rumen microbes, have been widely studied, and propionate and butyrate have been proven to promote rumen epithelial cell proliferation. Succinate, as an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle, is a final product in the metabolism of certain rumen microbes, and is also an intermediate product in the microbial synthesis pathway of propionate. However, its effect on rumen microbes and rumen epithelial function has not been studied. It is unclear whether succinate can stimulate rumen epithelial development. Therefore, in this experiment, Chinese Tan sheep were used as experimental animals to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the rumen microbiota community structure and rumen epithelial transcriptome, to explore the role of adding succinate to the diet in the interaction between the rumen microbiota and host.
Project description:RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on rumen papillae from 16 steers with variation in gain and feed intake. Sixteen rumen papillae samples were sequenced by Cofactor Genomics (St.Louis, MO).
Project description:Ruminant livestock are one of the major contributors to carbon emission contributing the global warming issue. Methane (CH4) produced from enteric microbial fermentation of feed in the reticulo-rumen are known to differ between sheep with different digestive function and fermentation products such as metabolites. However, the molecular mechanism underpinning differences in methane emission remains to be fully elucidated. We extracted a membrane and cytosolic protein fraction of rumen epithelium proteins from both high (H) and low (L) CH4 emitting sheep. Protein abundance differences between the phenotypes were quantified using SWATH-mass spectrometry. We identified 92 proteins annotated as cell surface transporters, of which only solute carrier family (SLC) 40A1 had a greater fold change of protein expression in the high methane emission phenotype. The main difference in protein abundance we found were related to the metabolism of glucose, lactate and processes of cell defence against microbes in the epithelium of sheep in each group. To best of our knowledge, this represents one of the most comprehensive proteomes of ovine rumen epithelium to date.
Project description:This study will evaluate the bioavailability, palatability, safety and tolerability of entrectinib in healthy volunteers. Part 1 of the study will explore the performance of entrectinib multi-particle formulation. Part 2 will evaluate the effect of drug substance particle size on entrectinib bioavailability.
Project description:We functionally analyzed the rumen epithelial transcriptomes from low- and high- feed efficient beef steers to identify differences that might contribute to variation in feed efficiency.
Project description:Here, we used reverse-phase liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry to study the pre-weaned lamb proteome and metaproteome in ten different gastrointestinal tracts: rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum.
Project description:Microbiome DNA from the adhering fraction of a sheep rumen. The RSTs were generated using an improved version of SARST (referred to as iSARST) from the microbiome DNA extracted from the adhering fraction of the rumen content taken from a sheep. The iSARST method is going to be submitted to Nature Biotechnology for publication. Keywords: other
Project description:Lycium barbarum residue contains abundant bioactive nutrients which can be used as feed supplement. This study investigated the effects of fermented and non-fermented Lycium barbarum residues (RFW and RW) on the meat quality and immunity of sheep (Ovis aries). Fifty-four Tan sheep were randomly divided into control, RFW or RW treatments. Data showed that RFW and RW increased the carcass weight, fat content, ash content and reduced the cooking loss of lamb. RFW performed more significant effects on activating immune-related genes than those of RW. The expression of chemokines and immune-related pathways, such as signaling pathways of interleukin-17 signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, were elevated in sheep fed RFW. RW increased the diversity in rumen metabolites, especially compositions of lipids, organic acids and organ heterocyclic compounds. RFW affected numerous compounds which are closely correlated with the activation of immune genes. In conclusion, RFW could represent a valuable strategy to improve growth performance and immunity of sheep
Project description:Feed regimens have a pivotal role in modulating the transcriptional programs that, in turns, have an impact on many biological processes, including metabolism, health and development. Green feed diet in ruminant exerts a beneficial effect on rumen metabolism and enhances the content of health-promoting biomolecules in the milk. However, a comprehensive analysis focused to the identification of genes, and therefore, biological processes modulated by the green feed diet in buffalo rumen has never been reported so far. In this regard, to highlight the impact of the green feed diet on ruminal transcriptomic profiles, we performed RNA-sequencing in buffaloes fed a total mixed ratio (TMR) + the inclusion of 30% of ryegrass green feed (treated group) in comparison with buffaloes fed a dry TMR diet (control group).